精美英语读物99中英双语.docx

1、精美英语读物99中英双语精美英语读物99腹胀、粉刺、眼皮跳，身体这些“小毛病”说明了什么？我们多多少少会遇到一些身体上的“小毛病”，比如腹胀、长粉刺、舌苔发白、生溃疡等等。很多人觉得这不算什么大事，过些天也许自己就好了，但有时这却是身体给我们发出的健康警告，你的健康状况可能亮红灯了！1. Bloated tummy 腹胀A staggering 70 percent of us have reported suffering from regular bloating.多达70%的人经常腹胀。Your body is basically trying to tell you youre not

2、 digesting your food properly or that you have a food allergy or intolerance such as to wheat or lactose.你的身体其实是想告诉你，消化吸收出现了问题，或者出现了食物过敏或小麦、乳糖等不耐受的情况。Other common causes of bloating include hormonal issues, candida, constipation, too much sugar or booze, stress, dysbiosis (an imbalance between the g

3、ood and bad bacteria in our digestive tract) or IBS, said nutritionist Rick Hay.营养学家瑞克-海因说：“其他常见的腹胀原因包括激素问题、念珠菌感染、便秘、吃糖或饮酒过多、压力、生态失调（消化道有益菌和有害菌不平衡）、或者肠易激综合征。”Simply eating too much at once can also dilute down the acid in our stomach, rendering it unable to start breaking down the food efficiently.一

4、次进食过多也会稀释胃酸，使其无法有效分解食物。Furthermore, enzymes that act optimally at a lower, more acidic pH, cannot function as well which means that food remains only partially digested and needs to be broken down further.而且，消化酶在更低的偏酸性PH值环境下活性最佳，进食过多时消化酶也无法起效，这意味着食物只有部分被消化，尚需进一步分解。This is usually done by bacteria in

5、 the gut and the consequent fermentation process results in the release of gases that may also cause bloating.这一步骤通常由肠道细菌完成，随后的发酵过程会产生气体，也会导致腹胀。 2. Red inflamed skin and acne 红肿的皮肤和粉刺According to a 2013 review, the causes of skin inflammation and acne are many and will vary from person to person.根据2

6、013年的一项研究，导致皮肤发炎和粉刺的原因有很多，因人而异。However, the most common causes are often hormone-related. The review explains that testosterone is the hormone that promotes acne the most so acne is a big issue for males and teenage boys in particular.但最常见的原因与激素有关。研究解释说，睾酮最能刺激皮肤长粉刺，因此男性和十几岁的男孩们通常都面临粉刺的问题。But women a

7、lso tend to get acne flare ups about one week before their menstruation starts due to a dip in oestrogen levels which, funnily enough, prevent the development of acne.但在经期前一周，女性也很容易突然长粉刺，因为此时她们体内的雌激素含量突然下降，有趣的是，雌激素恰好可以抑制粉刺。When you get acne, your body may also be trying to alert you to an underlying

8、 hormonal or digestive disturbance, said Mr Hay.海因说：“如果你长了粉刺，身体也可能是想提醒你，你的激素水平可能出了问题，或者消化道功能紊乱。”It could also be a result of liver imbalance, poor diet especially if you eat too much carbohydrate, stress and allergies amongst other things.“也可能是肝功能紊乱，饮食不良，特别是如果你吃了太多的碳水化合物、压力过大、或者过敏等等。”Red inflamed ac

9、ne with a white discharge is usually indicative of excess carbohydrate consumption and bacterial overgrowth.有白头的红肿粉刺通常预示着你摄入了太多的碳水化合物，且体内有细菌过快生长。 3. White coating on the tongue 舌苔发白A thin white coating on the tongue can be indicative of digestive disturbances such as microbiome imbalance, iron or B

10、vitamin deficiency and possibly diabetes.舌头表面有一层薄薄的白舌苔可能表明你消化道功能紊乱，比如消化道微生物不平衡，体内缺铁和B族维生素，还可能有糖尿病。In the case of iron and vitamin B deficiency it is quite likely you will be feeling constantly tired, Mr Hay said.海因说：“如果是因为缺铁和B族维生素，你可能总是觉得疲惫。”Thick, white spots on the tongue that look like pus are mo

11、re likely to be oral thrush, leukoplakia, or oral lichen planus.“如果舌苔又白又厚，像是发脓，那更可能是患上了鹅口疮、黏膜白斑病、或者口腔扁平苔癣。” 4. Vertical and horizontal nail ridges 指甲上的横纹或竖纹Healthy looking nails should be smooth, curved, with a shine to them and have no spots.健康的指甲应该是光滑、有弧度、有光泽且无斑点。The thing about nails is that they

12、 can cause potentially serious self-image and self-esteem harm.指甲也可能严重影响你的自我形象和自尊心。Nail ridges themselves are nothing to be overly concerned about as far as physical health goes but if untreated, they can pose a social problem.如果从身体健康的角度看，指甲纹路本身并没什么可过于担心的。但如果不处理，可能会导致社交问题。That is not to say, however

13、, that you shouldnt have them checked out by your GP just to be on the safe side, Mr Hay said.海因说：“但为了确保万无一失，你还是应该让医生检查你的指甲。”Vertical ridges - not horizontal - can be a sign of anaemia or even rheumatoid arthritis, Medical News Today reports.据今日医学新闻网站报道，指甲上的竖纹（不是横纹）可能预示着贫血，甚至类风湿关节炎。 5. Cold sores an

14、d mouth ulcers 唇疱疹和口内溃疡For starters, mouth ulcers are found on the inside of the mouth on the gums, tongue and inner cheeks whereas cold sores develop on the outside on the lips.海因说：“首先，口内溃疡是长在嘴里面的，比如牙龈、舌头和内侧脸颊，而唇疱疹长在嘴唇上。”Most importantly, whilst mouth ulcers are indicative of a weakening immune sys

15、tem, they are non-contagious.“最重要的是，口内溃疡意味着我们免疫力较弱，但它并不通过接触传染。”Cold sores on the other hand are a manifestation of a dormant viral infection which flares up whenever our immune system becomes compromised for whatever reason.“但唇疱疹意味着你的体内有处于休眠状态的病毒性感染，免疫力低下或者在其他诱因下就会突然爆发。”They often start popping up a

16、s the weather gets colder and in times of stress both of which can weaken our bodys innate protective systems.“它们通常在天气转冷或者人们压力大时突然生出来，这两者都会削弱人体的自身保护机制。” 6. Yellowing of the eyes and/or skin 眼白或皮肤发黄Whereas yellowing of the skin may be attributed to an excess intake of beta carotene, vitamin A and vit

17、amin C, in which case it usually poses no threat, yellowing of the eyes is usually observed in people whose livers may be in trouble.“皮肤发黄可能是因为摄入了过多的胡萝卜素、维生素A和维生素C，一般没什么危害。但眼白发黄的人可能肝脏不好。”Jaundice occurs when a compound called bilirubin builds up in the body.“当胆红素在体内淤积时，人会患上黄疸。”The yellowing of the s

18、kin or eyes can be symptomatic of something more serious but they are all fundamentally either directly or indirectly related to the health status of the liver.“眼白或者皮肤发黄可能是更严重疾病的症状，但从根本上说，他们都直接或间接与肝脏的健康有关。”According to the NHS, jaundice can be caused by gallstones, alcoholic liver disease, pancreati

19、tis, hepatitis, sickle cell, amongst others.据英国国民健康体系，胆结石、酒精性肝病、胰腺炎、肝炎和镰状细胞等疾病都会导致黄疸。7. Eye twitches 眼皮跳If your eyes keep on twitching every now again out of nowhere, your body is trying to tell you that your nervous system is not very happy.如果你总是莫名其妙地眼皮跳，你的身体是想告诉你，你的神经系统出了点儿问题。But dont panic, eye t

20、witches are rarely a sign of anything to be concerned about and more often than not will stop by themselves.但不要慌，眼皮跳没什么可担心的，通常自己会停下来。Electrolyte imbalance and the hydration status of your body are quite often the culprits of nerve spasms and these can be easily fixed, Mr Hay said.海因说：“神经痉挛症的罪魁祸首通常是电

21、解质紊乱和身体的水化状态。这些问题很容易解决。”Eye twitches can also signify a magnesium deficiency.眼皮跳也可能表示体内缺镁。A recent article published in June this year on the scientific journal Nutrients by the American University of Washington reported that from a neurological standpoint, magnesium plays an essential role in nerve

22、 transmission and neuromuscular conduction. 今年6月，美国华盛顿大学的研究人员发表在营养物科学期刊上的一篇文章指出，“从神经学来看，镁在神经传输和神经肌肉传导中起着重要作用。”Magnesium is essential to nerve signal function, which is why lacking it could be causing your eye twitches.镁对神经信号功能很重要，因此缺镁可能导致眼皮跳。迪士尼为了提高女性员工的地位，做了点大事情说起迪士尼，这是一个造梦的公司。不少80后和90后的童年都被它承包了。（所

23、以现在上海迪士尼的游客反而是成人更多）但即便是这样一家造梦公司，也和很多大公司一样，存在着性别等方面的不平等；不管是显性的还是隐性的，不管是有意的还是无意的，这种问题一直存在。而现在，迪士尼想出了一个奇特的方法来提高女性员工的地位教她们一门新技能。“Youre about to learn what it means to be a software engineer. Youre about to learn a lot about this company, and how technology is used to make the magic. But I think the bigg

24、est part is, youre going to learn a lot about yourself.”“你即将了解成为一名软件工程师意味着什么。你将学到很多关于我们公司的知识，以及如何利用技术来实现魔法。不过我认为最重要的是，你会更了解你自己。”是的，这个新技能就是编程（coding）说刚刚这段话的时候，尼基卡茨（Nikki Katz）正在发表一番激动人心的讲话，这段对话发生的地点是位于加州的迪士尼总部大楼，房间里的墙上贴满了动画角色，如无敌浩克、冰雪奇缘里的雪宝，以及皮克斯制作的头脑特工队里的角色。作为迪士尼的技术副总裁（VP of technology），卡茨的职业背景并不出人意

25、料，包括斯坦福大学的学位和在雅虎等公司的工作经历。她面对的这群女性可并不是通常的那种技术型员工，她们加入迪士尼技术团队的方式很不一般。Theyre participants in CODE: Rosie, a program that gives women already at the company in non-technical roles an opportunity to switch careers.她们是CODE：Rosie项目的参与者，这个项目让那些在迪士尼公司从事非技术岗位的女员工有机会调到技术岗。距离卡茨几英尺之外的地方，就是项目参与者将要上课的地方，苹果电脑和欢迎包已经

26、在一排排的桌上摆放整齐。为期三个月的培训包括基本的计算机科学概念到Python等编程语言，之后她们将进入为期一年的学徒期，每半年进入公司的不同团队。然后，她们将有机会在迪士尼的技术团队中找到一份工作。15个月的经历足以改变参与者的生活方式，而不仅仅局限于立马得到一个工作机会。“Coding is the language of the modern world, because everything is centered around technology,” says Leilenah Mamea, a participant in the first CODE: Rosie class

27、who formerly worked in finance and now writes code for sites such as and . “Now I can contribute to that language and those conversations.”“编程是现代世界的语言，因为一切都以技术为中心，”第一届CODE：Rosie的参与者Leilenah Mamea说道。她之前曾在金融部门工作，目前为和等网站编写代码。“现在我可以为这一语言和交流做出贡献。”CODE: Rosie 是一个很重要的项目。不过从各个方面来看，这一项目真正有用的地方在于它那些切实可行的细节设计。

28、当然，要办起这样一个项目也不容易。迪士尼不得不从零开始创建关于这一项目的几乎所有东西，并且在某些情况下根据今年的班级重新思考。今年是第二批，也是首次面向迪士尼所有部门的女员工开放。“We havent found any precedentsinternally or externallyfor program like this,” says Katz.卡茨表示，“类似这样的项目，我们在公司内外找不到任何先例。”CODE：Rosie 中的CODE是Creating Opportunities for Diverse Engineers 的缩写，意思是为多元工程师创造机会。Rosie 部分来自

29、著名海报铆工罗茜（Rosie the Riveter），它是第二次世界大战期间工作女性的象征；公司内部的CODE Rosie的标志甚至描绘了米老鼠米妮模仿罗茜标志性的卷起袖子姿势。该项目特别向20世纪40年代为当时美国陆军最先进的ENIAC计算机编程的“罗茜们”表达敬意。在ENIAC编程人员帮助创造历史的几十年后，女性在软件工程领域发挥了重要作用。但美国计算机科学专业的女性比例在30多年前达到了顶峰，近年来却一直在下降。In a company with almost 200,000 employees around the world, a 20-person training effort

30、 like CODE: Rosie 2.0which is open only to Los Angeles-area stafferscant accommodate everyone who might benefit from it.迪士尼公司在全球拥有近20万名员工，像CODE：Rosie 2.0这样一个20人的培训项目，还仅对洛杉矶地区的员工开放，实在无法满足所有可能从中受益的人。卡茨强调该项目是一个精品人才培养计划，之后如何扩大开放范围也会有所限制。但她很快补充说，这个项目不仅改变了参与者的生活，而且也改变了迪士尼这家公司。“When you do something authen

31、tically, for the right reasons, that is maybe a little different from the way weve tried things before, it tends to have these ripple effects in the organization.” she says. 她说，“当你出于正确的理由真心去做某件事情时，可能与我们之前尝试过的有点不同，它往往会在组织中产生涟漪效应。”“And thats what Ive really loved about the program. Sure, for the women

32、 in the first cohort, there are many celebrities on campus. But also, for the rest of us, its just been really affirming that we get to work at a company that would invest in a program like this.”“这就是为什么我很喜欢这个项目。当然，对于第一届的女性参与者来说，班上有很多名人。但是，对于其他人来说，能够在一家愿意投资这类项目的公司工作真的非常鼓舞人心。”阿里巴巴成立独立芯片公司 加速AI芯片布局Alibaba Group Holding Ltd announced last Wednesday it will establish a dedicated chip subsidiary that aims to create