英语英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧.docx

1、英语英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧【英语】英语阅读理解试题类型及其解题技巧一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk free. For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be synonymous with mosquito bites. Yet

2、 others hardly ever get bitten. So how do the bloodthirsty insects select their victims? The insects tastes may seem arbitrary. However, research shows that when mosquitoes make their choices between potential victims, it all comes down to scent (气味). “Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and

3、heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,” says Karl-Martin Vagn Jensen, the head of research at the Department of Agricultural Science at Arhus University. According to Jensen, it has not yet been confirmed exactly what the scents in question are. But rese

4、arch does indicate that some scents are more attractive to mosquitoes than others. “All the lab employees rubbed petri dishes (培养皿) against their stomachs. In that way, their scents were put on the dishes, which were then put in a container full of mosquitoes,” he says. “The mosquitoes repeatedly la

5、nded on some of the petri dishes, but didnt go anywhere near the others.” Perhaps taking inspiration from popular fiction, there are also those who consider garlic as an excellent repellent (驱虫剂) against the winged bloodsuckers. According to the researcher, this strategy may not be entirely fruitles

6、s. “As far as I know, there is no scientific proof that eating garlic works. But there may be something to the theory that its possible to mask scent with garlic,” he says. The only reliable method of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some

7、 smells that can confuse the mosquitoes. When the mosquito comes closer, it uses smell, heat and carbon dioxide to decide whether to bite. But if it is confused by a repellent, it will never get that far.（1）Which of the following can best replace the phrase underlined in Paragraph 2? A.Be equal to.B

8、.Be accessible to.C.Be harmful to.D.Be beneficial to.（2）What can we infer about the scents attracting mosquitoes? A.Mosquitoes can be attracted by various scents.B.Some kinds of scents appeal to mosquitoes in particular.C.The lab employees use petri dishes to deposit their scents.D.Mosquitoes are ar

9、bitrary when it comes to different scents.（3）What is the main idea of the last Paragraph? A.A new strategy is used in researching repellents.B.Garlic is considered to be an excellent repellent.C.Using repellents is an effective way against mosquitoes.D.The inspiration against mosquitoes is from popu

10、lar fiction.（4）Where is the text most probably taken from? A.Science fiction.B.A biography.C.A medical report.D.A research paper.【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，分析了为什么有些人经常受到吸血昆虫的攻击。（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“For those unfortunate enough to feature highly on the mosquito hit list, summer nights can be

11、synonymous with mosquito bites. ”对于那些不幸被蚊子叮咬的人来说，夏夜可以成为蚊子叮咬的同义词。也就是说“夏夜等同于蚊子的叮咬”，故选A。（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Mosquitoes are attracted by carbon dioxide and heat, which everyone gives off. But mosquitoes are also attracted by certain scents,”可知，某些种类的气味对蚊子尤其有吸引力。故选B。（3）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的“The only reliable meth

12、od of protection against mosquitoes is to use repellents that are sold over the counter. It contains some smells that can confuse the mosquitoes.”可知，使用驱虫剂是对付蚊子的有效方法。故选C。（4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Research finds out why some people are constantly under attack from the bloodsucking insects while others walk fr

13、ee.”可知，这篇文章最有可能来自一篇研究论文。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 When Andrew Kaplan recalls, his stories leave the impression that he has managed to pack multiple lives into a single existence: A war reporter in his 20s. an army member, a successful bu

14、sinessman and- later. the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts. Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become AndyBot- a virtual person who will be

15、: immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds, perhaps thousands of years If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetimes worth of advice

16、long after his physical body is gone. Someday, Kaplan, who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be remembered as one of the worlds first digital humans. For decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a new generation of companies is selling some a

17、pproximation(近似) of virtual immortality, which gives people the opportunity to preserve ones legacy(遗产) online forever. Kaplan is eager to become one of the worlds first virtual residents, partly because he considers the effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations. If techno

18、logy succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss. AndyBot may become one of the worlds first: meaningful examples, raising complex philosophical questions about the nature of immort

19、ality and the purpose of existence itself.（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A.To highlight Kaplans achievements.B.To introduce the topic- -AndyBot.C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.D.To introduce Kaplans life.（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot? A.He wanted to share hi

20、s life experience as long as possible.B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.C.He believed this action will help with his novels.D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations? A.He may use voice computing platforms.B.He may use a new bo

21、dy to go on living.C.He may offer some guidance.D.He may ask them questions.（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph? A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.B.People can talk with their late family members freely.C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.D.T

22、here is still a long way for digital humans to go.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态-数字人。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，当安德鲁卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。主要介绍安德鲁卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his love

23、d ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become “AndyBot”- a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan同意变成数字人 ，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old h

24、as realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become AndyBot.a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。故选A。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的

25、“If all goes according to plan. future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetimes worth of advice long after his physical body is gone. ”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即使他的

26、肉体不存在后，还可以问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。可知卡普兰成为“数字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。故选C。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss.”可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字人类，它可能

27、会永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前的数字人类还无法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Many people have long dreamed of being able to fly around as simply as riding a bicycle. Yet the safety and strength of

28、a flying bike was always a big problem. Over the past 10 years, developments in technology have moved the dream of personal flying vehicles closer to reality. Now, two groups of inventors say such vehicles may be available soon. The British company Malloy Aeronautics has developed a prototype (原型) o

29、f its flying bicycle. Grant Stapleton, marketing sales director of Malloy Aeronautics, says the Hoverbike is able to get in and out of small spaces very quickly. It can be moved across continents very quickly because it can be folded and packed, he adds. Mr. Stapleton says safety was the companys ma

30、in concern. He says the designers solved the safety issue by using overlapping rotors to power the vehicle. The company is testing a full-size prototype of the Hoverbike, which will most likely be used first by the police and emergency rescue teams. In New Zealand, Martin Aircraft Company is also te

31、sting a full-size prototype of its personal flying device, called the Jetpack. It can fly for more than 30 minutes, up to 1, 000 meters high and reach a speed of 74 kilometers per hour. Peter Coker is the CEO of Martin Aircraft Company. He said the Jetpack is built around safety from the start. In his words, Reliability is the most important element of it. We have safety built into the actual structure itself, very similar to a Formula One racing car. The Jetpack uses a gasoline-powered engine that produces two powerful jet streams. Mr. Coker says it also has a parachute that would be used, i