重点单词短语用法归类.docx

1、重点单词短语用法归类2015中考英语：重点单词、短语用法归类，总结的太全啦！1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事 ：It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time（in）doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth . 某人花钱买某物 ：sb spend some money on sth . = sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend和pay主语都是人，cost主语是物。s

2、pent还可以指“度过” How did you spend your weekend ?The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater .=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone .It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day . 2 . thanks for为而感谢_ inviting me to your birth

3、day party .thanks to多亏/由于_ your help .I got good grades .3 .感叹句 ：多么what +名词 how +形容词/副词1 . _ bad weather！2 . _ hard he works！3 . _ fresh vegetables！. _ cute a monkey it is！4 .因为、由于 ：because(连词) +从句： (表示原因) because of（介词短语）+名词（短语 ）= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache .He was late for c

4、lass _ the bad weather . He cant come _ he is ill . Many people have a cold _ the cold weather .because和so不能同时连用.5 .来自 ：be from = come fromWhere are you from ? = Where _ you _ _ ?He is from Tibet . = He _ _ Tibet .6 . How often对频率提问 （ 多久一次） 回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long对一段时间提问 （多久 ） 回答用表示一段时间的状语 How soon对将来

5、时间提问 （ 多久 ） 回答用in+时间段How far询问多长距离（多长）- _ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years .- _ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes.- _ will your father come back ? - In two years . - _ do you exercise ? - Once a week . - _ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles .- _ are you staying there

6、 ? - Two weeks .7 .乘交通工具 ：take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语 by+交通工具=on a交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有：train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/planeHe takes a bus to bank .= He goes to bank by bus . = He goes to bank on a bus .I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 骑自行车、马或驴用ride ：ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in

7、 ones car 8 .对不起 ：Excuse me（劳驾，客套话 ）Sorry (表示道歉)_ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?Would you mind cleaning your room ? - _ . Ill do it right away .- Dont eat in class . - _ . Ms Clark ._ , is this the way to the station ?9 .声音 ：sound (自然界各种声音) noise（噪音）voice（悦耳的声音：嗓子）1 Lucy has a sweet _ . That _

8、 like a good idea .Dont make _ . The baby is sleeping .10 . look like (外貌看起来像) be like（ 性格像 ）Lily _ _ Lucy . Oh , they are twins . Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful .11 . taketo 带去 bringto带来fetch没有方向性（强调来回）Tony . _ the ball here .Please . My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays ._

9、your homework _ school tomorrow . 12.一些 ：some用于肯定句any用于否定句和疑问句Id like _ milk .Would you like _ yogurt ? _ Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑问句中，认为对方的答案会是肯定的，或期望得到对方肯定回答时，也用some . 13.多少 ：How many修饰可数名词复数 How much修饰不可数名词 1 _ juice do you want ? _apples do you want?- _is the T-shirt? Its 30 yuan .How much可对

10、价钱提问：How much are the potatoes ?14 看 ：see强调看的结果 look ( at )不及物动词，强调看的动作 watch观看：比赛、电视、表演、电影 read读，朗读：看书、看报、看信、看杂志 Dont_ in bed . We will _ a basketball game this evening . Please _ the blackboard . Everyone . I _ a bird in the tree yesterday . On Saturday night . I saw an interesting talk show .On S

11、aturday evening . several kids watched a movie . watch a movie =go to a movie 15. stop doing sth停止做某事 Please stop talking . stop to do sth停下来去做别的事The girl soon stopped _ (cry ) . He was tired and stopped _ (have ) a rest . 16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作：forget / remember to do sth（忘记/记得去做某事）He f

12、orgot to turn off the light .(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school .forget / remember后接ving表示已发生的动作：forget / remember doing sth（忘记/记得做过某事）He forgot turningoff the light .(已做过关灯的动作) Dont you remember seeing the man before ?17.到达 reach +地点 get to +地点 reach = get to arrive + in +大地点

13、 arrive + at +小地点He reached London yesterday . = He _ to London yesterday . = He _ in London yesterday .She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should _ ( get ) home on time . 当get to和arrive at /in后接地点副词时，都不加介词。如：get home get there 省略to18.擅长，在方面做得好 ：be good at = do well in . She is good at chem

14、istry . = She _ _ _ chemistry . Niuniu is good at _ the violin . = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin . Lucy and Lily are twin girls .Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily .but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy . 19. win（ 赢得 ）接a game、war、a match、a prize beat(打败、战胜)接运动员、球队、对手等。Which team _ the football match ?Wa

15、ng Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Singles . 20.借 borrow sth . from sb = borrow sb . sth向某人借某物borrow借入lend sth . to sb = lend sb . sth把某物借给某人 lend借出keep延续性动词 ，与一段时间连用。Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you _ your bike _ me ?You can borrow some money _ your brother . = You can borrowyourbr

16、other _ _.- How long can I _ the book ? - You can _ it for two weeks . 类似用法的还有：buy have put on wear become beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back become He has _ a doctor . He has _ a doctor for 10 years . begin The film has _ . The film has _ for ten minutes .21.能，会

17、。be able to can 情态动词后面都接动词原形。 We should _ able to finish the work tomorrow . I can_ (play) the guitar . He _ able to play chess .22. too many太多 修饰可数名词复数I have too many rulesin my house .too much太多 修饰不可数名词Maybe you have too much yin .much too太 后跟形容词或副词原级This coat is much too expensive .Eating _ _ is

18、bad for your health .Its_ _cold today . Youd better not go out .There are_ _ students in the hallways . Its dangerous . 23. have / has been to去过某地 He has been to Beijing . (现在不在北京) have / has gone to去了某地 He has gone to Beijing . (现在可能在北京，或在去北京的途中)have/hasbeen in / at在某地Ihave ever _ _ America twice .

19、He has _ _ Beijing for ten years . Whereis your brother ?-He_ _ to Hainan ._ you ever _ _ Disneyland ?24. used to do sth .过去常做某事This river used to be very clean .be（get）used to doing sth .习惯于做某事 Im not used to getting up early .be used to do sth = be used for doing sth .被用于做某事Pens are used for writi

20、ng .XiaoGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark .Thebroom is _ _ clean the room . = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room .He _ _ _ living countryside .There is fresh air and sweet well .Wood _ _ _ making paper . 25. belong to +名词/人称代词宾格 （属于） be +名词所有格/名词性物主代词 （是）It must _ Nings .=It must_ Ning .The pencil must

21、be _ (my) . = The pencil must belong to _ (my) .This ball _ to me .= This ball is _ .26. cant 不可能0 表示推测、判断 could/might也许、可能5080must肯定、一定100The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music .The notebook _ be mine .It has my name on it .The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old ma

22、n .27. be made from（由制成）看不出原材料be made of（由制成）看得出原材料The table _ _ _ wood .Paper _ _ _ wood . 28. prefer to do sth宁愿做某事prefer sth . to sth .喜欢而不喜欢prefer doing sth . to doing sth .喜欢做而不喜欢做I prefer _ (swim) to _ (play) balls . He _ fish to beef .I prefer to _ (walk) to work . 29.一些表示人的情感或情绪的形容词 ： ed修饰人

23、ing修饰物I want to go somewhere _ (relaxing/relaxed) .She is _ in this _ history story . (interesting/interested )interesting(有趣的)interested（感兴趣的） tiring(累人的)tired（累的，疲倦的） boring（令人无聊的）bored（无聊的）exciting（令人兴奋的）excited（激动的） surprising（令人惊讶的） surprised（惊讶的）relaxing(令人放松的) relaxed（放松的） embarrassing (令人尴尬的

24、；令人为难的)embarrassed (尴尬的；为难的)30. the number of +名词复数（的数量）作主语， 谓语用单数。 a number of +名词复数 （许多、一些）= manyThe number of students in our class_ 80 ._ number of students are in Helin Middle School .31. for +一段时间since +时间点/过去时的句子We have been studying English _ three years .He has been staying here _ he was fi

25、ve years old . .We havent seen each other _ ten years ago . for和since可以相互转换。如：Jenny has been collecting coins for several years .= Jenny has been collecting coins since several years _ .32.除之外 except（不包括在内）Everyone could answer this question except Jim .besides（包括在内）There are three girls besides me

26、.We all passed the exam _ Li Yang .Many other students like basketball _ Guo Xiaojun .33. already用于肯定句中（已经）yet 用于疑问句末（已经）用于否定句末（还）1 Have you seen the film _ ? I havent locked the door _ .Mom has _ watered the flowers .34.否定祈使句Dont + v. No + v.ing / n.Dont smoke here . = _ _ here . Dont take photos. = _ _ .35.也 too放肯定句末和疑问句末