高二英语下学期期末考试题含答案.docx

1、高二英语下学期期末考试题含答案2022高二英语下学期期末考试题（含答案）第一部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中， 选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑 AEvery day, millions of shoppers hit the stores in full forceboth online and on foot searching for the perfect gift Aside from purchasing holiday gifts, most people regularly buy presents

2、 for other occasions throughout the year, including weddings, birthdays, anniversaries, graduations, and baby showers This frequent experience of giftgiving can cause _ feelings in giftgivers Many enjoy the opportunity to buy presents because giftgiving offers a powerful means to build stronger bond

3、s with ones closest persons At the same time, many fear the thought of buying gifts; they worry that their purchases will disappoint rather than delight the intended receiversWhatis surprising is that giftgivers have considerable experience acting as both giftgivers and giftrecipients, but neverthel

4、ess tend to overspend each time they set out to purchase a meaningful gift In the present research, we propose a unique psychological explanation for this overspending problem ie, that giftgivers equate how much they spend with how much receivers will appreciate the gift （the more expensive the gift

5、, the stronger a giftrecipients feelings of appreciation） Although a link between gift price and feelings of appreciation might seem intuitive （凭直觉得到的） to giftgivers, such an assumption may be unfounded Indeed, we propose that gift receivers will seldom tend to base their feelings of appreciation on

6、 the significance weight of a gift than givers assumeWhydo giftgivers assume that gift price is closely linked to giftrecipients feelings of appreciation? Perhaps givers believe that bigger （ie, more expensive） gifts convey stronger signals of thoughtfulness and consideration According to Camerer （1

7、988）and others, giftgiving represents a symbolic ritual（礼节）, by which giftgivers attempt to signal their positive attitudes toward the intended receiver and their willingness to invest resources in a future relationship In this sense, giftgivers may be motivated to spend more money on a gift in orde

8、r to send a “stronger signal” to their intended receiver As for giftreceivers, they may not consider smaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulness and considerationInpractical terms, people spend hundreds of dollars each year on gifts, but somehow never learn

9、to measure their gift expenses according to personal insight（1）The underlined word _ most nearly means_A. unrealistic B. conflicted C. appreciative D. supportive（2）The authors indicate that people value giftgiving because they feel it_A. functions as a form of selfexpressionB. is an inexpensive way

10、to show appreciationC. requires the giftreceivers to returnD. can serve to strengthen a relationship（3）The authors refer to work by Camerer and others in order to_A. offer an explanation B. introduce an argumentC. question an intension D. support a conclusionBMostpeople know that Marie Curie was the

11、 first woman to win the Nobel Prize,and the first person to win it twiceHowever,few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winnerBornin September,1987,Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughtersAlong with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars,Irene

12、studied in their own school,and her mother was one of the teachersShe finished her high school education at the College of Svign in ParisIrene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physicsWhen World War I began,Irene went to help her mother,who was using

13、Xray facilities（设备） to help save the lives of wounded soldiersIrene continued the work by developing Xray facilities in military hospitals in France and BelgiumHer services were recognised in the form of a Militarys Medal by the French governmentIn1918,Irene became her mothers assistant at the Curie

14、 InstituteIn December 1924,Frederic Joliot joined the Institute,and Irene taught him the techniques required for his workThey soon fell in love and were married in 1926Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years laterLikeher mother,Irene combined family and careerLike her

15、mother,Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize,along with her husband,in 1935Unfortunately,also like her mother,she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity（辐射能）Irene JoliotCurie died from leukemia on March 17,1956（4）Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal？_A.Because she received a deg

16、ree in mathematicsB.Because she worked as a helper to her motherC.Because she won the Nobel Prize with FredericD.Because she contributed to saving the wounded（5）Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot？_A.At a military hospital B.At the University of ParisC.At the Curie Institute D.At

17、the College of Sevigne（6）When was the second child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born？_A.In 1927 B.In 1932 C.In 1897 D.In 1926（7）In which of the following aspects was Irene Curie different from her mother？_A.Irene worked with radioactivityB.Irene combined family and careerC.Irene died from leuk

18、emiaD.Irene won the Nobel Prize onceCThere are two types of people in this world: those who regularly wash their office coffee cup And those who only take it off their desk to cover up the coffee mark at the bottom with a fresh pour, driving away their shame with the reasoning that the heat must kil

19、l the bacteria or spine thingDepending on which type of person you are, this will be either mildly annoying or morethanmildly exciting As Heidi Mitchell wrote in a recent Wall Street Journal column, its fine to never wash your cup, as long as youre not sharing it with anybody elseThere are two warni

20、ngs to that statement, infectiousdisease expert Jeffrey Strake, a professor at Baylor College of Medicine, told Mitchell; One, it only applies if youre not sharing the cup with anybody else And two , if you leave cream or sugar in your cup over the weekend, that can certainly cause mold（霉） to grow i

21、n which case, wash it outOtherwise, though, theres not really much to worry about “If I went and cultured the average unwashed coffee cup, of course I would find bacteria” Starke said “But remember the vast majority came from the person who used the cup” Even if you drink from it while sick, its pre

22、tty hard to reinfect yourself with the same cup; most viruses dont live long outside the body, which means that just letting your cup live in its own dirt may be a safer bet than the alternative; cleaning it with the disgusting sponge（海绵） in the office kitchen “The sponge in the break room probably

23、has the highest bacteria count of anything in the office” Starke said if the idea of not washing horrifies you , just stick the sponge in the microwave before using Otherwise, though, reel free to continue _without guilt（8）What does the passage intend to tell us？_A. It is harmful to drink coffee wit

24、h sugarB. Its okay not to wash your coffee cup regularlyC.The hot water contributes to the bacteria growingD. Drinking from unwashed coffee cups causes diseases easily（9）What do we know from Starks words？_A. The coffee cup in the office must be put in the microwave to cleanB. Its easy to get infecte

25、d if you often use the same unwashed cupC. The coffee cup shouldnt be shared in the officeD. Its good way to grow bacteria in an unwashed cup（10）What does the underlined part “your lazy ways” refer to ？_A. Leaving your coffee cup unwashedB. Sticking the sponge in the microwaveC. Using Paper cups onl

26、y in the officeD. Cleaning your coffee cup with sponge（11）Where does the passage probably come from？_A. A travel brochure B. A science magazineC. An official statement D. An entertainment programDWhatif you arrived home to find a delicious hot meal waiting for you,prepared by your own kitchen robot?

27、It might sound like science fiction,but professors at the University of Tokyo have taken the first steps toward making that a realityThe team recently introduced a humanshaped kitchen robot that can pour tea and other drinks into cups and serve them to guestsWhen teatime is over,the robot can also w

28、ash the dishes and put them awayInCalifornia,another interesting kitchen robot has been developed,called ReadybotIt can pick up objects and either store them in cabinets （橱柜） or put them in the trashIt also carries a separate floorcleaning robot that can operate by itselfUnlike the Japanese robot,Re

29、adybot just looks more like a large box with arms and wheelsReadybot was created by engineers and designers who established a club called the Readybot ChallengeThey believe that in the future millions of robots will be needed in homes to perform ordinary household tasksReadybot is just the first ste

30、p in their plan to create a robot that can do jobs not only in kitchens but in other rooms of homes and in offices as wellClearly there are technological difficulties to solve before robots can cook a complete dinner,and there are also many safety concerns （忧虑）Not everyone （especially parents） would be comfortable with the idea of robots in their house,_ hot pans and sharp knivesThe European Commission recently funded（资助） a project to study these concernsAccording to lead researcher Professor Chris Melhuish,“Enabling robots to work safely with humans is a key need for the future develo