版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教测评二必修1Unit2 Englisharoundtheworld.docx

1、版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教测评二必修1Unit2 Englisharoundtheworld温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。核心素养测评 二必修1 Unit 2English around the world(限时35分钟). 阅读理解ASign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that sign languages

2、 are uniquea speech of the hand. They offer a new way to know how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy(争议): whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The present inte

3、rest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C. , the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school let him teach a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed somethin

4、g strange: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). Bu

5、t Stokoe believed the “hand talk”his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955. Stokoes idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoenow devoting his time to writing

6、and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf cultureis having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that sign languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese

7、. They thought language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said, ” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff. ”1. The study of sign language is thought to be _. A. a n

8、ew way to look at the learning of languageB. a challenge to traditional views on the nature of languageC. an approach to make the grammatical structure of a language simpleD. a try to clear misunderstanding about the use of language【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段的They offer a new way. . . or whether it is a lear

9、ned behavior. 可知, 手语提供了一种新方法, 用以探索大脑如何产生和理解语言, 并为一个长期以来的科学争端语言(连同语法)究竟是我们与生俱来的, 还是一种我们后天学会的行为提出了新的解释。故手语是对语言的性质的传统观点的挑战, 所以选B 。2. The present growing interest in sign language was caused by _. A. a famous scholar in the study of the human brainB. a leading specialist in the study of liberal artsC. a

10、n English teacher in a university for the deafD. some senior experts in American Sign Language【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的The present interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C. , the worlds only liberal arts university for deaf peopl

11、e. 以及第二段的When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English可知, 现在对手语的兴趣是由Bill Stokoe, 一位教英语的老师激发的。故选C。3. Most educators were against Stokoes idea because they thought _. A. sign language was not extensively used even by deaf peopleB. sign language was too artificial to be widely acceptedC. a langua

12、ge should be easy to use and understandD. a language could only lie in the form of speech sounds【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的They thought language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound. 可知, 大多数教育者认为语言是建立在说, 也就是声音的调节上。故选D。4. Stokoes argument is based on his belief that _. A. sign language is as use

13、ful as any other languageB. sign language comes from natural languageC. language is a system of meaningful codesD. language is a product of the brain【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“What I said, ” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuffits brain stuff. ”可知, Stokoe认为sign language是大脑的产物。故D项正确。D中的a p

14、roduct of the brain是对原文中brain stuff的同义表达。B世纪金榜导学号The best-known example of external(外部的)influence causing language change is the “Americanization”of world culture, which has caused English words to appear in city streets all over the world. The effect is most noticeable in pop music. Foreign groups

15、often record in English, and the words are picked up and repeated in the same language everywhere, even by children who otherwise have little or no command of the language. I once met a Brazilian child of about ten who could count “one, two, three”, but only by adding the words “oclock, four oclock

16、rock” at the end. Some people are often strongly critical of the influence of English on their language especially when an English word replaces a traditional word. In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of English words in official situations if an equivalent (意义相同的)French expression existed

17、but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaking than in the observing. Some other countries have considered introducing a similar law despite the evidence that such laws have very little effect, and that the arrival of loan words( 外来词) can greatly enrich a language (as indeed in the case of En

18、glish itself, which has a long history of welcoming foreign words). However, not everyone is critical. In particular, commercial firms and advertisers are well aware of the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring. In Japan, English is even used in television commercials,

19、 despite the fact that the majority of viewers would not understand exactly what was being said. The excellence implied by the mere use of English is apparently enough to command the strategy to the advertisers. Most of the influence of English is upon the vocabulary of foreign languages, but survey

20、s are slowly bringing to light several cases where word order or word structure has been affected. Sentences of the type “The book sells well”, using an active construction for a passive meaning, have begun to appear in Danish (Bogen soelger godt). Several languages keep the English plural ending wh

21、en they make use of a loan word, and do not translate it into the native form, e. g. drinks. There are many other such cases. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文, 介绍了造成语言变化的外部影响, 最著名的例子是世界文化的“美国化”, 它导致英语单词出现在世界各地的城市街道上。这种影响在流行音乐中最为明显。5. Why could the Brazilian child speak one, two, three in English?A. Because he had seen

22、 these words in the street. B. Because he knew how to tell the time in English. C. Because he had made himself master of English. D. Because he had heard these words in songs a lot. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段“Foreign groups often record in English. . . but only by adding the words oclock, four oclock rock a

23、t the end. ”可知, 文中提到的这个巴西小孩可能本身不太会说英语, 但是由于含有这些英语数字的歌曲不断重复播放, 所以他学会了用英语说这些数字。故选D。6. What can we infer about the law passed in France in 1977?A. It was strict. B. It was unfair. C. It was often ignored. D. It was strongly opposed. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段“In 1977, France passed a law banning the use of Eng

24、lish words in official situations if an equivalent French expression existed but the law seemed to be honored more in the breaking than in the observing. ”可知, 1977年, 法国通过了一项法律, 禁止在官方场合使用与法语意义相同的英语词汇但这项法律似乎更多地是在打破而不是遵守。故我们可以推测这项法律经常被忽视, 故选C。7. What is the purpose of some Japanese commercials using En

25、glish?A. Following the American trend. B. Becoming world-famous. C. Enriching Japanese. D. Increasing sales. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中the potential selling power that the use of English vocabulary can bring以及The excellence implied by the mere use of English可知, 广告中使用英语能让人感觉该产品很出色, 激发人们的购买欲。故选D。8. The last

26、paragraph is mainly developed by_. A. providing examples B. making comparisonsC. explaining grammar rulesD. analyzing language changes【解析】选A。推理判断题。最后一段中通过“主动结构表达被动意义”和“保留表示复数的词尾”两个例子来说明英语对其他语言的语序或结构也有影响。故选A。9. What is the authors attitude towards language change?A. Critical. B. Objective. C. Concern

27、ed. D. Supportive. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。文章的叙述主要以第三人称视角, 引用了不同人的观点和意见, 作者本身没有发表看法, 因此可以推断作者对于语言转变的态度是“客观的”, 故选B。【知识拓展】背景链接来自汉语的英语词汇bonsai 盆栽(花卉)Confucius 孔子coolie 苦力 Kowtow 叩头;磕头kung fu 功夫 mahjong 麻将silk丝 Taiji太极tea茶(闽南语) tofu豆腐typhoon台风 oolong 乌龙茶. 完形填空I felt gloomy (沮丧的) the other day. The weather had been

28、 dark and rainy, and I just didnt feel so1. As I was sitting at my desk I 2 it was the birthday of a dear long-time frienda single middle-aged woman who has devoted the past 30 years to nursing and loves her 3. Knowing that she doesnt have family in town I 4 to give her a call. Sure enough she was o

29、n B-shift, 5 to work late into the evening and wouldnt have much of a birthday this year. As always, 6 , she sounded cheerful and was happy that I 7. After I hung up I couldnt 8 the feeling that she would really appreciate a little attention on her special day. 9 feeling a little gloomy myself, I tr

30、ied to put it out of my 10 , but as the day passed I couldnt shake the thought. I 11 gave in, and that evening set off to the hospital with a card, a cheese cake, and some balloons. My friends grateful smile and joyful surprise 12 me Id done the right thing and were a generous 13 for the little effo

31、rt it had taken. When I got home I realized that not only had I cheered up a 14 friend on her birthday but my own gloomy feelings had also 15. Making her day had made my own! Thats true 16 we take the time and make the effort to do something for someone else. Its like the little saying “Loving kindn

32、ess is twice blessed; it blesses him who gives, and him who 17. ”Cheering up people on their birthdays isnt the only thing we can do to make their day. Life constantly presents us with 18 to take an extra step or do a kind deed that will make a 19 to someone. And the 20 thing is that as we do, it changes things for the better for us too. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。文章讲述了作者通过给一个