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美国医师学院的临床实践指南住院患者静脉血栓的预防.docx

1、美国医师学院的临床实践指南住院患者静脉血栓的预防从美国医师学院的临床实践指南:住院患者静脉血栓的预防。 Bibliographic Source(s) 书目来源(S) Qaseem A, Chou R, Humphrey LL, Starkey M, Shekelle P, for the Clinical Guidelines Committee of the American College of Physicians.一个qaseem,周,汉弗莱的LL,斯塔基男,Shekelle带够,美国医师学院的临床指引委员会。 Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis i

2、n hospitalized patients: a clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians.从美国医师学院的临床实践指南:住院患者静脉血栓的预防。 Ann Intern Med 2011 Nov 1;155(9):625-32.安内科杂志2011年11月1日; 155(9):625-32。 50 references PubMed 50 期刊 Guideline Status 指引状态 This is the current release of the guideline.这是当前版本的指引。

3、- - Scope 范围 - - Methodology 方法论 - - Recommendations 建议 - - Evidence Supporting the Recommendations 证据支持的建议 - - Benefits/Harms of Implementing the Guideline Recommendations 实施指引建议的好处/危害 - - Qualifying Statements 资格声明 - - Implementation of the Guideline 该指引的执行情况 - - Institute of Medicine (IOM) Nation

4、al Healthcare Quality Report Categories 国家医学研究所(IOM)医疗质量报告分类 - - Identifying Information and Availability 确定信息和可用性 - - Disclaimer 免责声明 Developer: American College of Physicians开发商: 美国医师学院 Age of Target Population: Adult (19 to 44 years) ; Aged (65 to 79 years) ; Aged, 80 and over ; Middle Age (45 to

5、 64 years) 目标人群: 成人(19至44岁) , 老年人(65岁至79岁) , 老年人,80以上 ; 中世纪(45至64岁 年龄 ) UMLS Concepts ( whats this? ) UMLS的概念 ( 这是什么? ) Click to view all guideline(s) indexed with these concepts 点击查看所有准则(S)与这些概念索引 ICD9CM : Acute venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity (453.40);

6、 Chronic venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity (453.50); Other pulmonary embolism and infarction (415.19) ICD9CM: 不详下肢深静脉血栓形成急性静脉栓塞 (453.40); 慢性静脉栓塞,不明下肢深静脉血栓形成 (453.50); 其他肺栓塞和梗死 (415.19) MSH : Pulmonary Embolism ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis M

7、SH的 肺栓塞 , 静脉血栓 静脉血栓形成 MTH : Deep Vein Thrombosis ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Venous Thrombosis 跖骨 : 深静脉血栓形成 , 肺栓塞 , 静脉血栓形成 PDQ : fondaparinux sodium ; heparin ; thromboembolism PDQ的 : fondaparinux的钠 ; 肝素 ; 血栓 SNOMEDCT : Deep venous thrombosis (16750002); Pulmonary embolism (59282003); Venous thrombosis (

8、111293003) SNOMEDCT: 深静脉血栓形成 (16750002); 肺栓塞 (59282003); 静脉血栓形成 (111293003) SPN : HEPARIN ; LEGGING, COMPRESSION, NON-INFLATABLE 的SPN: 肝素 的legging,压缩,非充气 UMD : Circulatory Assist Units, Peripheral Compression, Sequential, End-Diastolic (18-085); Stockings, Compression (13-789) UMD格式 : 循环辅助单元,外围压缩,连续

9、,舒张末期 (18-085); 长袜,压缩 (13-789) Show all. 显示所有. ICD9CM : Acute venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity (453.40); Chronic venous embolism and thrombosis of unspecified deep vessels of lower extremity (453.50); Embolism and thrombosis of unspecified site (453.9); H

10、emorrhage, unspecified (459.0); Other pulmonary embolism and infarction (415.19) ICD9CM: 不详下肢深静脉 (453.40); 慢性静脉栓塞和血栓形成下肢不明深船只 (453.50); 急性静脉栓塞和血栓 栓塞和血栓形成的未指定网站 (453.9); 出血,不明 (459.0) 其他肺栓塞和梗死 (415.19) MSH : Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Intermittent Pneumatic Compression Dev

11、ices ; Polysaccharides ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Risk Assessment ; Stockings, Compression ; Thromboembolism ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Venous Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis MSH的 出血 ; 肝素 肝素,低分子量 ; 间歇充气加压装置 ; 多糖 ; 肺栓塞 ; 风险评估 ; 长袜,压缩 ; 血栓 ; 溶栓治疗 静脉血栓栓塞 静脉血栓形成 MTH : Compression Stockings ; Deep Vein Thr

12、ombosis ; Fondaparinux sodium ; Hemorrhage ; Heparin ; Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight ; Polysaccharides ; Pulmonary Embolism ; Thromboembolism ; Venous Thrombosis 跖骨 : 压缩长袜 ; 深静脉血栓形成 ; 使用Fondaparinux钠 ; 出血 ; 肝素 , 肝素,低分子量 多糖 , 肺栓塞 , 血栓 静脉血栓形成 PDQ : fondaparinux sodium ; heparin ; thromboembolism ; thr

13、ombolytic therapy PDQ的 : 磺达 肝素 钠 ; ; 血栓 ; 溶栓治疗 SNOMEDCT : Deep venous thrombosis (128053003); Deep venous thrombosis (16750002); Fondaparinux sodium (385517000); Graduated compression elastic SNOMEDCT: 深静脉血栓形成 (128053003); 深静脉血栓形成 (16750002); 使用Fondaparinux钠 (385517000); 毕业于压缩弹性 molecular weight hep

14、arin (373294004); Low molecular weight heparin (87233003); Polysaccharide (71544008); Pulmonary embolism (59282003); Risk assessment (225338004); Thromboembolic disorder (13713005); Thromboembolic disorder (371039008); Thrombolytic therapy (426347000); Venous thrombosis (111293003) 低分子肝素 (373294004)

15、; 低分子量肝素 (87233003); 多糖 (71544008); 肺栓塞 (59282003); 风险评估 (225338004); 血栓栓塞性疾病 (13713005); 血栓栓塞性疾病 (371039008); 溶栓治疗 (426347000); 静脉血栓 (111293003) SPN : HEPARIN ; LEGGING, COMPRESSION, NON-INFLATABLE 的SPN: 肝素 的legging,压缩,非充气 UMD : Circulatory Assist Units, Peripheral Compression, Sequential, End-Dias

16、tolic (18-085); Stockings, Compression (13-789) UMD格式 : 循环辅助单元,外围压缩,连续,舒张末期 (18-085); 长袜,压缩 (13-789) Hide. 隐藏. View all guideline summaries by the developer(s): American College of Physicians由开发商(S)的所有指导方针摘要: 美国医师学院 View the original (full text) guideline 原准则(全文) (8 pages) (8页) Back to top 返回页首 Scop

17、e 范围 Disease/Condition(s) 疾病/条件(S) Venous thromboembolism, including:静脉血栓,包括: Pulmonary embolism (PE)肺栓塞(PE) Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)下肢深静脉血栓(DVT) Guideline Category 指引类别 Assessment of Therapeutic Effectiveness 评估治疗成效 Prevention 预防 Risk Assessment 风险评估 Clinical Specialty 临床专科 Cardiology 心脏病 Criti

18、cal Care 重症监护 Family Practice 家庭实践 Geriatrics 老年病学 Hematology 血液学 Internal Medicine 内科 Neurology 神经内科 Preventive Medicine 预防医学 Pulmonary Medicine 肺科 Intended Users 目标用户 Advanced Practice Nurses 高级实践护士 Hospitals 医院 Nurses 护士 Physician Assistants 助理医师 Physicians 医生 Guideline Objective(s) 目的指引(S) To pr

19、esent clinical recommendations on prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult hospitalized medical patients and patients with acute stroke, based on the available evidence on the benefits and harms of prophylaxis of VTE in these patient populations成人住院医疗患者和急性脑卒中患者VTE预防治疗的好处和危害,在这些患者人群提供证据的基

20、础上,提出预防静脉血栓(VTE)的临床建议 Target Population 目标人群 Adult hospitalized nonsurgical patients (medical patients and patients with acute stroke) who are at risk for venous thromboembolism成人住院静脉血栓风险的非手术治疗的患者(医疗患者与急性脑卒中患者) Interventions and Practices Considered 考虑干预措施和做法 1. Assessment of the risk for thromboemb

21、olism and bleeding prior to initiation of prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism血栓的风险评估和出血静脉血栓的预防开始前 2. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis:静脉血栓栓塞的预防: Low-dose low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH)低剂量低分子量肝素(LMWH) Low-dose unfractionated heparin (UFH)低剂量普通肝素(UFH) Related agents (eg, fondaparinux)相关剂(如磺达)

22、 Graduated compression stockings or other mechanical compression (not recommended)毕业压缩丝袜或其他机械压缩(不推荐) Major Outcomes Considered 考虑的主要结果 Total mortality up to 120 days after randomization总死亡率达120天之后随机 Incidence of symptomatic deep venous thrombosis (DVT)发病症状的下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT) Total incidence of pulmonary

23、 embolisms (PEs)肺动脉栓塞的总发病率(PES) Incidence of fatal PE致命性PE的发病率 Incidence of all bleeding events所有出血事件发生率 Incidence of major bleeding events (variably defined by trials, but typically defined as a decrease in hemoglobin level 20 g/L, transfusion of 2 units of blood, or life-threatening bleeding at a

24、critical site)主要出血事件发生率(可变定义的试验,但通常定义为血红蛋白水平下降 20 g / L的,在关键部位2个单位的血液,或危及生命的出血输血) Effects of mechanical prophylaxis on skin机械预防皮肤上的影响 Back to top 返回页首 Methodology 方法论 Methods Used to Collect/Select the Evidence 用来收集/选择证据的方法 Hand-searches of Published Literature (Primary Sources) 手工检索发表的文献(主要来源) Hand

25、-searches of Published Literature (Secondary Sources) 发表的文献手工检索(中学源) Searches of Electronic Databases 搜索的电子数据库 Description of Methods Used to Collect/Select the Evidence 描述的方法来收集/选择的证据 The systematic evidence review was conducted by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center (see the Availability

26、of Companion Documents field).明尼苏达循证实践中心(见“伴侣文件可用性”字段)系统的证据进行了审查。 The literature search included studies identified by using MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for clinical trials of venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis.文献检索包括通过MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆静脉血栓(VTE)预防的临床试验确定的研究。 The authors reviewed titles

27、and abstracts of identified references and used reference lists of pertinent randomized trials and systematic reviews to identify additional reports.提交审查确定引用的标题和摘要,并使用相关的随机对照试验和系统评价的参考名单,以确定其他报告。 The studies selected included English-language, randomized trials published between 1950 and April 2011.

28、该研究选取包括英语,1950年和2011年4月间发表的随机试验。 Included trials evaluated treatments that are commonly recommended and used to prevent VTE, including subcutaneous low-dose (20 000 U/d) unfractionated heparin (UFH) or similar prophylactic doses of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) or related agents (such as fonda

29、parinux) and graduated compression stockings or other mechanical measures (such as intermittent pneumatic compression).纳入试验进行评估,包括皮下低剂量普通肝素(UFH)(20 000 U / D)或类似的预防性剂量低分子量肝素(LMWH)或相关代理通常推荐用于预防VTE的治疗,(如磺达)和毕业加压袜或其他机械措施(如间歇充气加压)。 Number of Source Documents 数源文件 Not stated没有说明 Methods Used to Assess th

30、e Quality and Strength of the Evidence 用于评估证据的质量和强度的方法 Weighting According to a Rating Scheme (Scheme Given) 加权据评级计划(计划鉴于) Rating Scheme for the Strength of the Evidence 证据的证明力的评价计划 This guideline rates the evidence and recommendations by using the guideline grading system of the American College of

31、 Physicians (ACP), which is based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system (see the Rating Scheme for the Strength of the Recommendations field).本指引率的证据,并通过美国医师学院(ACP),这是建议的评估,开发和评价系统(一级)分级(见“评价计划的实力为基础的方针,分级制度的建议建议“栏)。 Methods Used to Analyze the Evid

32、ence 用来分析证据的方法 Systematic Review with Evidence Tables 系统性回顾与证据表 Description of the Methods Used to Analyze the Evidence 用来分析证据的方法说明 To guide the recommendations, the authors prioritized outcomes on the basis of clinical importance, starting with total mortality.指导建议,在临床上的重要性的基础上优先的结果,总死亡率开始。 In the absence of statistically significant effects on total mortality, the authors then weighted effects on all pulmonary

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