阅读理解之猜词及选标题小题的答题技巧整理.docx

1、阅读理解之猜词及选标题小题的答题技巧整理阅读理解之猜词及选标题小题的答题技巧一般说来，阅读理解中学生容易丢分的小题是猜词题，推导题及选标题这三个小题，而这也是区分学生阅读能力的标志性题目，也是拉开学生分数的主要地方之一。怎样提高学生对这三个小题的得分一直是英语教师要思考的问题。教师教会学生的阅读方法和策略很重要。初中英语新课程标准中要求：使学生养成良好的英语学习习惯和形成有效的学习策略是英语课程的重要任务之一。教师要有意识地加强对学生学习策略的指导，让他们在学习和运用英语的过程中逐步学会如何学习。这其中要求英语教师应做到：引导学生结合语境，采用推测、查阅或询问等方法进行学习。这说明对学生学习策

2、略的指导是英语教师的教学任务之一。一旦学生养成了良好的英语学习习惯及掌握了相关的学习策略，学生就可能突破这些难点习题，从而提高成绩。除了常规的平时加强学生的阅读积累外，集中阶段性的课堂限时阅读训练是短时间内提高学生阅读能力和速度的有效方法。当然这还需要教师如何引导学生阅读及精辟的讲解。在平时的阅读教学中，教师除了要引导学生养成良好的阅读习惯外，对于课本中的一切阅读材料，可尝试设计出一定难度的猜词，推导及选标题题型及训练学生归纳阅读材料中部分段落的大意来体会作者的写作思路及目的，让学生逐步积累及提高自己的阅读能力。对于复习备考，教师要注意引导学生积累课本上的生词特别是部分单词的多义现象如：rea

3、ch到达，与取得联系；lift电梯，抬高、托起，（云、雾、烟等）消失、消散；meet遇到、碰到、迎接，符合等,为学生做好猜词题打下基础。在复习中，教师主要是如何引导学生结合语境或上下文来猜测生词、短语或句子的意思。对于选标题题型，教师在引导学生阅读时通过掌握以下三问题来把握文章大意及理解作者的写作意图：1、Whats the main idea of the passage ? 2、What can we learn from the passage ? 3、What does the writer want to tell us ? 学生可根据阅读材料淘汰不符合文章的选项，针对剩下的选项再读

4、短文找出短文中的相关语句来证明选项正确，从而选出正确的答案。特别提醒学生注意短文的首尾段的相关提示。在这个过程中，要告诫学生一定要仔细推敲不要轻易定答案。阅读课上老师组织学生阅读，少讲或不讲，但学生读后老师应简评阅读理解题，分析文章中的难句、难段和中心大意，帮学生找到与正确答案相关的词、句、段落和有用的表达方式。以下结合例题来讲解如何突破猜词题及选标题两类小题。例一：（原题号保留）It was the last day of the final examination in a collegeOn the steps of building，a group of engineering stu

5、dents were waiting for the last exam. On their faces was confidence They knew the exam would be easyThe professor had said they could bring any books or notes during the test. Right after they came into the classroom. The professor handed out the papersThere were only five questions on it. Three hou

6、rs passed. Then the professor began to collect the papersThe students no longer looked confident. On their faces was nervous expressionThe professor watched the worried faces before him，and then asked, “ How many of you have completed all five questions?” No hand was raised. “How many of you have an

7、swered four?” Still no hands. “Three？Two?” The students moved restlessly in their seats. “ One，then？Certainly somebody has finished one.” But the class kept silent. The professor said, “That is exactly what I expected. I just want to make you know clearly that even though you have completed four yea

8、rs of engineering, there are still many things about the subject you dont knowThese questions you could not answer are common in everyday practice.” Then, smiling, he added, “You will all pass this course，your education has just begun.” The years have obscured the name of this professor，but not the

9、lesson he taught.67. The underlined word“obscured”means _in the reading. A.模糊 B.回忆 C.提醒 D.改变70. What is the best title for the article？ A. Some Confident Students B. An Engineering Exam.C. An Interesting Professor. D. An Unforgettable Exam.解题分析：通过提问学生以上三个问题很容易让学生掌握本文的大意：一群开始很自信的大学生参加毕业考试，但没有一人能完成全部五

10、个习题。而这正是教授所期待的结果。教授通过这次考试告诉学生：四年的大学学习任务虽已完成，但生活实践中的学习才刚刚开始。这次考试学生虽然全部通过，但多年以后仍让作者记忆犹新（段尾得知）。因此，不难得出第70小题的答案是D。通过再次引导学生分析：教授的姓名文本中没有提及，多年以后学生仍然记住的是当年的考试，而不是教授的姓名，即：忘掉了教授的姓名。故第67小题的答案是A。例二：“Everything happens for the best,” my mother said whenever things werent going my way. “Dont worry, one day your

11、luck will change.”Mother was right, as I discovered after I had finished my college education. I had decided to try for a job in radio. One day, I wanted to host a sports program. I went to Chicago and knocked on the door of every station. But I got turned down every time.In one station, a kind lady

12、 said my problem was that I hadnt got enough experience. “Get some work with a small station and work your way up,” she said.I went back home. I couldnt get a job there, either. Then my dad told me a businessman had opened a store and needed someone to help him. But again, I didnt get the job.I felt

13、 really down. “Your luck will change,” Mom said to me. Dad lent me the car to help me to look for my job. I tried another radio station in Iowa. But the owner, a nice man, told me he had already had someone.As I left his office, I asked, “How can someone be a sports announcer (播音员) if he cant get a

14、job in a radio station?”I was waiting for the lift when I heard the man call. “What did you mean? Do you know anything about football?” He put me in front of a microphone and asked me to try to imagine that I was giving my opinion on a football game, I succeeded.On my way home, Moms words came back

15、to me, “One day your luck will change, son. And when it happens, itll feel doubly good because of all the hard work youve had.” At that moment I knew what just she meant.58. The underlined sentence “But I got turned down every time” means _.A. But I was refused every time B. But I was successful eve

16、ry timeC. But I lost my way every time D. But the door of every station was always closed60. The best title of this passage is _.A. Mothers Words B. Everything Happens For The BestC. No One Is Always Lucky D. A Sports Announcer解题分析： 同样教师通过提问学生以上三个问题让学生知晓本文的大意：作者想在广播站找一份体育主持人的工作但屡屡碰壁，最后凭借妈妈一次次的鼓励的话让作

17、者终于如愿以成。故根据短文的大意及上下文的提示不难得出第58小题的答案是A ；再根据短文首尾段的提示，是妈妈的话让作者在失败后终于成功地找到了工作。故第60小题的答案应是A 。请根据以上例题的解题分析完成以下三篇短文的相关小题。AFor long, a little boy was wondering why his next-desk-pal could get first in the class whenever he wanted to, but he himself failed to: he only ranked 21st.At home, he asked his Mom, “

18、Mom, am I more stupid than others?” Hearing the words, Mom went wordless, not knowing how to explain.In another test, the son ranked 17th, while his pal remained first. Back home, he raised the same question. How to answer her sons question? There were times she found simple excuses, “You are too la

19、zy. You are not ” but she stopped. She thought it was cruel (残忍) to his son who was suffering from the pains of unsatisfied grades and rankings. And she was trying to find out a perfect answer.Time passed by, the son finished primary school. Though studying harder and better, he was still unable to

20、keep up with his pal. To show her pride of him, Mom decided to take him to the sea. During the trip, she managed to give out an answer.Now, the son no longer worries about his rankings, because, with the first ranking, he is accepted by Tsinghua University. He was invited to address the students and

21、 parents in his high school. In the speech, he mentioned an valuable experience in his childhood, “When my mother and I was lying on the beach, she pointed to the front and said, Do you see the seabirds looking for food over there? When the waves come near, little birds can rise quickly while “clums

22、y (笨拙的)” sea-gulls (海鸥) would take more time to fly into the sky. However, have you noticed birds that finally fly across the endless ocean are “clumsy” sea-gulls, not little birds.” The moving speech made many mothers present into tears, including his mother.( )1. The underlined word “ address” is

23、the closest in meaning to _.A. give a talk B. find a place C. have a show D. teach a lesson ( )2. Which is the best title of the passage? A. Sons Question B. Seagulls C. Moving Speech D. A Perfect AnswerBPerhaps the only test score that I remember is the 55 when I was in high school.The test was the

24、 final for a course. I remember waiting anxiously as my teacher Mr. Rightpassed out our papers one by one. It was a rather difficult test. I heard my classmates groaning,and I could tell by the groans that the scores werent looking good.Mr. Right put my paper on my desk. There in big red numbers, ci

25、rcled to draw attention, was my score, 55!I lowered my head, and covered the score up quickly. A 55 is not something that you wantedyour classmates to see. “The scores were not very good, none of you passed,” Mr. Right said.“The highest score in the class was a 55.”A 55.Thats me!Suddenly my sad look

26、 didnt look so bad. I had the highest score. I felt a lot better.I walked home alone that day with the low but high score. My father knew that I had a big test that day and asked me as soon as I got home,“How did you do in your test？”“I made a 55,”Isaid.A frown（皱眉）now stood on my fathers face. I kne

27、w I had to explain immediately.“ But Dad, I had the highest score in the class,” I proudly stated. I thought that explanation would make a difference. “You failed!” my father replied. “But its the highest!” I insisted. “I dont care whatscores others had, but you failed. What matters is what you do!”

28、 my father firmly said.For years, my father was always that way. It didnt matter what others did, it only mattered what I did and that I did it excellently.We often dont understand the wisdom（智慧）of good parents until we ourselves stand in theparents shoes. My fathers words have carried me throughout

29、 life.( )1. The word groaning is the closest in meaning to_.A.singingB.laughing C.complainingD.quarreling( )2. Which is the best title of the passage？A.The Final Test B.Thats Me!C.My strict Teacher D.Scores, Important？CRobert had just moved into the street and he felt strange that he was not wanted.

30、 He knew that perhaps the other boys were trying to get an idea of what kind of a boy he was. This did not help to make him less lonely. He was new and he had to be tested. Still, proving(证明) himself would not be all that easy. He did not want to run with bad boys or get into something against the l

31、aw(法律)to prove he was strong. NO! He must show what he was made of in a more helpful way. Thats when he got the idea. The next day was Saturday. He knew that most of the boys would be down on the playground and choose up sides for the Saturday game. Robert knew he could play well and that just might

32、 be enough to prove he was strongand to make friends with them .He arrived early and did his step exercises. He threw the ball several times and did some other exercises-the most difficult and most wonderful in basketball. Then the boys came. Robert went through what he done before the game and showed what he could do. No one said a word. The boys just looked at each other and thought about it. In the end, when the game was all over