poultry glossary.docx

1、poultry glossaryGLOSSARY OF POULTRY TERMSA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZABA - American Bantam AssociationAbdomen腹部 - area between the keel and the pubic (hip) bonesAbdominal capacity - the distance between the two public bones (width) and between the pubic bones and the tip of th

2、e keel (depth)Air cell气囊 - the air space between the two shell membranes, usually at the large end of the eggAlbumen蛋白 - the white of the eggAlektorophobia恐鸡症 - the fear of chickensAllantois lntis 尿囊- a sac囊 connected to the embryos abdomen and involved in embryo respirationAmnion羊膜 - a sac surround

3、ing the embry filled with amniotic fluid which protects the developing embryo from shock and provides a medium for the develop embryo to exercise their musclesAnatomy - the structure systems of an animal (skeletal, muscular, digestive, etc.)Anthelmintic nthelmntk 驱虫剂- medication given to treat a bir

4、d with internal parasitesAntibiotic - a chemical produced by a microorganism or fungi and used to destroy or inhibit the growth of bacteria and other microorganismsAntibody - a natural substance in the blood that recognizes and destroys foreign invaders and that causes an immune response to vaccinat

5、ion or infectionAntigen抗原 - a foreign protein in the blood that differs from natural body proteins and, as a result, stimulates the natural production of antibodiesAOSB - any other standard breedAPA - American Poultry AssociationAscites腹水 - accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavityAs hatched - d

6、escription of a group of chicks that have not been sortedAves - a class of animals composed of birdsAvian - pertaining to birdsAviary 鸟笼、鸟舍- a large enclosure for holding birds in confinement监禁、限制;Aviculture - the science of birdsAxial feather - the short wing feather located between the primary and

7、 secondary flight feathersBanding - putting a tag or band with identification on it to the wing or leg of a birdBantam - a chicken breed that is one third to one half the size of a standard breed.Banti - a non-technical term sometimes used to mean bantamBarbicels - tiny hooks that hold a feathers we

8、b togetherBarring - alternate markings of two distinct colors on a featherBay - light golden brown in colorBeak - the hard protruding mouth part of a bird consisting of an uper and a lower partBeard - the feathers bunched together under the beak of some breeds of chickens; coarse hairs protruding fr

9、om the breast of turkeysBedding - material scattered on the floor of a poultry house to absorb moisture and manure (also called litter)Biddy - a non-technical term for a laying hen that is over one year of ageBill - the beak of waterfowlBilling out - the act of chickens using their beaks to scoop fe

10、ed out of a feeder and onto the floorBiosecurity - disease prevention programBlade - the lower, smooth part of a single combBleaching - the disappearance of the color from the vent, face and shanks of yellow-skinned chickensBlood spot - blood in an eggBloom - the moist protective coating on a freshl

11、y laid eggs that partially seals the pores of the egg shell to prevent penetration by bacteria (also called the cuticle)Blowout - when there is vent damage, typically caused by laying a very large egg (also referred to as a prolapse)Blue - slate gray feather colorBooted - having feathers on the shan

12、ks (legs) and toesBreast blister - enlarged, discolored area on the breast or keel bone often seen in heavy birdsBreed - a group of chickens having a distinctive body shape and the same general features; aslo a term used when group male and female birds for matingBroiler - a meat-type chickenBrood -

13、 to care for a batch of chicksBrooder - a devise used to provide warmth to young chicksBroody - a hen that is sitting on eggs with the intent of hatching themBuff - orange-yellow color in feathers that is not shiny or brassyCandle - to examine the contents of an intact egg with the use of a lightCan

14、dler - light used to examine the contents of an egg without breaking it openCandling - using a candler to check the contents of an eggCannibalism同类相食 - when poultry eat the flesh of fellow flock matesCape - narrow feathers between a chickens neck and backCapon - a castrated male chicken (requires su

15、rgery since the reproductive organs are internalCarrier - an apparently healthy bird that can transmit a disease to others; also refers to a container to transport birdsCaruncle - brightly colored growths on the throat region of turkeys and the face of muscovy ducksCecum - a blind隐蔽的 pouch at the ju

16、nction of the small and large intestines that hosts a community of microorganisms that can ferment (digest) fiber (plural = ceca)Chalza - two white cords of tightly spun albumen (egg white) found on either side of the yolk and important in keeping the yolk properly positioned within the egg (plural

17、= chalazae)Chick - young (baby) chickenChicken tractor - a portable pen for chickens on pastureChick tooth - a tiny, hard projection on the beak of a newly hatched chick that was used by the chick to break the shell to hatch (also called an egg tooth)Chook - an Australian term for chicken that has b

18、een used in the US for chickens in a small flockChorion - a membrane the surrounds the yolk sac and amnionClass - a group of chicken breeds that were originally developed in a particular region of the world (e.g. American, Asiatic, Mediterranean)Clean legged - having no feathers on the shanks or toe

19、sCloaca - the portion of the avian anatomy where the intestinal, reproductive and urinary tracts endClubbed down - a condition where the down feathers do not erupt from their feather sheath resulting in a coil-like appearanceCluck - sound a hen makes after laying an eggClutch - a group of eggs or ch

20、icksCock - adult male chicken (also referred to as a rooster) or an adult male pigeonCockerel - immature male chickenCoccidia - protozoan intestinal parasiteCoccidiosis - a parasitic infection (coccidia) in the intestinal tract of poultryCoccidiostat - a drug used to keep poultry from getting coccid

21、iosisColiform - any bacteria resembling Escherichia coli Comb - the fleshy red outgrowth on the top of a chickens headCondition - typically refers to a chickens state of health and cleanlinessConformation - refers to the body structure of poultryConjunctiva - mucus membrane covering the eyeballConju

22、nctivitis - infection of the conjunctivaContagious - disease that is easily passed from one bird to anotherContract grower - a farmer that grows chickens, under contract, for a broiler companyCoop - the house or cage in which poultry are housedcoverts - feathers that cover the primary and secondary

23、wing featherscrest - ball of feathers on the heads of some breeds of chickens and geesecrop - enlarged part of the digestive tract of birds that serves as a temporary storage space of foodCrossbred - the offspring of parents from different varieties or breedsCrumbles - a poultry feed that has been p

24、elleted and then the pellets broken upCuckoo - a course and irregular barring pattern in feathersCull - to remove a bird from the flock because of productivity, age, health or personality issuesCuticle - the moist protective coating on a freshly laid eggs that partially seals the pores of the egg sh

25、ell to prevent penetration by bacteria (also called the bloom)Culture - incubating a sample from a diseased bird to look for the presence of bacteriaCushion - mass of feathers that gives a round effect seen in female cochinsCygnet - young (baby) swanDefect - any characteristic that makes a chicken l

26、ess than perfectDepopulate - to destroy an entire flockDewlap - the flap of skin below the beak of turkeys and some geeseDisinfect - kill bacteria through chemical meansDisqualification - a defect or deformity serious enough to bar a bird from a poultry showDown - a layer of feathers found under the

27、 tough exterior feathersDrake - an adult male duckDressed - cleaned in preparation for eating (feathers and guts removed)Droppings - another term for chicken manureDub - to surgically remove a birds comb and wattles close to the headDuck foot - a disqualification of chickens where the hind toe is ca

28、rried too far forward and touches the third toe or is carried too far back and touches the groundDuckling - a young (baby) duckDuodenal loop - the upper part of the small intestine (also referred to as the duodenum)Dry-bulb thermometer - used to determine the temperature in a room or incubatorDust b

29、ath - the habit of chickens to splash around in soft soil to clean their feathers and discourage external parasitesEar lobes - the flesh patch of bare skin located below the ears of birdsEctoparasite - an external parasiteEgg tooth - a tiny, hard projection on the beak of a newly hatched chick that

30、was used by the chick to break the shell to hatch (also called a chick tooth)Electrolytes - a mineral solution used to treat dehydrationEmbryo - the developing cihick in an eggEmbryology - the study of the formation and development of embryosEncephalitis - inflammation of the brainEndoparasite - an

31、internal parasiteEnteric - affecting the intestinesEnteritis - inflammation of the intestinesEsophagus - the portion of the digestive tract that moves from the mouth to the stomachEtiology - causes of a diseaseEvaporation - changing a liquid into vaporExudate - fluid associated with an inflammation

32、or swellingExudative diathesis - accumulation of fluid (exudate) under the skin or around the heartFaking - the dishonest practice of concealing a defect or disqualification from a potential buyer or a show judgeFeather-legged - a description of those breeds of chickens with feathers growing down their shanksFecal - pertaining to the fecesFeces - droppings/manureFeral - wild, untamedFertile - an egg that is f