英语中考复习指南共11页word资料.docx

1、英语中考复习指南共11页word资料Unit One一、 死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。 词汇变换：唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。前者始于宋，乃“宗学”

2、“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。 win我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生

3、甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的

4、事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。 _(过去式)science_(职业)grow_(过去式)music_(职业)spend_(过去式)fish_(职业)leave_(过去式)post_(职业)fall_(过去式)invent_(职业)hit_(过去式)bad_(反义词)throw_(过去式)fit_(同义词)become_(过去式)policeman_(复数)hold_(过去式)hero_(复数)try_(过去式)centu

5、ry_(复数)hear_(过去式)relax_(单三)break_(过去式)finish_(单三)ring_(过去式)try_(单三)fight_(过去式)health_(形容词)stand_(过去式)well_(比较级)invent_(过去式)popular_(最高级)feel_(过去式)famous_(最高级)follow_(过去式)win_(名词)二、 固定词组：Unit1 Topic1在暑假期间_后天_为某人加油_多么可惜！_与对抗/较量_全世界_打棒球_擅长_长大成人_对有益_保持健康_参加_因而出名_放松某人自己_今后，将来_实践做某事_去滑雪_更喜欢做某事_动身去某地_看见某人做

6、某事_相当多_花做某事_使某人强壮_加入滑雪队_保持心肺健康_在星期日早晨_Unit1 Topic2病倒,生病_帮某人一个忙_不要紧_在某方面做得好_斥责_尽某人最大努力_谈论；讨论_对生气_遵守规则_把投进_起初；起先_在21世纪_形成；产生_介意做某事_例如；举例_完成做某事_比如_一直做某事_对某人说抱歉_阻止某人做某事_把传给某人_喜欢/享受做某事_体育运动爱好者_获得比分_Unit1 Topic3接力赛_听见某人做某事_代表；象征_在做得不好_至少；不少于_把视为什么_一双跑鞋_举办一个校运会_一种的象征_举办2019奥运会_赶上_男子800米赛_齐头并进_跳高跳远_世界的五大部分_

7、变得越来越流行_每四年_获得51枚金牌_轮渡；按顺序_冲过终点线_三、 一般将来时。结构为“be going to +动词原形”或“will+动词原形”。（一）be going to 结构: 表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用be going to表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。 I_ _ _ _ basketball with my classmates on Sunday. 我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。Look at those clouds. It_ _ _ _.瞧那些乌

8、云！快要下雨了！（二）will + 动词原形：(第一人称可以用shall)表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow, soon, later, next time(week/month/year) , in the future等连用。will not = wont; 缩略形式为ll, 如果well, hell等。 表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。对不起。我马上就去做。-Please put your things away, Tom. -Im sorry. I_ _ it right away. 表示预测

9、。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。Im sure our team _ _ next time. 我确信下次我们队会赢。表示许诺。I_ _ better next time. 下次我会做得更好的。句式 肯定句：I/She/He/They will go to play baseball soon.否定句：I/She/He/They wont go to play baseball soon.一般疑问句：Will you/she/he/they go to play baseball soon?回答：Yes, I/she/he/they will. No, I/she /he/they wo

10、nt.（三）动词come, go, leave, fly , plan, die等用“be doing”表示将要发生的事.They _ _ for Beijing tomorrow. 他们明天动身去北京。（四）There be 句型的一般将来时的构成是There will/be going to + be 。There _ _ a sports meet this weekend. 这个周末有一个运动会。There _ _ _ _ a class meeting tomorrow. 明天有个班会。( )1.There _ an English Party in our class next w

11、eek. A. is going to have B.is going to be C.will have( )2.Are you going to _ our English club? Yes, I am. A. take part in B.join C.took part in( )3. He will be back _a few minutes.A. with B. for C.in( )4. The Greens _ London next week.A. will leave to B. are leaving for C. are leaving to( )5.We _ ha

12、ve a picnic next week.A. are going B. are going to C. will go to( )6. Dont be late next time! _A. Sorry, I wont. B. Sorry, I dont. C. All right, I wont.( )7.What _ we do then? Lets go out for a walk.A.do B.must C.shall( )8. _ there _ two football matches here tomorrow? Yes, there are. A. Are; going

13、to be B. Are; / C. Is; going to be 四、 提建议：1.Would /Do you mind +动词ing , 请你,好吗？.,你介意吗？ Would /Do you mind +not+动词ing , 请你不要,好吗？Would /Do you mind +if 从句 , 如果.,你介意吗？回答为：Not at all . /Certainly not. /Of course not. /Sorry 等。2.Would you please + (not) + 动词原形？请你,好吗？或请你不要,好吗？Would you mind _ sorry to Mich

14、ael? 你介意向Michael 道歉吗？( )9.Would you mind _ us in the game? Not at all.A.joining B.join C. joining in( )10. Would you please _ so much noise? Oh, sorry, I wont. A. not make B. dont make C. not to make D. making( )11. Would you mind my smoking here? _ Its not allowed here. A. Of course not. B. Better

15、not. C. Yes, please. ( )12. Would you mind _ in the classroom? Sorry, I wont do that again. A. not running B. dont run C. not to run五、 双宾语结构与单宾语结构的变化：主语+及物动词+间接宾语（某人）+直接宾语（某物）=主语+及物动词+直接宾语（某物）+介词（to/for）+间接宾语（某人）常见的动词有：由to引出间接宾语的动词有：give, show, pass, lend, take, tell, kick等；由for引出间接宾语的动词有：buy, make,

16、 cook, get, sing, read, choose, build等. Ill kick you the ball. = Ill kick the ball _ you. 我将把球传给你。 My father bought me a computer. = My father bought a computer _ me.我爸爸给我买一台电脑。( )13. Id like to read the book over there. Could you pass _, please? Certainly. Here you are. A. me it B. it to me C. me f

17、or it 六、 词汇辨析Unit1 Topic11. see sb.do sth. “看见某人做某事”，动作的全过程，常与every day; often等连用.see sb.doing sth. “看到某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行. 我常看见她在河边画画. I often _ him_ pictures near the river. 我看见她正在过马路. I _ her_ across the street.( )1.I see Wei Han _ English almost every morning.A.reads B.reading C.read 2. prefer +名词

18、/动词ing +to +名词/动词ing =likebetter than 与相比，更喜欢.Which do you _, cycling _ boating?骑车和划船，你更喜欢哪种运动？I _ pandas _ monkeys.比起猴子，我更喜欢熊猫。( )2._ do you prefer, walking or running? I like running better.A.What B.How C. Which3. join +人/组织 “加入某人的行列，加入某个组织”。join in=take part in +活动 “参加某项活动” I am going to _ _ the

19、long jump.我打算加入跳远。Li Wei _ the school English club last term.李伟在上学期参加了学校英语俱乐部。Id like to _ you 我想加入你们。( )3.Are you going to _ our English club? Yes, I am.A.take part in B.join C.took part in ( )4. Where are you going, Jack? Im going to _ the English corner. Would you like to _ me? Im afraid I cant.

20、A. join; join B. join; take part in C. join in; take part in4. “花费时间/金钱在某事上” 人spend 时间 (in )doing sth. 人spend金钱on sth. 人pay 金钱for sth. It takes/took sb. some time (一段时间)to do sth. 物cost 人+金钱 She _ half an hour _ in the gym. 她每天花半小时在体育馆锻炼。The bike _ me 300元。这辆自行车花我300元。It _ him two hours to _ the hos

21、pital.他花了两小时才到达医院。( )5. Every day I spend one or two hours _ the guitar and never feel bored.A.to practise B.practising C.practise ( )6. I _ 2 hours finishing my homework last weekend. A. took B. paid C. spent5. play for为.效力 in/on a team 在某球队打球play against与对抗 play with和一起玩He _ _ the Houston Rockets

22、in the NBA. 他效力于NBA的休斯顿火箭队。( )7.Which team are you going to play _ the day after tomorrow? A team from No.7 Middle School. I hope we will win.A. against B.with C.for 6. make/keep +sb./sth.+形容词 使某人/某物 （保持）.make +sb./sth.+do 使某人/某物做某事 keep sb. doing sth. 使某人一直做某事英语中有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,否则句

23、子意思就不完整.宾语和宾语补足语合称为复合宾语.句子结构为：主语及物动词宾语宾语补足语.能作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式、介词短语等.复合宾语用法要点:1、常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep,make,find等.如：We must keep our classroom clean.2、常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call,name,make,think等.如：We call them mooncakes.3、常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,find,keep等.如：In the country, we can hea

24、r birds singing.4、常接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：keep,find,leave等.如：I left my pen on my desk at home.5、常接带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish,help等；接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：see,watch,hear,make,let,help等.如：I often see him play football. She often asks me to help her.(1)Playing soccer can _ your body _.踢足球能是你的身体强壮。(2)Swimming can help to _ your heart and lungs _.游泳能帮助保持心肺健康。(3)He made us _.他使我们哈哈大笑.( )8.You kept me _ so long. Sorry. Ill be ready soon.A.wait B.to wait C. waiting( )9. Its hot here. Please keep the windows _. A. closing B. open C. closed 7. arr