自考英语二教材课文讲义unit.docx

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自考英语二教材课文讲义unit.docx

自考英语二教材课文讲义unit

Unit1ThePowerofLanguage

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.criticaladj.

有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的

2.non-fictionn.

纪实文学

3.positionn.

观点；态度；立场

4.statementn.

说明；说法；表态

5.?

question?

v.表示疑问；怀疑

outofquestion/outofthequestion

6.evaluatev.

估计；评价；评估

7.contextn.

事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉

8.?

value?

n.values[pl.]是非标准；价值观

valuable

invaluable=priceless

valueless

9.represent?

v.描述；表现

representativeadj./n.

10.assertionn.

明确肯定；断言

11.sufficient?

adj.?

足够的；充足的

sufficiency

insufficient

12.statisticn.statistics[pl.]统计数字；统计资料

13.integratev.

（使）合并，成为一体

14.authority?

n.专家；学术权威；泰斗

an/theauthorityonsth.

authorize

15.compare?

v.比较；对比

compareAwithB

compareAtoB16.subjectn.主题；题目；题材

17.consistentadj.

相符的；符合的

18.inconsistencyn.

不一致

19.assumptionn.

假定；假设

20.case?

n.具体情况；事例

incase

incaseoffire

incasethat⋯

acaseinpoint

confirmed/suspectedcases

21.directlyadv.

直接地；径直地

22.identifyv.找到；发现

23.valid?

adj.符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的

invalid

24.credible?

adj.可信的；可靠的

incredible=unbelievable

25.landmarkn.

（标志重要阶段的）里程碑

26.relevant?

adj.紧密相关的；切题的

relevancyn.

关联；恰当

irrelevant

27.currentadj.

现时发生的；当前的

28.appropriate

adj.合适的；恰当的

inappropriate

It's（not）appropriatethat

29.biasn.偏见；偏心；偏向

30.considerably

adv.非常；很；相当多地

consider

considering

considerable

considerate

consideration

31.Democratn.（美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民

32.Republicann.（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者

33.reflectv.显示；表明；表达

34.informed?

adj.有学问的；有见识的

well-informed

ill-informed

PhrasesandExpressions

1.applyto使用；应用

2.putforth提出；产生

3.take⋯intoaccount考虑到；顾及

4.accept/take⋯atfacevalue相信表面；信以为真

II.TextLearning

CriticalReading

（1）Criticalreading?

appliesto?

non-fictionwriting?

inwhich?

theauthor?

putsforthaposition?

orseekstomakea

statement.?

Criticalreadingisactivereading.Itinvolvesmore

thanjust（不只是，不仅仅是）understandingwhatanauthorissaying.Criticalreadinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyourownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying.?

Herearethethingsyoushoulddotobeacriticalreader.（启下句）

本部分重点及难点：

1.Criticalreading?

appliesto?

non-fictionwriting?

inwhich?

theauthor?

putsforthaposition?

orseekstomakeastatement.

applytosb./sth.=beapplicabletosb./sth.

apply的派生词：

application,applicant,applicable

Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten.Youmaybereading

somethingthatwaswrittenbyanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontext?

than?

yours.?

（2）Or,youmaybereadingsomething

written?

sometime?

agoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.?

（3）Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.?

本部分重点及难点：

2.Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwritten?

sometime?

agoina

differenttimecontextthanyours.

sometime

注意区分：

sometime/sometimes/sometimes

3.?

Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeand?

takeintoaccount?

anydifferencesbetweenyour?

valuesand

attitudes?

and?

those?

representedbytheauthor.不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。

those是代词，代替前面的复数名词valuesandattitudes。

代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。

例如：

Thestudentsinyourclassaremorehard-workingthanthoseinhisclass.

Thevaluesoftheyoungpeopledifferfromthoseoftheirelders.

Yourvoiceismorebeautifulthatthatofyourclassmates.

Thepriceofthatbookishigherthanthatofthisone.

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】1.Thenecklacehersisteriswearingismuchmore

beautifulthanwornbyMary.

【答案】B

【解析】本题考查指代词those/that的用法。

英语句子中为了避免重复常使用代词代替前面出现过的名词。

代替前面的复数名词用those；代替

可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。

本句中空格处要填的词代替代替单数可数名词necklace，故选A。

此处that也可以换成theone。

知识点】指代词those/that的用法

Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor.Don'tacceptwhatis

written?

atfacevalue.Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade.?

Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport.（承上句）Also,looktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedtheworkofauthorities.

Comparewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject.?

（4）Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.?

Ifthereareinconsistencies,carefullyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesfortheinconsistencies.（承上句）

本部分重点及难点：

4.Looktoseethatwhatiswritten?

isconsistentwith?

whatothers

havewrittenaboutthesubject.

beconsistentwith与⋯⋯一致

consist?

vi.组成（of）；在于（in）；符合（with）

TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.

Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.

这和你先前告

Thisdoesn'tconsistwithwhatyoutoldmeearlier.诉我的不符合。

consist的派生词：

consistent,inconsistent,consistency,inconsistency

请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！

【单选题】2.Totellyouthetruth,Ireallyhopethatyouractionswillconsistyourwordsthistime.

【答案】D

【解析】本题考查consist的用法。

consistof意为"由⋯⋯组成"；consistin意为"在于"；consistwith意为"与⋯⋯一致"，故选D。

consistat不存在。

该句的意思是"说实话，我真希望这次你的言行能一致"。

知识点】consist的用法

5Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor.（5）Assumptions

are?

whatever?

theauthormustbelieve?

istrue?

inordertomake

assertions.Inmanycases,theauthor'sassumptionsarenotdirectlystated.?

Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyanyassumptions.（承上启下句）Onceyouidentifyanassumption,youmustdecidewhetherornottheassumptionisvalid.

6Evaluatethesourcestheauthoruses.Indoingthis,becertainthatthesourcesarecredible.Forexample,Einsteinisacrediblesourceiftheauthoriswritingaboutlandmarkachievementsinphysics.Alsobecertainthatthesourcesarerelevant.?

Einsteinisnotarelevantsourcewhenthesubjectispoetry.（承上句）?

Finallyiftheauthoriswritingaboutasubjectinitscurrentstate,besurethatthesourcesarecurrent（启下句）.Forexample,studies

donebyEinsteinintheearly20thcenturymaynotbeappropriateifthewriterisdiscussingthe?

currentstateofknowledgein

physics.

7Identifyanypossibleauthorbias.?

（6）Awrittendiscussionof

Americanpoliticswilllikely?

lookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.?

（7）Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect?

abiasedposition.Youneedtotakethispossiblebiasintoaccountwhenreadingwhattheauthorhas

writtenwith"agrainofsalt."

Bybeingacriticalreader,youwillbecome?

betterinformed?

andmay?

changeyourviewsasappropriate.

本部分重点及难点：

5.Assumptionsare?

whatevertheauthormustbelieveistrue?

inordertomakeassertions.

whatever引导的是表语从句，不能换成nomatterwhat。

名词性从句（主语，宾语，表语，同位语从句）中，"疑问词ever"不能换成"nomatter+疑问词"，状语从句中可以换用。

例如：

Whoevercomestoourpartyiswelcome.（不能换成nomatterwho⋯）

Hewilllendahelpinghandtowhoeverneedshishelp.（不能换）

Hewillbuywhateverhissonwants.（不能换）

Whateveryoudo,Iwillsupportyou.（能换成nomatterwhat⋯）

6.AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswill?

likely?

look

considerablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.

likely在该句中是副词

likelyadj./adv.

belikelytodosth.

利润极可

It'slikelythatalikelyresult

Profitwillmostlikelyhaverisenbyabout?

2million.

能增加200万英镑左右。

（副词）

likely的派生词：

unlikely,likelihood。

例如：

Thelikelihoodofinfectionisminimal.感染的可能性极小。

abiasedposition.

Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect?

abiasedpositionbebiasedto/toward（s）/against

反义词：

unbiased

III.部分练习讲解

P111BridgingtheGap

Directions:

Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.

解题方法：

把词分类

动词

名词

形容词

副词

define

action

powerful

internally

express

tears

personal

shape

good

respond

Languageisoneofthethingsthatsetsusapartasbeings,oneofthethingsthatessentially?

definesusashumans.Whenlanguageisusedwellitcanelicitverydeepfeelinginothers,motivateothersto?

actionanddefinethenatureofourrelationships.

Sometimesinpoetrythejuxtaposition（并列）oftwowordsoracertainphrasecanbring?

3tearstotheeyes,callupawholehostofimageryandmoveusdeeply.Wehaveseenlanguagerecentlyusedinthepoliticsofpersuasion,usedfor?

goodorill-dependingonyour

viewpoint.Whenweuselanguageto?

expressourtruefeelingstosomeoneitcanopenanddeepentheconnectionbetweenus.Languageisavery?

powerfultool.Howweuselanguageshapesourworldboth?

internallyandexternally.Howyouuseself-talk-whatyousaytoyourselfaboutyourselfandabouttheworlddirectly?

shapes（塑造，使成形）?

yourexperienceofbothyourselfandtheworld.

Howyoudelivercommunicationshapesthewaytheworld?

responds?

toyou.Wecanuselanguagemoreeffectivelyinbothspheres:

internalandexternalanddirectlyinfluencethehealthandpowerofour?

10?

personalrelationshipsandourbusinessrelationships.

I.Newwordsandexpressions

Newwords

1.confidence?

n.自信心；把握