北京大学17春秋36081003大学英语3第3组课程作业.docx

1、北京大学17春秋36081003大学英语3第3组课程作业一、阅读理解(共40题，每题1分，共40分)1）. Astheschoolyearkicksoff,parentsareonceagainstragglingtocajole(哄编)and,ifneedbe,dragtheirexhaustedteensoutofbed.Thatimagemaymakeyoulaugh,butlackofsleepisnojoke.Teenagerswhodontgetenoughresthavemorelearning,health,behaviorandmoodproblemsthanstudents

2、whogetatleastninehoursanight.Long-termlackofsleepistiedtoheartdisease,overweight,depressionandashortenedlifespaninadults,indicatingtheimportanceofestablishinggoodsleephabitsearlyinlife.Lackofsleepcanbeespeciallydeadlyforteens;caraccidentsaretheleadingcauseofdeathamongteenagers,andsafetyexpertsbeliev

3、esleepydrivingisamajorfactor.Unfortunately,fewteenagersgetthesleeptheyneed.Inasurveyofmiddle-andhigh-schoolstudents,UniversityofColoradoresearchersfoundthat82percentsaidtheywokeuptiredandunrefreshed,andmorethanhalfhadtroubleconcentratingduringthedayatleastonceaweek.Blamemultitaskingforsomeofthis.Man

4、ystudentsarejugglingafter-schoolactivities,homeworkandpart-timejobs.Evenwhentheymanagetofulfilltheseobligationsbyareasonablehour,television,theInternet,videogames,phonecallsandtextmessagestofriendsoftenkeepthemawakedeepintothenight.Takingsodaandenergydrinkslateinthedayandgoingtolate-nightpartiesonwe

5、ekendsaddtosleepdebt.Biologyalsoworksagainstteenagerssleep,Thebodysinternalclock,whichcontrolswhenapersonstartstofeeltired,shiftsafterpuberty(青春期),makingithardformostteenstofallasleepbefore11pm.Classusuallybeginsbefore8:15am,withmanyhighschoolsstartingasearlyas7:15am.Togettoschoolontime,mostteenshav

6、etogetupby6:30am,guaranteeingtheyllbesleep-deprivedduringtheweek.Teensoftensleepmuchlateronweekendstocatchup,makingitevenhardertofallasleeponSundaynightandwakeupMondaymorning.Playingcatch-uponweekendsalsodoesnthelpteensstayrefreshedwhentheyneeditmost:duringtheweekatschool.Sincethe1990s,middleandhigh

7、schoolsinmorethantwodozenstateshaveexperimentedwithlaterschoolstarttimes.Theresultshavebeenencouraging:moresleep,increasedattendance,bettergradesandfewerdrivingaccidents.Butmostschoolsstillstartearly,meaningteenshavetheirworkcutoutforthemiftheywanttogetenoughsleep.1. Accordingtothepassage,poorsleepc

8、anbelinkedtoallofthefollowingEXCEPTA.heartdiseaseB.caraccidentsC.skinproblemsD.poorconcentration 试题编号：3-1-1-1 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*2. ThemainideaofParagraph3is_A.howsleepdeprivation(缺乏)canbetreatedB.whatcausessleepdeprivationC.whoismostatriskforsleepdeprivationD

9、.whysleepdeprivationisaseriousconcern 试题编号：3-1-1-2 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*3. Whatdoestheword“juggling”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Dealingwithatthesametime.B.Strikingabalancebetween.C.Applyingfor.D.Havingdifficultyin. 试题编号：3-1-1-3 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案

10、： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*4. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtoblameforteenagerslackofsleep?A.Multitasking.B.Biologicalclock.C.Weekendcatch-upsleep.D.Healthydiet. 试题编号：3-1-1-4 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*5. Accordingtothepassage,whathavesomeschoolsdonetohelptheirstudentsgetenoug

11、hsleep?A.Educatingtheirstudentsabouttheimportanceofsleep.B.Monitoringtheirstudentslate-nightactivities.C.Delayingschoolstarttimes.D.Settingstrictrules. 试题编号：3-1-1-5 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*2）. Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30Fand

12、thesunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic(北极)ishome.Polarbearshavethickfur,bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwellpreparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact,theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival.Butclimatechangeiscausinglargerandlargerarea

13、sofsummerseaicetomelt(融化).Expertssaythatifwarmingpatternscontinue,theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Thatmaycausetwo-thirdsoftheworlds20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.Polarbearscantsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplacewherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.Althoughthe

14、sebearsarestrongswimmers,theyarenomatchforlightningswiftsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlycleverstrategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebearwaitsmotionlessbesideasealsbreathinghole,whichisanarrowtunnelthroughtheice.Oftenmanyhourspassbeforethesealcomesupforairandthebearkillsitwithapower

15、fulblowofitspaw.Insummer,thepolarbearsthatliveonlandeatverylittleandwaitfortheseaicetoreturn.Withtheseaiceforminglaterintheyearandmeltingearlier,polarbearsdonothaveenoughopportunitytohuntandeat.Lessseaicemakesitharderforthebearstocatchtheseals.Thebearsmustswimlongerdistancesbetweenicepacks(大片浮冰),and

16、theycantalwaysmakeit.Theiceisalsogettingthinner.Theseconditionscancausepolar-bearcabstobecomeseparatedfromtheirmothers,whoprovidethemwithfood.StevenAmstrupisthechiefscientistofPolarBearsInternational.Thegroupaimstosavethebearsandtheirhome.Themorepeoplewhoseepolarbearsandunderstandtheirdifficultsitua

17、tion,thebetterthechancewellalterourwarmingpathintimetosavethem,hesays.6. Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ClimateChangeintheArcticB.HowtoProtecttheEnvironmentC.TheArcticIsHometoPolarBearsD.PolarBearsinDanger 试题编号：3-1-2-1 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*7. Wheredopolarbea

18、rsusuallyhuntseals?A.Onland.B.Inopenwater.C.Inopeningsintheseaice.D.Atthebottomofthesea. 试题编号：3-1-2-2 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*8. Thewordcubsinthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_.A.adultsB.babiesC.huntersD.enemies 试题编号：3-1-2-3 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案

19、： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*9. Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Starvingpolarbearsareincreasinglycomingintovillages,wheretheymaybekilledeitherforfoodorsafety.B.Polarbearscanspendtheirentirelivesonlandiftheseaicemeltscompletely.C.Two-thirdsoftheworldspolarbearsmaydisappearby205

20、0asglobalwarmingcontinues.D.Thegrowingdistancebetweenicepacksisnotaproblemforpolarbears,becausetheyareexcellentswimmers. 试题编号：3-1-2-4 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*10. WhatsthemissionofPolarBearsInternational?A.Savingenergy.B.Conductingscientificresearch.C.Seekinginterna

21、tionalcooperation.D.Savingpolarbearsandtheirhome. 试题编号：3-1-2-5 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*3）. For20monthsthewreckedCostaConcordiahasbeenlyingonitssidenearthecoastofGiglio，asmallItalianisland.ButonTuesday,aspartofthelargestsalvage（打捞）operationeverconducted，thelargeship

22、wasfinallymovedtotheuprightposition.Thenextstepisforthevesseltoberemovedfromtheareaentirely.TheCostaConcordiaistwicetheweightoftheTitanic.Theshipitselfdidntbudge（稍微移动）forthefirstthreehoursoftheoperation,SergioGirottotoldreporters.Heandotherengineersworkedfor19hoursbeforeConcordiawasdeclaredcompletel

23、yupright.TheCostaConcordiacapsizedonJanuary13,2012，afteritscaptain,FrancescoSchettino，broughttheshiptooclosetotheshore.Theshiphitcoastalrocks,whichcausedseriousdamageandallowedwatertopourin.Mostofthe4,200peopleonboardmadeittolandsafely,butmorethan30peoplewerekilledinthedisaster.Twopeopleremainmissin

24、g.TheConcordiascaptainiscurrentlyontrialforcausingashipwreckandabandoninghisship.Theoperationtorighttheshipiscalledparbuckling.Whileparbucklingisastandardoperationtorightcapsizedships，ithasneverbeforebeenusedonsuchalargeship.Workershadbeenwaitingforfavorableweatherconditionstoundertaketheoperation.O

25、nMonday，authoritiesgavethefinalgo-ahead.Theprocesswasexpectedtotakenomorethan12hours.Butproblemswiththelargesystemofsteelchainscauseddelays.Engineersworkedthroughthenightusingcablesandmetalwatertankstorolltheshipontospecialplatforms.TheConcordiaisexpectedtobepulledawayfromGigliointhespringof2014andt

26、urnedintoscrapmetal(废金属).Theshipsowner,CostaCruises,willpayfortherecovery,whichhasalreadycostmorethan$800million.11. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ShipSafetyManagementB.Shipwrecks:anEnvironmentalThreatC.TheCostaConcordiaDisasterD.TheCostaConcordiaSalvage 试题编号：3-1-3-1 试题类型：单选题 标准答案

27、：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*12. Theword“capsized”inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_A.turnedoverB.delayedC.departedD.setsail 试题编号：3-1-3-2 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*13. Accordingtothepassage,theConcordiascaptainhasbeenchargedwithcausingthecrasha

28、nd_.A.druguseB.alcoholabuseC.abandoninghispostD.settingfire 试题编号：3-1-3-3 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*14. Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TheCostaConcordiaisthreetimestheweightoftheTitanic.B.EngineersinItalyhavesuccessfullyrightedthewreckedCo

29、ncordiaafteranoperationthatlastedaround12hours.C.Thesalvageoperationwentaheaddespitebadweatherconditions.D.Asacommonmeansofrightingwreckedships,parbucklinghadneverbeencarriedoutonavesseloftheConcordiassize. 试题编号：3-1-3-4 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*15. Whatwillhappentot

30、heConcordiaeventually?A.Itwillbepulledawaytobebrokenupforscrapmetal.B.Itwillberepairedandputintouseagain.C.Itwillbeturnedintoamuseumfortourists.D.Itwillbesunktotheoceanfloor. 试题编号：3-1-3-5 试题类型：单选题 标准答案：* 试题难度：一般 试题解析：* 考生答案： 考生得分：* 是否评分：未评分 评价描述：*4）. Whenwerelearningaforeignlanguage,makingsenseofwha

31、twehearisthefirststeptowardfluency.Itsoundsobvious,butuntilrecently,wedidntknowmuchabouthowlisteningworks.Newresearchdemonstratesthateffectivelisteninginvolvesmorethansimplyhearingthewordsthatfloatpastourears.Rather,itsanactiveprocessofreceivinginformationandmakingmeaning.Thiskindofengagedlisteningisaskillthatsascriticalforlearningarangeofsubjectsatschoolandworkasitisforl