人物传记类.docx

1、人物传记类人物传记类第一部分 五年高考题荟萃Passage 1(09浙江E篇)Four people in England back in 1953, stared at Photo 51,It wasnt mucha picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed the shape of DNA The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists J

2、ames Watson, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out. Her name was Rosalind Franklin.”She should have been up there,” says historian Mary Bowden.” If her photos hadnt been there, the others couldnt have come up with the structure.” One reas

3、on Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Click tried to make models by cutting

4、 up shapes of DNAs parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at Kings College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子). The rays produced patterns reflection the shape. But Wilkins and Franklins relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watso

5、n and Crick, Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant .But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered

6、Watson, who attacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to to go or be put in her place.”As Franklins competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In

7、 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin, Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.” No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other pl

8、ayer to solving the structure of DNA . She must be considered a co-discoverer,” Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”, Franklin is finally coming into the light.57. What is the text mainl

9、y about? A. The disagreements among DNA researchers. B. The unfair treatment of Franklin. C. The process of discovering DNA. D. The race between two teams of scientists.58. Watson was angry with Franklin because she . A. took the lead in the competition B. kept her results from him C. proved some of

10、 his findings wrong D. shared her data with other scientists59. Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA”? A. She developed pictures in dark labs. B. She discovered the black X-the shape of DNA. C. Her name was forgotten after her death. D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.60. What i

11、s the writers attitude toward Wilkins, Watson and Crick? A. Disapproving. B. Respectful. C. Admiring. D. Doubtful.答案 57.B 58.C 59.D 60.APassage 2(09重庆B篇)How to Be a WinnerSir Steven RedgraveWinner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病). Believing my career（职业生涯）

12、 was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was to no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it -the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isnt difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to my

13、self that I wasnt finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”Karen PickeringSwimming World Champion “I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to success-you cant follow a career in any field without being well-organized.

14、List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and youll be a step closer to achieving them.”Kirsten BestPoet & Writer“When things are getting hard, a voice inside my head tells me that I cant achieve something. Then, there are other

15、 distractions, such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as calm, peace or focus, either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature qui

16、te easily and is a powerful psychological（心理的） tool”60. What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?A. Difficulties influenced his career.B. Specialists offered him medical advice.C. Training helped him defeat his disease.D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win.61. What does Karen Pickering

17、put on top of her diary?A. Her training schedule.B. Her daily happenings.C. Her achievements.D. Her sports career.62.What does the underlined word “distractions” probably refer to？A. Ways that help one to focus.B. Words that help one to feel less tense.C. Activities that turn ones attention away.D.

18、Habits that make it hard for one to relax.63. According to the passage ,what do the three people have in common?A. Courage.B. Devotion.C. Hard work.D. Self-confidence.答案 60.D 61.A 62.C 63.DPassage 3(09宁夏、海南B篇)Computer programmer David Jones earns $35.000 a year designing new computer games. yet he c

19、annot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card（信用卡）Instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18. The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job Davids firm releases（推出）two new games for the fast growi

20、ng computer market each monthBut Davids biggest headache is what to do with his money. Even though he earns a lot he cannot drive a car take out a mortgage（抵押贷款）,or get credit cards David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago ,a year after leaving school with six O-levels and

21、working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs” he said David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week But most of his spare time is spent working.“Unfortunately, computin

22、g was not part of our studies at school “ he said “But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway” David added :”I would like to earn a millio

23、n and I suppose early retirement（退休）is a possibility You never know when the market might disappear.”60In what way is David different from people of his age?AHe often goes out with friendsBHe lives with his motherCHe has a handsome incomeDHe graduated with six O-levels61What is one of the problems t

24、hat David is facing now?AHe is too young to get a credit cardBHe has no time to learn drivingCHe has very little spare timeDHe will soon lose his job62Why was David able to get the job in the company?AHe had done well in all his examsBHe had written some computer programsCHe was good at playing comp

25、uter gamesDHe had learnt to use computers at school63Why did David decide to leave school and start working?AHe received lots of job offersBHe was eager to help his motherCHe lost interest in school studiesDHe wanted to earn his own living答案 60.C 61.A 62.B 63.CPassage 4(09陕西B篇)When people hear a pre

26、sident speak, they seldom think about others helping to shape the presentation（报告）. Today, however, presidents depend on writers such as J. Terry Edmonds to help them communicate （交流） effectively. Edmonds is the first African American ever to work as a full-time speechwriter for a U. S. president; h

27、e is so the first African American to serve as director of speechwriting for White House. His is an all-American story of success. Edmonds grew up in Baltimore, Maryland; his father drove a truck, and his mother worked as a waitress. A. great reader, Edmonds showed a gift for writing at his high Sch

28、ool, Baltimore City College After graduating in 1967 Edmonds went on to Morgan State University Edmonds began his career in business, with jobs in public relations and communications. He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman （国会议员） from Baltimore During Bill Clintons pre

29、sidency, he wrote speeches for Health and Human Services Secretary Donna Shalala and worked in a number of job in the White House and in governmental departments President Clinton then appointed （任命）him to the office of directory of speechwriting Following the 2000 elections Edmonds returned to Morg

30、an State University as the schools special assistant to the president for 2001-2002 45. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text? A. Edmonds proved himself to be good at writing at high school B. Edmonds graduated from Morgan State University in 1967. C. Edmonds was the first

31、full-time speechwriter. D. Edmonds served the White House after 2000. 46.Edmonds entered the world of politics first as . A. news secretary for a Congressman B. a speechwriter for President Clinton C. news secretary in the White House D. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala 47. The text is mos

32、t likely to be found in a book about . A. popular science B. historical events C. successful people D, Political systems 答案 45.A 46.A 47.CPassage 5(08广东C篇)Napoleon,as a character in Tolstoys War and Peace,is more than once described as having“fat little hands.”Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.”He is said to be “undersized,”with “short legs” and a “round stomac