日语基础语音Basic Japanese pronunciation.docx

1、日语基础语音Basic Japanese pronunciation日语基础语音（Basic Japanese pronunciation）vowelThe definition of 1. vowels and the characteristics of Japanese vowelsThe general definition of vowels is that the vocal cords vibrate and the airflow is unimpeded by the passage of the mouth.Although the flow in the vowel un

2、hindered in the oral pathway, but the mouth (including mandibular opening, lip and tongue Exhibition Park) (including tongue height, anteroposterior position) subtle changes will make the vowel sound change subtly.Unlike Chinese, which has many compound vowels, the 5 vowels in Japanese are all units

3、.The characteristic of a unit tone is that the position of the vocal organ (including the mouth shape and tongue position) should be stabilized during the pronunciation, and the shape of the vocal tract can not be changed midway.In Japanese, even when the two vowels are connected, they are also dist

4、inct. For example, Chinese Grandpa in Ye, because of the mouth and tongue position from i to e so that the whole syllable tone sliding, gradual change, thus the boundary between i and e is vague; and the Japanese live in the opposite forms, from i to e but not sliding transients.In addition, the sta

5、bility of the Japanese vowel is also manifested in: no matter how the phonetic environment changes (i.e., no matter what comes before or later), the vowel itself has no significant change in timbre. For example, the timbre of Chinese a is different in the phonetic environment of an, Yan and Yang. Th

6、ey are respectively the first low vowel, the first half low vowel and the latter low vowel. Japanese vowels maintain a relatively stable tone in any phonetic environment without any significant change in tone.Comparing the Japanese and Chinese vowel and tongue bitmap, we can see that the reason for

7、the Japanese is that the mandibular opening is not big, and the range of tongue position is less than that of chinese. Therefore, when speaking Japanese, the opening and closing of the mouth and the movement of the tongue are smaller. This characteristic is related to the higher pronunciation freque

8、ncy (syllable number / time) required by japanese.In addition to the Japanese glottals and dial tone, the other in all syllables (and endings) are vowel. A vowel that is not correct will cause all the syllables to be combined with the vowel to be incorrect. Therefore, vowels are very important to ja

9、panese. Work hard and learn it well.2. the tuning areas and methods of Japanese vowelsThou (a)Japanese export or whether thou transverse longitudinal opening than the a in Chinese is small, so the pronunciation without her mouth too big.Due to the small opening of the jaw, tongue (that is formed bet

10、ween the back of the tongue and palate uplift of the narrowest point) higher than the Chinese a is slightly higher and slightly back, so the auditory impression on color is slightly darker, as bright as the Chinese a. The degree of muscle tension in the lips and tongue is also slightly lower than in

11、 the Chinese language.Pronunciation guidanceThis is most likely a relatively sound, but your lips and tongue muscles to relax, dont put too big mouth. In language stream, we should try our best to maintain the relative stability of timbre.Hai (I)The vertical opening of the mouth and mandible is simi

12、lar to the Chinese I, but the transverse opening of the mouth is smaller.The tongue position is slightly lower than the Chinese I. Chinese made I because the tongue is higher, sometimes feel a slight friction between the tongue and palate. Japanese live due to the gap between the tongue and palate i

13、s large, smooth flow. If you pronounce correctly, you should not feel the friction. This is the outer lip muscle relaxation.Pronunciation guidanceKeep your vocal organs in a natural state of relaxation. Do not use as much force as the Chinese I. Dont pull the corners of your mouth to both sides.In t

14、he speech stream, after the last vowel a or o, the height of the tongue will slow down slightly, is not a single sound when the last sound so clear. This is the so-called diphthongization phenomenon. But the last part in pronunciation consciousness still has strong independence. It maintains a clear

15、 boundary between the vowel and the front. The gliding process from a to i is very short and the tone is almost instantaneous. Pay attention to the distinction between the Chinese Vowel Ai and the chinese.U (U)Compared with the Chinese Vowel U in Japanese, but not complete lip flat forward, is a sho

16、w vowel.The traditional voice textbooks always emphasize the characteristics of the unrounded u on other factors dont speak much. But practice has proved that the mere change of lip garden can not change the tone of U. The Japanese complete pronunciation, lip effect even small enough to be ignored,

17、and the factors outside the lip is more important.From the opening of the mandible, the Chinese U to open large, opened about 5mm of the distance between the upper and lower incisors; Japanese complete mandibular opening is minimal, the upper and lower incisors overlap between the upper and lower mo

18、lars, the distance is very small.The Japanese complete tone, the tongue plays a very important role.Compared with the Chinese U, complete the lip and tongue muscles are more relaxed.Pronunciation guidanceThe lips and tongue muscles should not be too hard to keep the natural relaxation of the vocal o

19、rgans. There is no need to pay too much attention to lip circles, as long as they do not consciously push their lips forward. To focus on the tongue: recurrent Chinese -u, you can feel the movement of the tongue, to find the centre after a bit position, at the same time reduce the mandibular opening

20、 so that the upper and lower incisors overlap, basically complete the timbre of the japanese.Forms (E)Lip natural expansion. The corners of the mouth are neither too far apart nor inward. The lip of the longitudinal opening is smaller than thou.Mandibular opening between sweet and delicious, actuall

21、y a little close to the position.The tongue, with little difference between before and after the last forms of dimension (slightly back a little bit, and thou) compared to a lot of difference (thou tongue very late). In high dimension, located close to the position between the forms of live and live

22、 with thee.From tongue muscle tension, slightly higher than the rear forms of Chinese ie.Pronunciation guidanceIn the vowel forms, first identify the sweet tongue, the tongue to keep the central position before and after basic does not move, try to decline slightly before the height of tongue and to

23、ngue, in place you can get forms of tone. Keep the front height down too much.And (o)This is the only round vowel in Japanese: when you pronounce it, the corners of your mouth contract inward into a flat oval. The lip of the lateral opening is the smallest in Japanese, the longitudinal opening is sl

24、ightly larger than the longer than Chinese, but U should be smaller.Although the lip of the longitudinal opening is not big, but the opening of the jaw is not small: distance between the upper and lower incisors than Chinese U is even larger, with similar forms.From the high dimension point of view,

25、 the Japanese and the tongue a little higher than thou, and Chinese O is almost a high. But from the view of the position, and quite reliable, even close to the Japanese tongue uvula, the back of a vowel. The tongue position of Chinese O is relative to the a position in front and back dimensions.Fro

26、m tongue muscle tension, and slightly higher than the Chinese O.Pronunciation guidanceHair and sound, first identify the Chinese Vowels in the back of the tongue U, and then put the tongue to drop a little below at the same time, the opening of the mandibular again slightly open, and the sound can b

27、e obtained.Half vowelIn a fricative, the weaker, less friction, between the vowel and the consonant, is called the half vowel.There are two half vowels in Japanese: y and w. Compared with the semi vowel of Chinese, the Japanese half vowel is very close to vowel because of its weak friction.In syllab

28、les, the length of the Japanese half vowel is short, and the transition from the semi vowel to the vowel is instantaneous. That is to say, in the pronunciation of semi vowel gently short passing, otherwise it will be perceived as two syllables.Dont round your lips when youre making a w. The action o

29、f the rounded lips causes the lips muscles to become tense, thus increasing the articulation of the vowel sounds, and this extra movement can consume a lot of time. This is contrary to the Japanese short vowel in the syllables short and light characteristics.In Chinese, the lip semi vowel w has a fr

30、ee variant v, both of which can be freely substituted for each other, but the Japanese w does not have this variant.The consonants in English and other foreign languages, v, are close to the consonant b sounds in Japanese, so v becomes b when it is translated into japanese.Long vowelIn Japanese, the

31、 length of vowel is distinguished by meaning. Such as:As (corner) - Dhaka, DoCoMo (card): (stamp) - cancer was: cancer was complete (against)Wait。The length of a long vowel is approximately the same as that of the two. The back of the long vowel, or its second beat, is generally called the long tone

32、.For Chinese people, learning Japanese has two points that require special attention:One of the common mistakes is that the length of the beat is not long enough. This undermines the sense of rhythm inherent in Japanese, but also easily lead to misunderstanding. The two common mistakes is to love the long sound behind the mora also long sound, such as the complete examples examples and Dhaka, no read examples complete examples complete the form, and no. Th