田静语法64课时讲义.docx

1、田静语法64课时讲义全真题演练第一部分 简单句第一章 简单句的核心第一节 简单句的核心构成1. 主谓 主语 不及物动词(vi.) Smaller species survived. (2006, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3) More apparent reasonableness followed. (2014,Reading Comprehension, PartA Text 1)2. 主谓宾 主语 及物动词(vt.) 宾语 Everybody loves a fat pay rise. (2005, Reading Comprehension

2、, PartA, Text1) Many students experience both varieties. (2011, Reading Comprehension, PartB) very few women have 15 children. (2000, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2) Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. (2003, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)3. 主谓双宾 主语 及物动词

3、(vt.) 两个宾语（人物） They gave justices permanent positions.(2012, Use of English) railroadscharged all customers the same average rate. (2003, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 3)4. 主谓宾补 主语 及物动词(vt.) 宾语 宾语的补足语（简称宾补） You always keep your eyes open.(2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text1) The spooks cal

4、l it open source intelligence,.(2003, Reading Comprehension,Part A Text 1)5. 主系表 主语 系动词 表语 This is a dangerous game. (2005, Reading Comprehension, PartA, Text2)考研真题中常出现的系动词，总结如下：系动词 表达含义 真题例句be 单独出现（无其他实义动词）“是”Anthropology is one of the social sciences.(2003, Translation)get/become/turn/go/grow“变得”

5、their behavior became markedly different.(2005, Reading Comprehension, PartA, Text1)look/sound/smell/taste/feel感官动词 “看/听/闻/尝/感觉起来”They look cute. (2005, Reading Comprehension,PartA, Text1)And most folks still feel pretty comfortableabout their ability.(2004, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 3)keep

6、/ remain/seemappear/prove“保持着” “似乎” “证明出，显示出”The prospect seems remote. (2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)Nonetheless, unification of sorts remains a major goal.(2012, Translation)真题演练：请用下划线标出谓语动词的部分，并判断谓语动词的种类及简单句的种类。1. our president calls himself the Decider. (2009, Reading Comprehension

7、, Part A Text 1)主谓宾补2. The humiliation continues. (2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)主谓3. The computer is the 21st centurys culture machine. (2012, Reading Comprehension, Part B)主系表4. poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. (2008, Translation)主谓双宾5. even the word “habit” carries a neg

8、ative implication. (2009, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)主谓宾第二节 简单句的核心变化一、 谓语动词的变化1. 谓语动词的时态“一般” 时态一般过去时：谓语动词 did（动词的过去式） Last year Japan experienced 2,125 incidents of school violence. (2000,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)6 this city was one of the largest human settlements in the world

9、. (2014,Reading Comprehension, Part B)一般现在时：谓语动词 do / does （动词的原形或第三人称单数） So far the results are inconclusive. (2009, Use of English) But most law graduates never get a big-firm job. (2014, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 2) Archaeologists commonly use computers to map sites and the landscapesarou

10、nd sites. (2014, Reading Comprehension, Part B) Today it makes almost no difference. (2000, Reading Comprehension, Part AText 2) Pearson also predicts a breakthrough in computer-human links. (2001,Translation)一般将来时：谓语动词 will + do 或 am / is / are going to + do We will have a less civil society. (2004

11、, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4) I dont know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.(2004, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 3) the problems will be different. (2002, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1) Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going tobe a

12、ble to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (2005,Translation)7（一般）过去将来时：谓语动词 would + do 或 was / were going to + do They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset thosein power .(2012, Use of English) it simply didn t foresee what would happen next. (2012, Readin

13、gComprehension, Part A Text 2) For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors was going tobe the next casualty.(2000, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)“进行”时态过去进行时：谓语动词 was / were + doing He was searching for tiny engraved seals. (2014, Reading Comprehension,Part B) Within two weeks

14、, he was talking for the first time with the board of HartfordFinancial Services Group. (2011, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)现在进行时：谓语动词 am / is / are + doing Home prices are holding steady in most regions. (2004, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 3) Every cat with an owneris running a small-s

15、cale study in operantconditioning. (2009, Use of English)8将来进行时：谓语动词 will be + doing（其中 be 动词永远用原形 be）过去将来进行时：谓语动词 would be + doing（其中 be 动词永远用原形 be）以上两种时态在考研真题当中，几乎不出现，建议考研的同学们不用掌握。“完成” 时态过去完成时：谓语动词 had + done He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth ofgambling. (2006,

16、 Reading Comprehension, Part B) The interviewers had ratedapplicants on a scale of one to five.(2013, Use ofEnglish) he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changedduring the preceding twenty or thirty years. (2008, Translation) Roman Catholicism had been the state religi

17、on. (2007, Use of English)现在完成时：谓语动词 have / has + done Timehas given them legitimacy. (2014, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text3) The ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become animportant issue recently.(2012, Use of English) For the most part, the response has been favorable. (201

18、1, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 1)9 Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success,and expansion abroad. (2010, Reading Comprehension, Part B) Families have also experienced changes these years. (2004, Use of English)将来完成时：谓语动词 will have + done relaxation will be in

19、front of smell-television, and digital age will havearrived. (2001, Translation)“完成进行”时态现在完成进行时：谓语动词 have / has been + doing角度相同 都表示“现在的之前”两种时态 现在完成时have/has + done现在完成进行时have/has been + doing强调不同 强调结果（做完与否都可以） 强调过程例句 We have not won the match. We have been working hard forseveral months. That kind

20、of electronic spying has been going on for decades. (2003, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 1) Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public. (2010,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)10过去完成进行时：谓语动词 had been + doing将来完成进行时：谓语动词 will have been + doing以上两种在考研真题中没有出现过，不用掌握。真题演练：请用

21、下划线标出谓语动词的部分，并判断谓语动词的时态及时态表达的含义。1. A received one for its “one-click” online payment system. (2010,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)2. insects would eat us up ifbirds failed to control them.(2010, Translation)3. I am going to suggest that it is not true. (2006, Translation)4. We will become a se

22、cond-rate country. (2004, Reading Comprehension, Part AText 4)5. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders.(2006, Use of English)6. Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. (2008, ReadingComprehension, Part A Text 1)7. A growing number of researchers and or

23、ganisations are now thinkingseriously about that question. (2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)8. Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market.(2000,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 1)119. By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had becomeindependent nat

24、ions. (2007, Use of English)10. Americans life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century. (2003,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 4)11. This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the socialsciences too. (2012, Translation)12. for a century, past conditions of life have

25、 been conditionally speeding up.(2000, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)2. 谓语动词的情态考研中常出现的情态动词如下：现在时 过去时must 无can Couldwill Wouldshall（考研真题中不常出现） Shouldmay Might以上几个情态动词详细用法如下：情态 含义 真题例句12动词must “必须” we must also tread with caution. (2012, Reading Comprehension, Part B) Scientists must communicat

26、e their message to thepublic in a compassionate, understandable way.(2003, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)cancould“ 能 够 可以” and the right mental workoutscan significantlyimprove our basic cognitive functions.(2014, Use ofEnglish) Similarly, the physical act of laughter could improvemood.(2011,

27、 Use of English)willwould“ 愿 意 将要”（表示“将要”时常用于将来时态） Will you marry me? The first draft will appear on the page. (2008,Reading Comprehension, Part B) Potential home buyerswould cheer for lower interestrates. (2004, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)maymight“ 可 以 可能” expressionsmay influence emotion

28、s rather than justthe other way around.(2011, Use of English) Such bodily reaction might conceivably helpmoderate the effects of psychological stress.(2011,Use of English)should “应该” America should follow. (2014, Reading Comprehensi13on, Part A Text 2) Those suffering from persistent nightmares shou

29、ldseek help from a therapist. (2005, ReadingComprehension, PartA, Text3)除了表示“情绪和态度”之外，每一个情态动词都能表示推测： The details may be unknowable. (2010, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text4) Such searches can take years. (2014, Reading Comprehension, Part B) this loss of mental focus can potentially have a damagin

30、g impact on ourprofessional, social, and personalwellbeing. (2014, Use of English)情态动词的用法变体： the peculiar way of conducting the experiments may have led to misleadinginterpretation of what happened.(2010, Use of English) Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. (2006, ReadingComprehen

31、sion, Part A Text 3)真题演练：请用下划线标出谓语动词的部分，并找到情态动词，写出含义。1. Could it really be that simple? (2013, Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 2)142. Employers wouldnt mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. (2004,Reading Comprehension, Part A Text 3)3. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the le