全国高考英语阅读理解的综合高考真题汇总附答案解析.docx

1、全国高考英语阅读理解的综合高考真题汇总附答案解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 If youre a fan of smart technology, you may have had some sleepless nights lately. Thats because Alexa, the artificial intelligence (AI) behind US company Amazons Echo smart speakers, has been letting out an unprompted (自发的),creepy (令人毛骨悚然的)cackle for no appar

2、ent reason, according to BBC News. Many social media users shared their stories of Alexa scaring them with the seemingly unprompted laugh. Every time Alexa laughs, an angel dies, Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk joked on social media. On March 7, Amazon released an update that fixed the problem, s

3、aying that the laugh was caused by Echo devices mistakenly thinking that users had said the command Alexa, laugh. However, what should have been a funny story raised the ongoing topic of man versus machine. With the rise of artificial and robotic technology, Digital machines started to demonstrate b

4、road abilities in pattern recognition, complex communication, and other area that used to be particularly human, wrote Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee in their book The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. They believe that AI will do more and m

5、ore, and our lives will get better. However, ever since the earliest days of AI there have been concerns that some day, software will take over the world, leaving the fate of humans unknown. With artificial intelligence we are order the demon (魔鬼)Musk told students during a meeting at MIT in 2014. I

6、f I had to guess at what our biggest existential threat is, its probably that. So we need to be very careful Many scientists have shared the same concern. The late British physicist Stephen Hawking said at a technology conference in Portugal in November that computers can. in theory, imitate human i

7、ntelligence, and exceed it AI could be the worst event in the history of our civilization. If creators are to safely control AL however, Hawking suggested that they employ best practice and effective management. I am an optimist and I believe that we can create AI for the good of the world, he said

8、at the conference. We simply need to be aware of the dangers, identify them, employ the best possible practice and management, and prepare for its consequences well in advance.（1）What does the underlined word cackle in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A.movementB.laughterC.screamD.story（2）The story of Ale

9、xa is intended to . A.lead into the discussion about humans and AIB.prove artificial intelligence has its weaknessesC.inform readers of the development of AID.show how Alexas problem was fixed（3）According to Brynjolfsson and McAfee, which statement below is probably TRUE? A.The development of AI cou

10、ld threaten our survival one day.B.Digital machines have complete ability to recognize something without mistakes.C.Robots will never match humans in complex communication.D.Humans lives will be greatly improved with the help of robots.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Man VS. MachineB

11、.Time to Control Rise of AIC.Creepy AID.AI: The Biggest Threat【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对人工智能带来的潜在危险的不同观点，提醒我们要提前做好充分准备。 （1）考查猜测词义。根据第二段中的Many social media users shared their stories of Alexa scaring them with the seemingly unprompted laugh.可知很多社交媒体也分享了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事

12、情。此句中的laugh与文章第一段中的划线词cackle意义一样，故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。前四段中介绍了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事情，再根据第五段中的However, what should have been a funny story raised the ongoing topic of man versus machine.这个故事引起了人与机器对抗的话题。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的They believe that AI will do more and more, and our lives will get better.可

13、知Brynjolfsson和McAfee认为现在的人工智能机器展示出了多种能力，这些能力会让我们的生活变得更好。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了人们对于人工智能带来的潜在危险的不同观点。在最后一段中作者引用了霍金的话，告诉我们要意识到人工智能的危险，要做好充分的准备。B项符合文章中心思想。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Darrell Blatchley, a marine biologist and environmen

14、talist based in the Philippine city of Davao, received a call from the Philippines, Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (渔业与水产资源局) early Friday morning reporting a death of a young whale. When the necropsy (尸检) was performed, Blatchley told NPR, he was not prepared for the amount of plastic th

15、ey found in the whales stomach. It was full of plastic nothing but nonstop plastic. he said It was filled to the point that its stomach was as hard as a baseball. That means that this animal has been suffering not for days or weeks but for months or even a year or more, Blatchley added. Blatchley is

16、 the founder and owner of the DBone Collector Museum, a natural history museum in Davao. In the coming days, the museum will display all the items found in the whales system. Blatchley and his team work with the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources and other organizations to assist in rescue an

17、d recovery of marine animals. Within the last 10 years, we have recovered 61 whales and dolphins just within the Davao Gulf, he said. Of them, 57 have died due to man whether they took plastic or fishing nets or other waste, or gotten caught in pollution and four were pregnant. Blatchley said he hop

18、ed that the latest incident would launch the issue of plastic pollution in the Philippines and across the globe. If we keep going this way, it will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic, he said.（1）What can he inferred from the second para

19、graph? A.The whale was starved to death.B.Blatchley was shocked at what he found.C.The dead whale must have swallowed a baseball.D.Blatchley didnt make preparations for the necropsy.（2）What will be shown in the DBone Collector Museum? A.Waste collected from the ocean.B.The whole system of the whale.

20、C.Things found in the whales body.D.Many different tools of whaling.（3）What does Blatchley think of plastic pollution in the Philippines? A.Uncommon.B.Worrying.C.Inspiring.D.Mild.（4）What is the best title for the text? A.A Whale Found Dead of PlasticB.Stand Up for Protecting WhalesC.Plastic Threaten

21、ing Our ExistenceD.Natural Death or Merciless Murder【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对海洋塑料污染的担忧。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“he was not prepared for the amount of plastic they found in the whales stomach”可知，布拉奇利在鲸鱼的胃里发现了大量的塑料，他对此毫无准备，这是他意想不到的，由此可知，布拉奇利对他的发现感到震惊，故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段

22、中的“In the coming days, the museum will display all the items found in the whales system.”可知，在鲸鱼体内发现的东西将在这座自然博物馆中展出，故选C。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If we keep going this way, it will be more uncommon to see an animal die of natural causes than it is to see an animal die of plastic,”可知，布拉奇利说如果我们继续这样下去，动物因吃塑料死

23、亡的情况比自然死亡更为常见，由此可知，他对菲律宾的塑料污染很担忧，故选B。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了一只鲸鱼因吞食大量的塑料而死亡，这引发了人们对塑料污染的担忧，故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Families around the country are finding new options for their childrens midday meal thanks to a growin

24、g number of delivery options catering to students. Kiddos Catering in Chicago adopts a method of providing restaurant meals to schools that contract with it. Owner Michelle Moses and her staff work with area restaurants to create a variety of kid-friendly choices and deliver the meals to the schools

25、 five days a week. Parents select the lunches from an online order form that lists the days featured restaurant and its menu choices. Each day is a different restaurant with six to 10 menu options, she said. It offers so much choice to kids. The service appeals to parents because they think their ch

26、ildren are less likely to toss out restaurant food than a packed lunch, Ms. Moses said. The schools appreciate that Moses handles the ordering, payment, pickup, and food distribution in the cafeteria. Schools really want to be in the business of educating kids, she said. They dont want to be in the

27、food and beverage(餐饮) business. That doesnt mean that schools always like it when teens (or parents) take it upon themselves to order food through phone apps. Many schools have banned that practice, citing safety concerns about delivery drivers showing up at school unannounced and the burden of trac

28、king down students to alarm them that their meals have arrived. These types of deliveries pose an unnecessary security risk for students and staff, said Bernard Watson, director of community relations for Gwinnett County Public Schools in Suwanee, Ga. In addition, our award-winning school nutrition

29、program provides students with a wide variety of tasty, nutritious meals on-site, so there is no need to order food from outside. Jacob Levin, a recent graduate of Bexley High School in Bexley, Ohio, relied on a sub shop to deliver a sandwich to him during lunchtime meetings or other appointments th

30、at conflicted with his lunch period. It was a convenient option. In most cases, I would not have been able to eat at school if it werent for the delivery option, he said. Having a restaurant-quality sub also was much more enjoyable than cafeteria food.（1）What can we learn about Kiddos Catering? A.It

31、 should be ordered online.B.It is a non-profit food program.C.It delivers the meals to the schools twice a day.D.It mainly offers the featured dishes of a restaurant.（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The aim of the food and beverage business.B.A suitable time for school meals.C.Advantages of the delivering school lunch.D.An alternative to the school cafeteria.（3）What is Bernard Watsons concern for delivering food? A.Its less healthy than