高教版跨文化交际与地球村民部分练习参考答案.docx

1、高教版跨文化交际与地球村民部分练习参考答案高教版跨文化交际与地球村民部分练习参考答案 Key to Some of the Exercises (for your reference only)UNIT 1 Globalization and Intercultural CommunicationPart One Warm UpQuestion 4This is a Canadian host family (Canadian husband on the left, Russian wife in the middle and their son left to the mother) ho

2、sting students abroad. From left to right, there are Chinese, Malaysian, Japanese and Singaporean who are international students in Canada. This picture best illustrates the concept of global village where people from different cultural backgrounds meet and even live together for whatever reasons. P

3、art Three ExercisesSection A Culture Quiz 1. national level 2. global standard 3. cheap production 4. financial crises 5. popular culture 6. new opportunities and new challengesSection D Case StudiesCase 1 Finding an Interested BuyerExplanationsA. This could be an explanation for what happened. Howe

4、ver, not enough information was provided to support this choice. Had he truly been interested and then unexpectedly detained by important business matters, it is most likely that Mr. Li would have left additional instructions suggesting a new time to meet or a method of contact. There is a better al

5、ternative.B. This is an inaccurate generalization. Although time concepts vary across national borders, businesspeople in China are generally as dependable as those in the United State and dependability is considered a virtue in Chinese society. If Mr. Li believed that he had set a firm appointment

6、with George, he would have been at the appointed place, and he would have been on time.C. This is the best answer. There are two important cultural aspects at work in this interaction. The first is the issue of directness. In many situations where Americans tend to prefer directness, the Chinese are

7、 usually more comfortable with indirectness and ambiguity. The second is the concept of “face”. Having face means that one is in good standing with others vis-vis（面对） his or her obligation to peers, subordinates, and superiors and is maintaining harmony in society as a whole. It is important to pres

8、erve ones face and, as much as possible, the face of others. A Chinese person would have recognized that Mr. Li was clearly not interested in Georges products at all. He had indicated his lack of interest by saying that he was busy. However, George failed to pick up the signal. Instead of saying “I

9、am not interested” directly, Mr. Li chose a more polite way, according to Chinese cultural norms, to convey this message to George. Mr. Li did not want to tell George “no” directly and cause George to lose face (because his products were rejected). By failing to set a definite time for a follow-up m

10、eeting and by only half-agreeing to the specifics that George was pressing on him, Mr. Li was saying, in no uncertain terms（直截了当地）, that he was not interested in pursuing the matter. George didnt have the cultural sensitivity to interpret Mr. Lis response correctly.D. This is not a good explanation.

11、 Mr. Li didnt show any interest in the exchange. George was the one who showed a lot of enthusiasm.E. This is a true statement. However, it doesnt apply to the situation described in the incident. This was a trade show, where companies could establish initial contacts and introduce new products. The

12、refore, George really had no chance to develop a relationship of trust with Mr. Li, who was obviously not impressed by Georges initial approach.Case 2 Understanding the Cultural BackgroundExplanationThe insurance saleswoman could argue that the people she deals with are in the United States and ther

13、efore, should adapt to American practices; however, with that attitude she would not reach her customers, who are from East Asian countries. The result would have been a severe restriction of her business practice. Instead, her ability to communicate in a foreign language and at the same time unders

14、tand the cultural background of her clientele makes her successful.UNIT 2 Communication and CulturePart Three ExercisesSection A Culture Quiz1. Watch the video Collectivism-Individualism Through Dance to learn some differences between me-culture and we-culture and fill in the following blanks, and t

15、hen explain why the student and the teacher have their different opinions on the same answer in the exam.Me-culture means individualistic culture which plays individual first. People from individualistic cultures like the United States and Western Europe are more likely to value uniqueness over harm

16、ony, expression over agreement, and to define themselves as unique or different from the group, We-culture means collectivist culture which plays group first. People from collectivist cultures are more likely to value social harmony over individuality. Relative to people in an individualistic cultur

17、e, they are more likely to endorse behaviors that increase group cohesion and interdependence,2. The following is a communication model. Would you please fill in the missing elements based on what you have learned in Passage One, and then retell the process of communication in your own words? Sectio

18、n D Case StudiesCase 1 Am I a Good Teacher? ExplanationTheir different understanding of territory and their different cultures caused the conflict in this case. In Sarahs opinion, her apartment is her territory. Though she invites the students into her sitting room, it doesnt mean that they can go i

19、nto her study and read her book. As for the boy, he obviously doesnt know the British way of being a guest. In China, if you are invited into others house, it means you are permitted into any room with an open door without asking for permission. To search through the house is impolite, but to read t

20、he book on the desk seems acceptable. But for Sarah, that is her private thing. Anyone who would like to touch it should get her permission.The significance and understanding of territory differs from one culture to another. In China, when being invited to a house, guests are permitted into rooms wi

21、th an open door and can touch things on the table or sofa. If some room is considered inappropriate to let the guests in, the host may close it or even lock it. The things that the host doesnt want the guests to touch will be put away before they come. So things that are unlocked usually mean no sec

22、rets. As for British, the house is ones territory, and without permission, no one can enter any room, no matter whether its open or not. Likewise，without asking for permission, one is not expected to touch others possessions, even though they are placed by your hand. Generally speaking, Westerners h

23、ave a stronger sense of claiming territory and protecting privacy.Because Sarah and the boy have different views about territory, misunderstanding arises, which even leads Sarah to think of quitting the job. Perhaps she believes that the students dont respect her and dont appreciate her teaching. Th

24、e fact is that the boy just does something he usually does in his friends house. So if you are invited to a foreigners house, you should “do in Rome as the Romans do”.Case 2 First Name or Last Name?ExplanationIt is because they have different cultural backgrounds. There is a tendency in American bus

25、iness circles to prefer close, friendly, egalitarian (平等的) relationships in business engagements. This system of symmetrical solidarity (一致) is often expressed in the use of given (or “first”) names in business encounters. Mr. Richardson feels most comfortable in being called Andy, and he would like

26、 to call Mr. Chu by his first name. At the same time, he wishes to show consideration of the cultural differences between them by avoiding Mr. Chus western name, David. His solution to this cultural difference is to address Mr. Chu by the given name he sees on the business card, Hon-fai.Mr. Chu, on

27、the other hand, prefers an initial business relationship of symmetrical deference (尊敬). He would feel more comfortable if they called each other Mr. Chu and Mr. Richardson. Nevertheless, when he was away at school in North America he learned that Americans feel uncomfortable calling people Mr. for e

28、xtended period of time. His solution was to adapt a western name. He chose David for use in such situations.When Mr. Richardson insists on using Mr. Chus Chinese given name, Hon-fai, Mr. Chu feels uncomfortable. The name is rarely used by anyone, in fact. What Mr. Richardson does not know is that Ch

29、inese have a rather complex structure of names which depends upon situations and relationships, which includes school names, intimate and family baby names, and even western names, each of which is used just by the people with whom a person has a certain relationship. Isolating just the given name,

30、Hon-fai, is relatively unusual and to hear himself called this by a stranger makes Mr. Chu feel quite uncomfortable. His reaction, which is also culturally conditioned, is to smile.Unfortunately, Mr. Richardson is not aware that one means of expressing acute embarrassment for Mr. Chu is to smile. Wh

31、ile within North American culture there is consciousness of what might be called “nervous laughter”, there is a general expectation that a smile can be taken as a direct expression of pleasure or satisfaction. Mr. Richardson misinterprets Mr. Chus embarrassment as agreement or even pleasure at their

32、 first encounter, and as a result, he goes away from the encounter unawareness of the extent to which he has complicated their initial introduction.We can see from the above case, culture plays a very important role in the communication between these two men. Though everyone has a unique style of communication, culture determines a general style for its members. We are not always aware of the subtle influences of our culture. Likewise, we may not perceive that others are influenced by their cultures as well. Case 3 Friends Were Friends Forever?ExplanationIn the above c