自考英语二教材课文讲义unit.docx

1、自考英语二教材课文讲义unitUnit 1 The Power of LanguageI. New words and expressionsNew words1. critical adj.有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的2. non-fiction n.纪实文学3. position n.观点；态度；立场4. statement n.说明；说法；表态5. ?question ?v. 表示疑问；怀疑out of question / out of the question6. evaluate v.估计；评价；评估7. context n.事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉8. ?value?

2、n. values pl. 是非标准；价值观valuableinvaluable=pricelessvalueless9. represent? v. 描述；表现representative adj./n.10. assertion n.明确肯定；断言11. sufficient?adj .? 足够的；充足的sufficiencyinsufficient12. statistic n. statistics pl. 统计数字；统计资料13. integrate v.（使）合并，成为一体14. authority?n. 专家；学术权威；泰斗an/the authority on sth.auth

3、orize15. compare? v. 比较；对比compare A with Bcompare A to B 16. subject n. 主题；题目；题材17. consistent adj.相符的；符合的18. inconsistency n.不一致19. assumption n.假定；假设20. case ?n. 具体情况；事例in casein case of firein case that a case in pointconfirmed/suspected cases21. directly adv.直接地；径直地22.identify v. 找到；发现23.valid?

4、adj. 符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的invalid24.credible? adj. 可信的；可靠的incredible=unbelievable25. landmark n.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑26. relevant? adj. 紧密相关的；切题的relevancy n.关联；恰当irrelevant27. current adj.现时发生的；当前的28. appropriate?adj. 合适的；恰当的inappropriateIts (not) appropriate that29. bias n. 偏见；偏心；偏向30. considerably?adv. 非常；很；相当多地co

5、nsiderconsideringconsiderableconsiderateconsideration31.Democrat n. （美国） 民主党党员，民主党支持者民32.Republican n. （美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者33.reflect v. 显示；表明；表达34.informed ?adj. 有学问的；有见识的well-informedill-informedPhrases and Expressions1.apply to 使用；应用2.put forth 提出；产生3.take into account 考虑到；顾及4.accept/take at face val

6、ue 相信表面；信以为真II. Text LearningCritical Reading1?(1) Critical reading? applies to ?non-fiction writing? in which?the author? puts forth a position ?or seeks to make astatement.? Critical reading is active reading. It involves morethan just (不只是，不仅仅是) understanding what an author is saying. Critical re

7、ading involves questioning and evaluating what the author is saying, and forming your own opinions about what the author is saying.?Here are the things you should do to be a critical reader. (启下句)本部分重点及难点：1.Critical reading? applies to ?non-fiction writing ?in which ?the author ?puts forth a positio

8、n ?or seeks to make a statement.apply to sb./sth.= be applicable to sb./sth.apply 的派生词： application, applicant, applicable2?Consider the context of what is written . You may be readingsomething that was written by an author from a different cultural context? than ?yours.? (2)Or, you may be reading s

9、omethingwritten? some time ?ago in a different time context than yours.?(3)In either case, you must recognize and take into account any differences between your values and attitudes and those represented by the author.?本部分重点及难点：2.Or, you may be reading something written? some time ?ago in adifferent

10、 time context than yours.some time注意区分： sometime / sometimes / some times3.?In either case , you must recognize and? take into account ?any differences between your? values andattitudes ?and?those ?represented by the author. 不论哪种情况，你 必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。those 是代词，代替前面的复数名词 values and att

11、itudes 。代替可数名 词单数或不可数名词用 that 。例如：The students in your class are more hard-working than those in his class.The values of the young people differ from those of their elders.Your voice is more beautiful that that of your classmates.The price of that book is higher than that of this one.请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识

12、点测评的成绩！【单选题】 1. The necklace her sister is wearing is much morebeautiful than worn by Mary.【答案】 B【解析】本题考查指代词 those/that 的用法。英语句子中为了避免重复 常使用代词代替前面出现过的名词。代替前面的复数名词用 those ；代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用 that 。本句中空格处要填的词代替代替单数 可数名词 necklace ，故选 A。此处 that 也可以换成 the one 。知识点】指代词 those/that 的用法3?Question assertions made

13、 by the author . Dont accept what iswritten? at face value . Before accepting what is written, be certain that the author provides sufficient support for any assertions made.?Look for facts, examples, and statistics that provide support. （承上句） Also, look to see if the author has integrated the work

14、of authorities.4?Compare what is written with other written work on the subject. ?（4）Look to see that what is written is consistent with what others have written about the subject.?If there are inconsistencies, carefully evaluate the support the author provides for the inconsistencies. （承上句）本部分重点及难点

15、：4.Look to see that what is written? is consistent with ?what othershave written about the subject.be consistent with 与一致consist ?vi. 组成（ of ）；在于（ in ）；符合（ with ）The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这和你先前告This doesnt cons

16、ist with what you told me earlier. 诉我的不符合。consist 的派生词： consistent, inconsistent, consistency, inconsistency请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！【单选题】 2. To tell you the truth, I really hope that your actions will consist your words this time.【答案】 D【解析】本题考查 consist 的用法。consist of 意为 由组成 ；consist in 意为在于 ； consist

17、with 意为与一致 ，故选 D。 consist at 不存在。该句的意思是 说实话，我真希望这次你的言行能一致 。知识点】 consist 的用法5Analyze assumptions made by the author . (5)Assumptionsare? whatever ?the author must believe? is true ?in order to makeassertions. In many cases, the authors assumptions are not directly stated.?This means you must read car

18、efully in order to identify any assumptions. (承上启下句) Once you identify an assumption, you must decide whether or not the assumption is valid.6Evaluate the sources the author uses . In doing this, be certain that the sources are credible. For example, Einstein is a credible source if the author is wr

19、iting about landmark achievements in physics. Also be certain that the sources are relevant.?Einstein is not a relevant source when the subject is poetry. (承上句) ?Finally if the author is writing about a subject in its current state, be sure that the sources are current (启下句) . For example, studiesdo

20、ne by Einstein in the early 20th century may not be appropriate if the writer is discussing the ?current state of knowledge inphysics .7Identify any possible author bias .? (6)A written discussion ofAmerican politics will likely ?look considerably different depending on whether the writer is a Democ

21、rat or a Republican.?(7)What is written may very well reflect? a biased position . You need to take this possible bias into account when reading what the author haswritten with a grain of salt.8?By being a critical reader, you will become?better informed ?and may?change your views as appropriate .本部

22、分重点及难点：5.Assumptions are? whatever the author must believe is true ?in order to make assertions.whatever 引导的是表语从句，不能换成 no matter what 。名词性从句（主 语，宾语，表语，同位语从句）中， 疑问词 ever 不能换成 no matter+ 疑问词 ，状语从句中可以换用。例如：Whoever comes to our party is welcome. （不能换成 no matter who）He will lend a helping hand to whoever

23、 needs his help. （ 不能换 ）He will buy whatever his son wants. （不能换）Whatever you do, I will support you. （ 能换成 no matter what ）6.A written discussion of American politics will? likely ?lookconsiderably different depending on whether the writer is a Democrat or a Republican.likely 在该句中是副词likely adj. / a

24、dv.be likely to do sth.利润极可Its likely that a likely resultProfit will most likely have risen by about ?2 million.能增加 200 万英镑左右。（副词）likely 的派生词： unlikely, likelihood 。 例如：The likelihood of infection is minimal. 感染的可能性极小。7.a biased position.What is written may very well reflect?a biased position be bi

25、ased to/toward(s)/against反义词： unbiasedIII. 部分练习讲解P111 Bridging the GapDirections: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You may choose a suitable one from the list given.解题方法 ：把词分类动词名词形容词副词defineactionpowerfulinternallyexpresstearspersonalshapeshapegoodrespondto

26、Language is one of the things that sets us apart as beings, one of the things that essentially?1? defines us as humans. When language is used well it can elicit very deep feeling in others, motivate others to?2? action and define the nature of our relationships.Sometimes in poetry the juxtaposition

27、（并列）of two words or a certain phrase can bring?3 tears to the eyes, call up a whole host of imagery and move us deeply. We have seen language recently used in the politics of persuasion, used for?4? goodor ill - depending on yourviewpoint. When we use language to?5? express our true feelings to some

28、one it can open and deepen the connection between us. Language is a very?6? powerful tool. How we use language shapes our world both?7 ?internally and externally. How you use self-talk - what you say to yourself about yourself and about the world directly?8? shapes （塑造，使成形） ?your experience of both

29、yourself and the world.How you deliver communication shapes the way the world?9? responds?to you. We can use language more effectively in both spheres: internal and external and directly influence the health and power of our?10 ?personal relationships and our business relationships.I.New words and e

30、xpressionsNew words1.confidence ?n. 自信心；把握相关词： confidentbe confident of sb. / sth.have / lose confidence in sb. / sth.注意比较： confident / confidential2.program v. 训练；培养3.mastery n. 控制；驾驭4.destiny n. 命运；天命；天数5.dramatically adv. 巨大地；惊人地；显着地6. quality n.质量；品质7. subconscious adj. 下意识的；潜意识的8. please v.使满意；

31、使愉快9. command n.（给人或动物的）命令10. knowingly adv. 故意地；蓄意地11. impact n.巨大影响；强大作用12. matter v.事关紧要；有重大影响13. confident adj. 自信的；有自信心的14. sense n. (对重大事情的） 感觉，意识15. eliminate?v. 排除；清除；消除eliminate all grammatical mistakesbe eliminated in the first round16.disempower ?v. 剥夺；使失去权利；剥夺力量注意构词法： dis （表示否定） +em（使，赋予） +poweren- / em- 常见的动词前缀，如： enable, enrich, endanger, enlarge 等。empower v. 授权，赋予权利17.self-esteem n. 自尊（心）18.limi