人教朗文英语8年级下册同步全解.docx

1、人教朗文英语8年级下册同步全解Unit 15 What do people eat? 单元目标1. 本单元围绕“什么国家的人经常吃什么”开展教学活动，介绍不同国家的饮食习惯，学习几十个食物名词。 2. 怎么处理家务，谁常处理家务。 3. 如何招待客人，及餐厅中的就餐程序。 4. 学习总结简单句的五种基本句型Part 1 要点精讲1both，either，neither的区别。both表示“两者都”，either表示“两者中任何一个”，nether表示“两者都不”。both作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。而either，neither作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。2. Help yoursel

2、f to some souphelp yourself to表示“自使，随意”的意思。help oneself在口语中是一个常用的短语，不少同学以为它只是一个含义“请随便吃”，其实它不仅仅这一个意思，在口语中它的含义可归纳以下几种：（1）用于招呼客人吃东西时，意为“请随便吃”、“别客气”等。Help yourself. 请随便吃。Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃些鱼吧。Help yourselves to the beef and chicken, children. 孩子们，请随便吃些牛肉和鸡肉。（2）表示客气地允许别人拿或使用某物，意为“请便”、“自己拿吧”

3、等。A: May I use your dictionary? 我可以用你的词典吗？B: Yes, help yourself. 可以，自己拿吧。A: Can I have a cold drink, Tom? 汤姆，我能喝杯冷饮吗？B: Of course, please help yourself. 当然，请自便。（3）表示随意取用和自由取食，有时也可用来表示擅自取用、偷窃。I felt terrible and didnt help myself to any food at the party. 在晚会上，我感觉不舒服，什么也没吃。There was no one in the roo

4、m at that time, so he helped himself to the money on the table, Im sure. 我相信，那时房里没有人，所以他就偷了桌子上的钱。3. Id love to, but Im afraid I cantId love to意为“我很乐意”，相当于Id like to，常用来作Would you like？的答语，其中的to不能省略。4. I like Chinese tea without anything in itwithout是介词，如果后面跟代词应该用宾格，如后面跟动词需用V-ing形式。without anything=

5、with nothing。5. They eat a lot of potatoesSo do wea lot of相当于often。So do we是so+助动词情态动词+主语表示“前面所说的情况也适用于另外的人或物”。时态要与前面的句子一致。Help oneself 的几种含义典型例题 【例1】He can do everything _. His parents love him very much.A. quickly B. slowly C. careful D. safe 【答案】 A【解析】 他做事情很快，他父母很喜欢他，修饰动词用副词，所以C，D不对，又根据意思，所以选A【例2

6、】From the small house came a girls _. A. voiceB. sound C. noise D. piano【答案】A 【解析】 女孩的声音，词义辨析，指人的声音用voice针对训练1. Whats he doing? _ he _ the window?No, he is closing the window.A. Is, opening B. Does, open C. Can , open D. Is, opens2. This cake is very delicious. May I have _ one?A. other B. the other

7、 C. another D. others3. My job is to feed pigs, but I think its _ than others.A. an interesting work B. a very interesting workC. a much more interesting work D. a more interesting job4. Bettys mother is ill. She _ stay at home and look after her.A. have to B. could C. must D. has to 5. September co

8、mes_ October.A. after B. before C. beside D. behind Part 2要点精讲简单句的五种基本句型一S+V这种句型有两种句式：1主语+谓语（不及物动词）例如：The baby can speak这个婴儿会说话了。2主语+谓语（不及物动词）+状语 例如：The children are playing happily孩子们正在高兴地玩。二S + V + O这种句型中的动词（V）为及物动词，宾语（O）常为名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等。例如：I want a ruler. 我想要一把尺子。They enjoy living in China他们喜欢住

9、在中国。I hope to go there soon我希望不久去那儿。三S + V + P这种句型中的动词为连系动词，表语（P）常为形容词、名词、代词、介词短语等。初中阶段常见的连系动词有be，get（变），become（变得），turn（变），look（看起来），feel， smell，taste，seem等。例如：Ann felt happy安感到很快乐。He is a student他是一名学生。The cat is in that tree猫在那棵树上。四S + V + InO + DO这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，指人的宾语称为间接宾语（InO），指物的宾语称为直接宾语（DO），

10、通常间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，但间接宾语前需用介词for或to。l与for连用的动词有buy，get，find，cook，make，sing，choose等。例如：My father bought me a story-book=My father bought a story-book for me我父亲给我买了一本故事书。2与to连用的动词give，bring，send，tell，teach，pass，return，take，lend等。例如：Please give me your penPlease give your pen to me请把你的钢笔给我。

11、3既可与for也可与to连用的动词有bring，do，leave，play，write等。例如：Please bring me the exercise-book tomorrow Please bring the exercise-book forto me tomorrow. 明天请把练习本给我带来。注意：若直接宾语是人称代词时，则必须将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：误：Give me it，please.正：Give it to me，please五S + V + O + OC这种句型的及物动词后的宾语还需跟上宾语补足语（OC）意思才完整，宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语。可用作宾语补足语的有

12、名词、形容词、动词不定式、现在分词、介词短语等。1后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词常用call，name，make，choose，think等。例如： We can call him Jim for short我们可以简称他为吉姆。2后跟形容词作宾语补足语的动词常用keep，make，find，get，think等。例如： We must keep our classroom clean我们必须保持我们的教室清洁。3动词不定式作宾语补足语有以下三种情况：后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词常用的有ask, tell, want, teach, wish, get等。例如：Mr. Hu asked u

13、s to talk about English name胡老师请我们谈谈英国人的名字。后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词可归纳为“一感（feel）”、“二听（listen to， hear）”、“三让（let，make，hay）”、“四看（see，look at，watch，notice）”。例如：Let me help you让我帮助你。I often see him play basketball on the playground. 我经常看到他在操场上打篮球。help后跟不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式既可带to也可不带to。例如：Children should often help

14、their parents（to）do some housework孩子们应经常帮父母干些家务活儿。4后跟现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常用feel，listen to，hear，see，look at，watch， notice，find，keep等。例如：We heard someone singing in the next room. 我们听到有人在隔壁唱歌。5后跟介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常用keep，find，take等。例如：We found him at school我们发现他在学校。典型例题【例1】Zhang Li didnt go to the park yesterday.

15、_ he stayed at home. A. ButB. AndC. Instead D. Because【答案】C【解析】 他昨天没去公园，相反他呆在家里，词义辨析，表转折【例2】 Thanks to the success of the business, we can _ to buy a new car this year. A. take B. get C. afford D. catch【答案】C【解析】 我们有能力承担去买一辆新车。词义辨析，有能力负担什么事针对训练1. Listen! I hear someone _ outside. A. to laugh B. laugh

16、 C. laughing D. to laughing2. My mother _ a new shirt for me tomorrow.A. buys B. is buying C. is buy D. is going to buy3. _ you speak English, _ your spoken English will be.A. The more, better B. More, the betterC. More, better D. The more , the better4. The two girls are shopping. And theres _ girl

17、. Shes reading under a tree. A. three B. the three C. a third D. third5. He _ right. But I cant agree with him.A. maybe B. may be C. cant D. may 中考链接( ) 1.（2009甘肃兰州）Now the air in our city is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A. very good B. much better C. rather bad D. even wo

18、rse【答案】 D( ) 2.（2009广州）We love to go to the country in spring as the flowers smell so . A. well B. nice C. wonderfully D. nicely【答案】 B( ) 3.（2009山东淄博）Oh. Im hungry. Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate?No. It tastes .A. terribly B. terrible C. good D. well【答案】 B( ) 4.（2009山东淄博）What do you thin

19、k of your English teacher?I love her. She is really . She always has a smile on her face.A. outgoing B. funny C. friendly D. serious【答案】 C( ) 5.（2009山东淄博）Tim, do you think time is money?Yes, but I think it is money.A. more important than B. very important asC. the same as D. not important as【答案】 A单元

20、检测 1. The workers have some_ the machine.A. problem mending B. problems mending C. problem to mend D. problems to mend2. I _think he_ come this week.A. am not, cant B. dont , is going to C. /, cant D. dont , cant 3. John thinks its _ to talk with you.A. very fun B. great fun C. so fun D. a great fun

21、 4. My parents often _ me _ the housework.A. let, do B. asks , doing C. make , to do D. gets , to do 5. A woman _ Zhang Jing puts her family name Zhang first.A. calls B. called C. call D. calling 6. _me, working is _ than all the other things.A. For, the most important B. To, important C. For, much

22、important D. To, more important7. The big truck can carry _ more apples than the small one. A. much B. very C. quite D. many 8. Its _ thing for me _ in the country. A. a exciting , to live B. the most excited, living C. an exciting , to live D. a very exciting, live9. The poor boy trips _ a stone an

23、d _ cry.A. at, starts B. over, start C. on, starts to D. over, starts to10. Miss Gao, with Mary _ going into the classroom.A. are B. is C. will D. were11. How is the old man?A. He is fifty. B. He is a doctor. C. He is much better. D. He is David.12. The pears here are cheap and the _ there are dear.

24、A. pear B. one C. ones D. the pears13 By the way, where are you going? _.A. Im going nowhere. B. Ive no idea. C. To Uncle Wangs D. Going swimming14. How about _ boating _ the river? A. go, on B. going , on C. to go, in D. going , in15. Tom is _ better than him at_.A. more , swim B. much , swimming C

25、. many, swimming D. most, to swim Unit 16 What a good,kind girl! 单元目标1 通过本单元的学习了解新的词汇，如across等2掌握情态动词的用法3学会so+主+助动词，表示同意对方所陈述的观点这个重要的句型Part 1 要点精讲1. Go across the bridge. You II find the library on the left.across是介词，是“横穿”的意思，表示某动作在物体表面进行。它的动词是cross，名词是crossing。2You cant miss it（1）miss在这里相当于no find或

26、not see，“未看见”的意思。（2）miss还相当于be late for或not catch，“错过”“没赶上”的意思。He missed the early bus yesterday morning.3Whats the matter?Whats the matter? 相当Whats wrong? 或Whats the trouble?4Ah，so it is该句结构为so+主+助动词，表示同意对方所陈述的观点，常译作“的确如此”或“可不是吗”。例如（l）He could sing some English songs when he was ten years old.So he

27、 could.（2）Its raining heavily outside.Ah, so it is.典型例题 【例1】_, he refused to cooperate with us.A. SurpriseB. Surprising C. Surprised D. To our surprise 【答案】 D【解析】 To ones surprise令某人惊奇【例2】When does the train reach the station? Please go and _.A. find it outB. find out it C. look for it D. find i【答案】

28、A 【解析】 Find out查找出来针对训练1. The boy _ the computer games. A. forgot himself in B. enjoyed himself forC. left himself in D. lost himself in2. We will have a sports meeting if it _ next week. A. doesnt rainB. wont rain C. no rains D. dont rain 3. Congratulations _ you _ passing the exam. A. to, in B. to, on C. to, at D. on, to4. The twins corrected the mistakes on the test papers _.A. them B. themselves C. him D. himself 5. Some of my classmates arent _ in Chinese. A. interest B. interested C. interesting D. interests