高一英语Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero人教实验版知识精讲.docx

1、高一英语Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero人教实验版知识精讲高一英语Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero1. 重点单词短语用法讲解2. 课文难点句解析3. 定语从句讲解二. 知识总结与归纳：单元内容简介：1. 继续了解英雄人物的基本情况。2. 继续定语从句的用法。三. 重点讲解与归纳：1. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we shou

2、ld have been asleep.when: 关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰breaks和eveningsshould have done：本来应该做而没有做的事He should have come here in the morning.他本该早上就来的。Mr. Wang should have arrived at 8:00, but he didnt appear.他应该八点钟到的，但是却没有出现。拓展：1）shouldnt have done 本来不该做却做了的事情You shouldnt have cheated in the exam. 你考试时不该作弊。2）must hav

3、e done 过去一定做过某事It must have snowed last night. 昨天晚上一定下雪了。3）cant have done 过去不可能做过某事He cant gone to Shanghai. I saw him just now. 他不可能去上海了。我刚刚还看见他了。4）neednt have done 本来不必做某事而做了You neednt have washed your clothes. 你本来用不着洗衣服的。asleep：表语形容词，跟在系动词之后作表语，表示“睡着的”sleep：动词或名词，“睡觉”sleepy：形容词，“打盹”的Is he still s

4、leeping? 他还在睡吗？Yes, he is fast asleep. 是的，他睡得很熟。Im too sleepy to hear the end of the concert.我太困了，没有听完音乐会。发散：fall asleep 入睡go to sleep 入睡be fast/sound asleep 酣睡、睡熟sleep late 睡懒觉2. I became a good student and wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that.degree:1）学位课程，学位He took a med

5、ical degree. 他获得了医学学位。2）度，度数The temperature rose 10 degrees. 温度升高了10度。A right angle has 90 degrees. 直角是90度。3）程度He has a high degree of ability. 他能力很强。发散：take a degree 攻读学位have a degree 拥有学位a doctors degree 博士学位a masters degree 硕士学位a bachelors degree 学士学位to a degree = to a certain degree 在某种程度上3. He

6、said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.stop sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事We tried to stop him (from) smoking. 我们试图阻止他吸烟。They were stopped from entering the building. 他们被阻止进入那幢大楼。4. As they were cleverer than me, but did pass their exams, I knew I could get a degree too.did pas

7、s: 强调结构强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前面加do, does或didDo be careful! 千万小心！He does sing very well. 他唱歌确实很好。You did say that word. 你的确说过那个字。注意：do的这种用法只用于肯定句，且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。5. Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.since: 由于，既然，表原因辨析：since, as, because, forbecause表原因的语气最强，经常表示听者未知的原因。since意为“由于，既然”

8、，表示已知的或大家都清楚的原因as有时可与because互换，但语气不如because强烈for引导的句子对前一句话起补充说明的作用，前面有逗号隔开educated:1）adj. 受过教育的，受过训练的He was highly educated and could make money. 他受过了高等教育，可以赚钱了。2）v. 教育，培养educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事educate sb. about/on sth. 就某事教育某人Its not an easy job to educate children.教育孩子不是一件简单的事。Teachers educ

9、ate students to protect themselves.老师训练学生自我保护。Parents educate teenagers about the dangers of smoking.他们教育青少年认识吸烟的危害。发散：education n. 教育educational adj. 教育的educator n. 教育家，教师6. I did not work for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in e to power: 上台，执政发散：be in power 执政，掌权get into p

10、ower 上台lose power 下台return to power 重新执政7. They said that the job and the pay from the now South African government was my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.reward:1）n. 报答，报偿，奖赏He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作努力但报酬不多。2）v. 酬谢，报答reward sb. with sth. 用酬谢某人rewar

11、d sb. for sth. 因而酬谢某人They rewarded me with a prize. 他们给我一笔奖金作酬谢。I was rewarded for my hard work. 我的工作得到了报酬。3）in reward 作为报酬She got nothing in reward. 她没有得到任何报答。8. He was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island for being one of their leaders.sentence:1）v. 判决，宣判The killer was sentenced to death.

12、 凶手被判处死刑。2）n. 判决，判刑He is serving a sentence of six months in prison. 他在狱中服刑6个月。发散：heavy/light sentence 重/轻判death sentence 死刑life sentence 终生监禁语法定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等

13、。使用要点1. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，不能省略。e.g. The classroom that is on the fourth floor is poorly equipped.2. 关系代词在从句中作宾语且前面没有介词时，常可省略。e.g. The food (that) they are eating is nice.This is the girl with whom he works.3. 关系副词在定语从句中不可省略。e.g. I have come to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting.4. 只用tha

14、t，不用which的情况：a. 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；b. 当先行词前有the only, the very, the last等词修饰时；c. 当先行词为anything, nothing, something, everything, all, little, much等不定代词修饰时；d. 当先行词前有all, every, no, some, any, little, much, few等词修饰时；e. It is 句型中的引导定语从句时。5. 只用which，不用that的情况：a. 引导非限制性定语从句时；b. 引导词前有介词时；c. 一个句子中若有两个定语从句，一

15、个用that引导，另一个用which引导。e.g. He bought a book that could give him much knowledge and which could help him to kill the time.6. 当those作为先行词指人时，通常只能用who引导。7. as 从句的先行词是the same, such, 或被它们所修饰；多用于表示肯定意义的从句中，不用于表否定意义的从句中。e.g. Many of the sports are the same as they were when they started.The result was not

16、such as he expected.It was raining hard, which(as) was unexpected.8. 介词+关系代词要根据a. 谓语动词的固定搭配 e.g. This is the evidence with which the case is connected.b. 先行词 e.g. Ill never forget the day on whichwhen I joined the party.c. 句子表达的意思 e.g. The boss in whose department Mr King worked got sacked.d. 在非限制性定

17、语从句中，名词代词+of+whichwhom表示整体与部分的关系e.g. The workers, some of whom stayed for four years, came from different countries.e. 介词的位置一般放在关系代词之前，有时也可放在从句中原来的位置上。e.g. We did it in the same way in which he didwhich he did in.9. That 作为关联词可以当作关系副词用e.g. This is the house in which Louis XIII lived.This is the hous

18、e that Louis XIII lived.This is the house where Louis XIII lived.This is house which Louis XIII lived in.This is the house Louis XIII lived in.【模拟试题】I. 单项选择1. Led by Lincoln，the American blacks fought bravely _ their rights and managed to be_ slavery.A. with ; free from B. for; againstC. for; free f

19、rom D. against; for2. _ the devekionebt of science, job positions are becoming fewer and fewer, so many people are worried about _ they would be out of work.A. With; if B. As; whetherC. With; whether D. As; if3. Now we are in a position_ we have to accept that we are wrong.A. on which B. whereC. whe

20、n D. that4. Under such conditions, we can _ advise him to stop the experiment_ see a failure in the end.A. neither；nor B. either; or C. both; and D. neither; or5. Tom _to his mothers birthday party, but he was too busy yesterday.A. must have come B. may have comeC. should have come D. might have com

21、e6. Now many people move into cities in order to have their children_.A. better educate B. receive well educationC. better educated D. accept better education7. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that faraway.A. until B. that C. when D. where8. The result of the exam

22、 was very good, _ we hadnt expected.A. as B. which C. that D. what9. Recently many experts advised new laws _ to protect the city environment.A. should be past B. are to be passedC. being passed D. be passed10. The “Microsoft” software is most widely used because anyone with a computer can _ its sof

23、tware_.A. fix; freely B. fit ;free C. fit; freely D. fix; for freedom11. The dictionary still _ where I _ it a moment ago.A. lies; laid B. lied; lay C. laid; laid D. lies; lay12. When I returned to my hometown, I found it_ completely.A. have changed B. has changed C. changed D. changing13. As _ citi

24、es grow, so does _ number of buildings that characterize them: office towers, factories, shopping centers and high-rise apartment buildings.A. the;不填 B. the; a C. 不填；a D. 不填；the14._ his choice of two jobs, the man decided to take the one which was nearer to the house.A. When offered B. When he is of

25、feredC. When he offered D. When offering15. The weather turned out to be very good, _ was more than we could expect.A. which B. what C. that D. it. 完形填空I once thought I would be a perfect parent. It took 1 sixteen years to learn 2 I could not be. I know that I made 3 mistakes. If I raised my 4 again

26、, I would not make those 5 . Maybe I would make 6 ones, but I would do a better job.I would try to understand my 7 towards my children. I often did what my own 8 would have done. I 9 their ways of raising children control me. For example, I had my teenage 10 David come home early. He hated this rule

27、. He said no reason 11 it. As a girl, I had to be 12 early. I wanted my son to do 13 . Today I would think more about 14 I wanted things done in a certain way.My father was sick when I was 15 . My sister, my brother , and 16 were quiet at 17 . We did not yell in anger. We did not shout for 18 . I wa

28、nted my children to be quiet too. I never 19 to ask “why?” 20 was hard for me to let my children show anger. I stopped my children when 21 started to get angry. Now I would tell my 22 . “It is all 23 to show love. It is all right to show 24 . Your feelings are good. I love you 25 what you feel .”1.

29、A. more B. me C. in D. my2. A. this B. what C. since D. that3. A. some B. few C. no D. any4. A. hand B. questions C. demand D. children5. A. answers B. says C. mistakes D. friends6. A. old B. new C. some D. little7. A. questions B. love C. actions D. mistakes8. A. children B. belief C. parents D. st

30、rength9. A. love B. open C. let D. go10. A. son B. mister C. young D. friend11. A. at B. for C. by D. of12. A. natured B. loved C. home D. quick13. A. the same B. a lot C. well D. at once14. A. what B. which C. why D. whom15. A. taught B. told C. young D. naughty16. A. we B. he C. I D. me17. A. all times B. no time C. some time D. the time18. A. joy B. anger C. all D. games19. A. believed B. worried C. realized D. stopped20. A. It B. I C. There D. Sometimes21. A. parents B. suddenly C. had D. they22. A