英语四六级常考翻译.docx

1、英语四六级常考翻译一、历史文化四大文明古国：中华人民共和国在亚洲东部，是世界上人口最多国家。中华人民共和国是世界四大文明古国之一，拥有大量中华文化光辉古迹，此外，中华人民共和国地大物博，拥有茂密森林、雄伟壮丽瀑布、秀丽湖泊和如利剑直插云霄山峰，所有这些所有令世界各国人民神往。但是，更核心是，中华人民共和国以拥有五千近年历史而自豪，遗留下无数历史文物，其中包括贵重珠宝、古迹名胜、宫殿及数不尽雄伟建筑，令人惊叹不已。这种种因素所有增进中华人民共和国成为诸多人梦寐以求旅游胜地。China lies in the east of Asia and it has the largest populati

2、on in the world. China is also one of the four countries in the world that have an ancient civilization，Besides，it has a vast territory with such abundant natural resources as dense forests，magnificent waterfalls，majestic and beautiful rivers and lakes，and mountains whose peaks reach high into the s

3、ky like swords. All these make China a singularly attractive place to tourists around the world. But，most importantly，China boasts a history of over five thousand years with innumerable historical relics left over from the long past，such as priceless pearls and jewels，historic sites and scenic spots

4、，palaces and edifices of architectural richness，all of which have won peoples admiration. You are sure to find great enjoyment from all these attractions in China，a much-admired dream land.中华老式文化：中华民族老式文化博大精深，源远流长。早在 近年前，就产生了以孔孟为代表儒家学说和以老庄为代表道家学说，和其他诸多也在中华人民共和国思想史上有地位学说流派，这就是有名“诸子百家”。从孔夫子到孙中山，中华民族老式

5、文化有它诸多贵重品质，诸多人民性和民主性好东西。例如，强调仁爱，强调群体，强调和而不同样，强调天下为公。特别是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”爱国情找，“民为邦本”，“民贵君轻”民本思想，“己所不欲勿施于人”待人之道，吃苦耐劳，勤俭持家，尊师重教老式美德，世代相传。所有这些，对家庭，国家和社会起到了巨大维系和调节作用。The traditional Chinese culture，both extensive and profound，starts far back and runs a long，long course. More than 2,000 years ago，there emerged

6、in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius，Taoism represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi，and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought，all being covered by the famous term” the masters hundred schools.” The traditional Chinese culture p

7、resents many precious ideas and qualities，which are essentially populist and democratic. For example，they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations，on the interest of the community，on seeking harmony without uniformity and on the idea that the world is for all. Especially，

8、patriotism as embodied in the saying ”Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country”；the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”；the code of conduct of “Treat others as you want to be treated”.And the tra

9、ditional virtues taught from generation to generation:endurance and hard working diligence and frugality in household management,and respecting teachers and valuing education.All of which have played a great role in binding and regulating the family,the country and the society.汉语：从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老语言，

10、其最早中文已有近四千年历史了。中文在其漫长发展史中演化成诸多不同样书写形式，例如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中华人民共和国书法家往往使中文字形夸张以获得艺术效果，例如旅游胜地某些石刻碑文。中华人民共和国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣提高，咱们将适时简介中华人民共和国书法流派，和如何欣赏中华人民共和国书法艺术性。In a sense，Chinese is a very old language，and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago. During their long history of de

11、velopment，Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms，such as the Seal script，Clerical script，Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty，such as those in stone inscrip

12、tions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come，we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy，and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.孔子

13、：孔子(ConfUcius)是一位思想家、政治家，教诲家，也是中华人民共和国儒 学(the Ru School)思想创始人。儒学(Confucianism)，这个道德和 宗教哲学大系统建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)教学上。冯友兰， 中华人民共和国思想史上20世纪伟大权威之一，把孔子在中华人民共和国历史上影 响比作西方苏格拉底。Confucius was a thinker，political figure，educator，and founder of the Ru School of Chinese thought. Confucianism，the great system of

14、moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Kung. Fung You-lan，one of the great 20th century authorities on the history ofChinese thought，compares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the West.红楼梦：红楼梦问世二百年以来,通过汉文原文和各种译文读过此书人,不知有多少亿!这样多读者哪一种是先看批评家文章,然

15、而再让批评家牵着鼻子走,按图索骥地去读原作呢?我看是绝无仅有。一切文学作品,特别是象红楼梦这样伟大作品,内容异常地丰富,包括到社会层面异常地多,简直象是一种宝山，一座迷宫。而读者群就更加复杂，她们来读红楼梦，会各就自己特点，欣赏该书中某一种方面，受到鼓舞，受到启发，引起了爱慕;也也许受到打击，引起了憎恶。综上所述是千差万别。Ever since the publication of A Dream of Red Mansions some 200 years ago，hundreds of millions of people have read its Chinese original or

16、 its translations in various languages. Of these innumerable people，how many have read the novel by starting with a perusal of the critics articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel?Next to none. All literary works，especially a monumental one li

17、ke A Dream of Red Mansions，are extremely rich in content and involve diverse social strata-to such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a labyrinth. And the readers are even more complicated，differing from each other in family background. They will each appreciate a certa

18、in aspect of the novel according to their own individuality. They may feel inspired and enlightened，and hence love it，or they may feel hurt，and hence loathe it. In short，the reactions vary.二、老式节日春节：春节庆祝活动是一年中最核心庆祝活动。中华人民共和国人庆祝春节办法也许略微不同样，但其愿望几乎是相似，她们盼望其家人和朋友来年健康和幸运。春节庆祝活动普通持续15天。庆祝活动包括春节年夜饭，放鞭炮，给小朋友

19、压岁钱，春节钟声和春节问候。大多数中华人民共和国人将在春节第7天停止庆祝活动，由于全国性节假普通在这一天结束，但在公共场合庆祝活动也许最后持续到正月十五。Chinese New Year Celebration is the most important celebration of the year. Chinese people may celebrate the Chinese New Year in slightly different ways but their wishes are almost the same；they want their family members an

20、d friends to be healthy and lucky during next year.Chinese New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 days. Celebratory activities include Chinese New Feast，firecrackers，giving lucky money to children，the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year Greetings. Most of Chinese people will stop the celeb

21、rating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day，however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New Year.清明节：清明节习俗是丰富有趣，除了讲究禁火、扫墓，尚有踏青、荡秋千、蹴鞠、打马球、插柳等一系列风俗体育活动。相传这是由于清明节要寒食禁火，为了防止寒食冷藏伤身，因此人们来参加某些体育活动，以锻炼身体。因此，这个节日既有祭扫新坟生别死离

22、得悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩欢笑声，是一种富有特色节日。Ching Ming Festival (the Tomb-sweeping Festival)，the custom is full of interesting. In addition to pay attention to ban fire，tomb-sweeping，as well as spring outing，swinging，Cuju，playing polo，Liu inserted a series of custom sports. According to legend，this is because the Chin

23、g Ming Festival to Cold Food Observance ban fire，in order to prevent the Cold Food Observance buffet beverages，so we come to participate in some sports，in order to exercise. Therefore，this festival which has both the acid tears of sorrow for the died and the laughter from the players，is a distinctiv

24、e holiday.元宵节：和大多数中华人民共和国节日同样，元宵节同样有自己特色小吃，成为“汤圆”(也叫“元宵”)。汤圆外形圆圆，外皮由糯米制成，内陷或甜或辣。人们所有说汤圆有两个象征之意，一为农历第30天圆，二为家庭团聚圆满。元宵节老式习俗中尚有一某些是有关猜灯谜游戏。在过去，这些谜语大多余自于模糊文学典故和中华人民共和国古典文学之中，因此猜灯谜此前多为知识份子“领地”。踩高跷，敲大鼓和舞龙狮也是元宵节核心娱乐活动。Like most Chinese festivals，the Lantern Festival has its own special food，called “tang yu

25、an”. These are round，glutinous rice dumplings with sweet or spicy fillings. The dumplings are said to symbolize both the first full moon and family utility and completeness. Part of the lantern festival tradition involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns. In the old days the riddles

26、were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics and so were mainly the preserve of the educated classes. Stilt-walking，drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival.端午节：端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰大臣（minister）,她给国家带来了和平和繁华。但最后由于受到诽谤（vilif

27、y）而最后投河自杀。人们撑船到她自杀地方，抛下粽子，盼望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原身躯。几千年来，端午节特色在于吃粽子（glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，特别是在某些河湖密布南方省份。The Duan Wu Festival，also called the Dragon Boat Festival，is to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister，who brought peace and prosperity to the state but

28、 ended up drowning himself in a river as a result of being vilified.People got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water,hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of Qu Yuans body. For thousands of years，the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat

29、 races，especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and lakes.中秋节：农历八月十五日是中华人民共和国老式节日中秋节。在这天，每个家庭所有团聚在一起，一家人共同观赏象征丰裕、和谐和好运圆月。此时，大人们尽情吃着美味月饼，品着热腾腾香茗，而孩子们则在一旁拉着明亮兔子灯尽情玩耍。月宫里美丽仙女嫦娥神话故事予以了这个节日神话色彩。传说古时候，天空曾有10个太阳围着地球旋转。后翌射下了其中9个太阳，拯救了地球上生灵。她偷了长生不老药，却被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，从而产生了嫦娥奔月故事。The Mid-Autu

30、mn Festival falls on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar month. It is a time for family members to congregate and enjoy the full moon，which is a symbol of abundance，harmony and luck. Adults usually indulge in fragrant mooncakes of various kinds with a good cup of hot Chinese tea，while the chi

31、ldren run around with their brightly-lit rabbit lanterns. The festival was endowed a mythological flavour with legends of Chang-E，the beautiful lady in the moon. According to Chinese mythology，the earth once had 10 suns circling over it. Hou Yi，shot down 9 of the suns to save all the lives on carth.

32、 He stole the elixir of life，which can make people immortal. However，his wife，Chang-E drank it. Thus the legend of Chang-E flying into the moon came into being.三、老式事物筷子：中华人民共和国人使用筷子已有3 000近年历史了。中华人民共和国筷子夹菜一端是圆，象征着天；另一端是方，象征着地。这是由于，维持充分食物供应是天地之间最核心事情。中华人民共和国有个古老风俗，女子出嫁时要用筷子当嫁妆，由于“筷子”和“快子”谐音。根据中华人民共和国

33、餐桌礼仪，吃饭时始终握着筷子是不礼貌。将菜送入口中后，应及时把筷子放下。吃饭时，用筷子指着她人会对其导致冒犯。There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks. Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven，and the other end is square which symbolizes the earth. It is because maintaining an adequate food su