隐喻与狄更斯远大前程中的环境铺垫.docx

1、隐喻与狄更斯远大前程中的环境铺垫BA DissertationEn vir onment Beddi ng and Meton ymyin Dicke ns s Great ExpectationsBA Candidate Cao DanweiSupervisor Hu YumingWest Anhui UniversityMay, 2013AcknowledgementsHere I avail myself of this opport unity to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those who have helped me in th

2、e course of writing this paper.Firstly, I would like to thank my dear supervisor, Mr. Hu Yuming, for his constant encouragement and guidanee. Hehas walked me through all the stages of the writing of this dissertation. He has offered me valuable ideas, suggestions and criticism with the profound know

3、ledge in his researchexperie nee. Without his con siste nt and illu min at ing in structi on, this dissertati on would n ever come to its prese nt form.Secon dly, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all the teachers who educated and cultivated me to be a qualified teacher in the future

4、 in the past two years.Fin ally, my tha nks would go to my beloved family for their loving con siderati ons and great con fide nce in me all through these years. I also owe my sin cere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in liste ning to me and help ing m

5、e work out my problems duri ng the difficult course of the thesis.AbstractCharlesDicke ns(1812 -1870),gen erallyregardedas thegreatestliteraryauthor of histimein VictorianEn gla nd,enjoyeda widerpopularity tha nanyotherpreviousauthorshad done dur ing his whole lifetime. Dicke ns s later work GreatEx

6、pectations (1861), which was considered as his artisticmasterpiece, was the most perfectly constructed of allDicke ns s no vels. This thesis carefully an alyzed therelatio nship betwee n metonymy and the en vir onmentbeddi ng in Dicke ns s Great Expectatio ns to achieve a betterun dersta nding of th

7、is no vel. This thesis was comp onen ted of four chapters. Chapter one was a brief introduction to thisthesis, the life and career of Charles Dicke ns. Chapter Twodiscussed the figure of en vir onment bedd ing in Great Expectation . Chapter Three focused on the figure of metonymy in Great Expectati

8、on and the relati on ship betwee n metonymy and environment bedding in this novel. The last chapter concluded that the author used much metonymy rhetoric to make the environment bedding more vivid. The use of them was well complemented with each other in this novel.It was important for one to pay at

9、tention to the importance of using rhetoric and writing techniques in writing.Key words : Charles Dicke ns; Great Expectati on ; en vir onment beddi ng; met onymy摘要查尔斯狄更斯(1812 - 1870 ),被认为是维多利亚时代英国 最伟大的文学天才。他的受欢迎程度比以往任何作者都高。 狄更斯的 后期作品远大的前程(1861 )，是他的艺术杰作，是狄更斯所有 小说中最完美的。这篇论文分析了在远大前程中换喻和环境铺垫 的关系，以便更好地

10、理解这部小说。全文包括四大部分。第一章前言, 简单的介绍了文本内容，狄更斯的生平和职业生涯。第二章主要是小 说的写作手法之一的环境铺垫进行描述分析。 第三章重点对修辞手法 换喻在远大前程中的作用进行分析，以及换喻和环境铺垫在这部 小说中的关系。最后一章为结论，狄更斯在小说中换喻的使用让环境 铺垫的描写更为生动。换喻和环境铺垫在小说中的使用是对各自很好的补充。因此，在写作中注意对修辞手法和写作技巧的运用是非常重 要的。关键词：查尔斯狄更斯；远大前程；环境铺垫；转喻ContentsAck no wledgeme nts “:.乖.Abstract (En glish Version) : iiAb

11、stract (Ch in ese Version)Contents ivChapter I In troducti on 1 1.1In troducti on to Charles Dicke ns ：11.2In troductio n to GreatExpectations 3Chapter II En vir onment bedd ing in GreatExpectations 62.1En vir onment foreshadow ing innovels ：.t.72.2E nvir onment foreshadow ing in GreatExpectation .9

12、Chapter III Meto nymy in GreatExpectations ：113.1The defi niti on of metonymy .：113.2Met on ymy in GreatExpectations ：123.3The correlation between metonymy and environmentbedding .1317Chapter IV Con clusi on .16BibliographyChapter I IntroductionCharles Dicke ns (1812 -1870) , gen erally regarded as

13、thegreatest literary geniuses of his time in Victorian England,enjoyed a wider popularity tha n any previous author had done duri ng his lifetime. Dicke ns s later work Great Expectati ons (1861), which was regarded as his artistic masterpiece, was the most perfectly constructed of among all his nov

14、els. Heconcentrated on bottom peoples kindness, warmth and thepower of moral in flue nee. Great Expectatio ns reflected four differe nt period s in terpers onal relati on ship and the cha nge of the psychological activity of Pip. In order to describe the development of protagonist s character, the a

15、uthor incisively and vividly expla ined how a country in spired a nice young man who then gradually developed into upper class as a gen tlema n but end with bad habits and disillusi on1.1In troducti on to Charles Dicke nsCharles Dicke ns (1812 870), was the most popular En glish novelist of the Vict

16、orian period. During his life, his works enjoyed unprecedented fame, and by the twentieth century his literary genius was broadly ack no wledged by critics and scholars. His novels and short stories continue to be widely popular (Laurenee, 2008: 76). Although he had little formal education, his earl

17、y impoverishment drove him to succeed. He contributed quite a lot to the development of British Literature.He edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels, 5 novellas and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured over his career (Chesterton, 2008: 10-12). Of all his books

18、, Dicke ns showed his great concern toward the society he lived in. The continuing popularity of his novels and short stories is that they have never gone out of print. The begi nning of the no vel was set shortly after Dicke ns s birthdate (1812) in the country of his childhood-the Kentish coun try

19、side by the sea. Dicke ns was n t an orpha n, as Pip was,but he may well have felt like one. His pare nts were sociable, pleasant people, but when Charles, who was the eldest boy, was nine, Dicke ns s family pulled up roots and moved to London to try to live more cheaply. Charles was appalled by the

20、 cramped, grubby house they lived in and even more ashamed whe n his father was arrested and take n to debtors pris on. The rest of the Dicke ns was allowed to move into prison with their father, but twelve-year-old Charles had to live on his own outside. After his father was released from the pris

21、on, Dicke ns retur ned to school. He eve ntually became a law clerk, the n a court reporter, and fin ally a no velist.Dicke ns loved the style of the 18th cen tury picaresque novels which he found in abundance on his fathers shelves. According to Ackroyd, other than these, perhaps the mostimporta nt

22、 literary in flue nee on him was derived from thefables of The Arabian Nights (Ackroyd, 1990: 44-45). His first novel, the Pickwick Papers, became a huge popular success whe n Dicke ns was only twen ty-five. Within a few years he had become an international literary celebrity, famous for hishumour,

23、satire, and kee n observati on of character and society.His novels, most published in monthly or weekly instalments, pioneered the serial publication of narrative fiction, whichbecame the dominant Victorian mode for novel publication (Grossman, 2012: 54). His 1843 novella, A Christmas Carol , was on

24、e of the most in flue ntial works ever writte n, and it rema ined popular and continued to in spire adaptati ons in every artistic genre. His creative genius had bee n praised by fellow writersfrom Leo Tolstoy to G. K. Chestert on and George Orwell for its realism, comedy, prose style, unique charac

25、terisations, and social criticism. He published his works extensively and was considered a literary celebrity until his death in 1870.Dicke ns was the most popular no velist of his time, and remained one of the best known and most read of English authors.1.2In troduction to Great Expectatio nsGreat

26、Expectations was one of the most mature works of Charles Dicke ns, which main ly toldthe hero Pip look ing for his great expectati on. At the ope ning of the no vel, Pip was a pare ntless young boy. His pare nts and sibli ngs had passed away, and he was left to his elder sister. A defi nitely ragged

27、 convict was stari ng dow n at him, who played a very important role in Pip s life. As Pip grew up, he became the subject of some unknown party s very great expectations and was en dowed with con siderable wealth un expectedly.The themes are ofte n the fun dame ntal and uni versal ideasexplored in a

28、 literary work. The moral theme of Great Expectati ons was quite simple: affecti on, loyalty, and conscienee are more important than social advancement,wealth, and class. Dicke ns established the theme and showed Pip lear ning this less on, largely by explori ng ideas of ambiti on and self-improveme

29、nt. Pip s desire for self-improvement was the main source of the novel s title: because he believed in thepossibility of adva nceme nt in life, he had “great expectati ons ”about his future.There was no doubt that the way the author described his characters and developed them was fabulous. Each char

30、acter played an in flue ntial role in Pip s life. All these roles and the brillia nt way in which they were plot-developed were related to Pip showed a feeling of familiarity and nostalgia.Moreover, the no vel was filled with hardships and con flictsfor Pip as well. It was clear that Pip had a defin

31、ing wish to improve himself, but also an intense conscienee throughout the no vel. At the begi nning of the book, Pip eagerly desired to rise himself above surro undings and made the most of himself as possibly as he can, and eve n more. The desire really bega n with his introduction to Miss Havisha

32、m, a very strange woman who lived in the Satis House uptown. He met not only Miss Havisham but the young adopted girl Estella there, whom was raised by Miss Havisham since early childhood. Pip was almost instantly attracted by her beauty, yet she scorned him sharply.Pip couldn tunderstand why she treated him like this, and was very embarrassed of himself and his backgr ound