牛津上海版 九年级第一学期Unit5 The human brain语法综合讲解与复习.docx

1、牛津上海版 九年级第一学期Unit5 The human brain语法综合讲解与复习U5 The human brain语法综合一、专题导入课文知识点对应语法点课文例句if sentences:actions with definite results主句动作/状态是确切结果的条件状从If you stick a pin into a balloon, it bursts.if sentences:actions with possible results主句动作/状态是可能结果的条件状从If you use the link method, you will improve your me

2、mory.Using if not and unlessif.not与unless的句型转换Unless you keep ice cream in a freezer, it melts.= If you dont keep ice cream in a freezer, it melts.二、专题详解状语从句基本知识1、概念I study hard in the library. (修饰动词) She is very beautiful.（修饰形容词）He speaks English very well. (修饰副词)Please come here tomorrow.（修饰整个句子）I

3、 studied very hard when I was in grade 9. (when引导的句子表时间，修饰前面的句子)If you study hard, you may pass the exam. (If引导的句子表条件，修饰后面的句子)由以上例句可见：状语相当于副词，用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、地点、程度等；状语从句是在复合句中充当状语的一个句子，用来表示主句动作发生的时间、地点、原因、条件等。2、分类(1)When the cat is away, the mice will play. 山中无老虎，猴子称大王。(2)Where there is

4、 a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。(3)If you venture nothing, you will have nothing. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。(4)Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。(5)I studies hard because I want to be admitted to Shanghai High School. 我努力学习因为我想被上海中学录取(6)I studies hard so that I can be admitted to Shanghai High School. 我努力学习因为我想被上海中学录取

5、(7)I studied so hard those days that I was admitted to Shanghai High School finally. 那些日子我学得如此努力，最终我被上海大学录取了。(8)Though he studied hard, he failed to pass the exam. 尽管他学得很努力，他还是没通过考试。(9)Theworkdidntgososmoothlyasweexpected. 这项工作不像我们预期的那样进展顺利。由以上例句可见，状语从句可分为：条件状语从句if引导的句子在复合句中表示条件，作主句的条件状语，因此称为条件状语从句。

6、译为“假如，如果”。e.g. You will never win if you lose you heart.If you cool water, it turns into ice.if引导的条件状语从句位置灵活：可置于主句之前，此时需用逗号将主从句隔开；也可置于主句之后，此时不用逗号。1、主句动作/状态是确切结果的条件状语从句当条件状语从句所表示的动作发生后，顺推可知，一定会引出主句所表示的动作/状态，则主从句时态遵循一致原则，通常为主现从现。e.g. If you do not give plants water, they die. If you plants seeds in so

7、il, they grow. If you take a fish out of water, it dies. 如果把鱼从水里抓出来，它会死。2、主句动作/状态是可能结果的条件状语从句当条件状语从句所表示的动作发生后，主句的动作/状态不确定，则主从句时态遵循：主将从现、主情从现、主祈从现、主过从过e.g. If you dont get up right now, You will be late for school. 如果你不马上起床, 你上学就要迟到了。 You can understand what Im saying if you listen to me clearly. 如果你

8、仔细听，你会听懂我在说什么的。 If we want light, we must conquer darkness. 我们若想要光明，就得征服黑暗。 If love between the two can last for long, why need they stay together day and night. 两情若是长久时，又岂在朝朝暮暮。 Dont get so close to the TV if you want to protect your eyes. 如果你想保护你的眼睛，就不要离电视那么近。 If he was tired, he had a short rest.

9、 每当累了，他就休息一会儿。 3、if.not与unless的句型转换if表示正面的条件，意为“如果”；unless表示反面的条件，意为“除非，如果不”= if.not.e.g. You will miss the last bus if you dont set off now. 如果你不马上出发，你就要错过最后一趟巴士了。 = You will miss the last bus unless you set off now.If he doesnt come before 12 oclock, we wont wait for him. 如果他12点前不来，我们就不等他了。 =We wo

10、nt wait for him unless he come before 12 oclock. We will lend him the money if he dont break his promise. 如果他不违背诺言，我们就把钱借给他。= We will lend him the money unless he keep his promise. 【练一练】1. We will have no water to drink _ we dont protect the earth.A. until B. before C. though D. if2. -May I surf the

11、 Internet now?-No,_ you have finished doing the dishes.A. unless B. if C. because D. when3. I usually sleep with the window open_ its very cold. A. until B. unless C. as D. if 4. We wont wait for you_ you come here on time.A. if B. unless C. when D. till5. I dont know if he_ tomorrow. If he _, Ill t

12、ell you.A. will come; comes B. will come; will comeC. comes; comes D. comes; will come6. You _fail if you _study hard.A. may; wont B. will; wont C. will; dont D. may; /【keys】1-6 DABBAC课堂练习I. Find the adverbial clauses. （找出下列书面表达中的状语从句）关于上海的变化 1. Great changes in Shanghai With the development of scie

13、nce and technology, great changes have taken place in Shanghai. When I was young, there used to be narrow bridges, roads and houses in Shanghai. But now, we can find big bridges, wide roads as well as high buildings everywhere. People live in Shanghai used to live in small houses in narrow streets,

14、but now most of them are living in big and comfortable apartments. Whats more, we can see grass, lakes and parks here and there. To our great joy , the 2010 World Expo was held in Shanghai as well. As a shanghainese, I am pound of all these changes .We are sure Shanghai will have a bright future. 关于

15、学校生活 2. Our school life Our school life is very colorful. They are many hobby groups in our school, such as singing group, dancing group, science group and so on. We can learn a lot by joining these groups. For example, we hold a Singing Festival in May. We can enjoy ourselves by singing. Its so int

16、eresting that everyone likes it very much. We also have a sports meeting in October. It always makes us excited. Sometimes we even have friendly matches with other schools. What an enjoyable school life we have! 关于网上购物 3. Shopping on the internet Nowadays, shopping on the internet has become a new w

17、ay of shopping. Indeed, it offers people a lot of advantages. So I prefer to do some shopping on the internet. For one thing, it is convenient because the online shops are open 24 hours a day and we dont have to queue. For the other thing, it is often cheaper to buy goods on the Internet and it is a

18、lso easy to find out what we want. Additionally, we can save a lot of time. Isnt it great to do shopping on the Internet? 关于学习4. My way of Learning English As we all know, English is one of the most important language in the world. So its important for us to learn it. Then how can we it well? In my

19、opinion, the best way to learn English is to do more listening, speaking, reading and writing. Whats more, we should practice these skills every day. Of course, interest is the best teacher. The more we learn, the more interesting and helpful well find English. As the saying goes, “Practice makes pe

20、rfect.”关于节日 5. The Spring Festival As we all know, the Spring Festival is the most important festival in China. On the New Years Eve, families always get together and have a big dinner. Many people like to set off firecracker. People also eat dumping - a kind of traditional Chinese food. Especially,

21、 children like the festival very much because they can not only have delicious food, wear new clothes but also receive red packets from their parents or their elders. It is said that the money in the red packets will bring children good luck. Chinese people have a good time during the festival. 关于保护

22、环境 6. Environment around us The environment is very important to us. We need the fresh air, the clean water and so on. There used to be many trees around us, the air was fresh and the river was clean. But now, people cut down too many trees and the environment around us becomes worse and worse. So a

23、s students, we should try to protect our environment. First of all, we should plant as many trees as possible. Second, we should ride bikes or walk to school instead of taking buses or cars. Third, we shouldnt use plastic bags. In a word, if everyone knows the importance of environment protection, w

24、ell have a green world.关于电脑 7. My view on computer With the development of science and technology, computers are playing more and more important roles in our daily life. They can do most of the things people can do. By using computers, we can gain huge amount of knowledge and information, especially

25、, computers have made the communication with our friends and relatives more convenient and easier. But some students are so keen on playing games online that they even dont want to go to school. I dont think it is right. In my opinion, we should make good use of computers. 关于出国 8. Is it helping to s

26、tudy abroad In recent years, more and more students in China go abroad for their further studies. Most Chinese people think it is helpful to story abroad. But I dont think so. For one TOEFL or GRE, and this will surely waste us plenty of money and time. In addition, if we study home, we can stay wit

27、h our family and friends, and we can study in a more friendly environment. In a word, I prefer to study home. II. Choose the best answer. (选择正确的答案填空)1. Hurry up, _ we will miss the trainA. but B. and C. or D. so2. What shall we do _ it rains tomorrow?A.if B. when C. since D. after3. I cant understan

28、d this passage _ there are no new words in it.A. if B. because C. though D. and4. The doctor didnt have a rest _ the operation was over.A. before B. after C. until D. since5. Lucy has seen the film, _ Lily hasnt.A. an B. or C. but D. So6. -Ive had enough bread. Would you like _ ? - No, thanksA. a fe

29、w more B. one more C. another more D. some more7. 30, 000 dollars is a large amount of money, but its _ than we need.A. far more B. very much C. far less D. very little8. He said he had nothing _ say.A. more B. farther C. less D. any most9. The weather of Shanghai is much better than _.A. Beijing B.

30、 in Beijing C. that of Beijing D. those of Beijing10. _ expensive petrol becomes, _ people drive.A. The more. the more B. The less. the moreC. The less, the less D. The more. the less11. I hear _ easy.A. that physics isnt B. if physics isntC. what physics is D. that physics12. Do you know _ to that

31、post office?A. how much is it B. how far it isC. how far is it D. how long it is13. I didnt t know _ in the classroom.A. is she B. if she is C. if was she D. if she was14. Im not sure _ this way.A. the word can be used B. if can the word be usedC. if the word can be used D. that the word can be usedIII. Reading Comprehension.A. Choose the best answer. (选择正确的答案填空) Reading newspapers has become an important