考研英语真题及答案.docx

1、考研英语真题及答案2007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of English Directions： Read the following text. Choose the best word（s） for each numbered blank and mark A， B， C， and D on ANSWER SHEET 1 （10 points） By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million

2、 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism， many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government， careers 4 to talent， freedom of commerce and trade， the 5 to private property， and a belief in the individual as the

3、 basis of society， 6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states， large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of laws. On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the church， 9 ， there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catho

4、licism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown， 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states， some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces. The ideals of

5、 the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian， valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spains 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian trib

6、ute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy. 1. A natives B inhabitants C peoples D individuals 2. A confusedl

7、y B cheerfully C worriedly D hopefully 3. A shared B forgot C attained D rejected 4. A related B close C open D devoted 5. A access B succession C right D return 6. A Presumably B Incidentally C Obviously D Generally 7. A unique B common C particular D typical 8. A freedom B origin C impact D reform

8、 9. A therefore B however C indeed D moreover 10. A with B about C among D by 11. A allowed B preached C granted D funded 12. A Since B If C Unless D While 13. A as B for C under D against 14. A spread B interference C exclusion D influence 15. A support B cry C plea D wish 16. A urged B intended C

9、expected D promised 17. A controlling B former C remaining D original 18. A slower B faster C easier D tougher 19. A created B produced C contributed D preferred 20. A puzzled by B hostile to C pessimistic about D unprepared foSection II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions： Read the following fo

10、ur texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A， B， C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. （40 points） Text 1 If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk elite soccer later months.

11、 If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks， you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced. What might account for this strange phenomenon？ Here are a few guesses： a） certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skil

12、ls. b） winter-born bathes tend to have higher oxygen capacity which increases soccer stamina. c） soccer mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania. d） none of the above. Anders Ericsson， a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State Univer

13、sity， says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden， and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment nearly years ago， involved memory： training

14、a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject. after about 20 hours of training his digit span had risen from 7 to 20，” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving， and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.” This success coupled with later

15、 research showing that memory itself as not genetically determined， led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words， whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize those differences are swamp

16、ed by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully， Ericsson determined， was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather， it involves setting specific goals， obtainin

17、g immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome. Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits， including soccer. They gather all the data they can， not just predominance statistics and biographical details but also th

18、e results of their own lavatory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion： the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or， put another way， expert performers whether in memory or surgery， ballet or computer programming are nearly always made， not born.

19、 410 words 21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned toA stress the importance of professional training.B spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.C introduce the topic of what males expert performance.D explain why some soccer teams play better than others. 22. The

20、 word “mania” （Line 4， Paragraph 2） most probably meansA fun.B craze. C hysteria. D excitement. 23. According to Ericsson good memory A depends on meaningful processing of information. B results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises. C is determined by genetic rather than psychological fact

21、ors. D requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration. 24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe thatA talent is a dominating factor for professional success.B biographical data provide the key to excellent performance.C the role of talent tends to be overlooked.D high achievers owe th

22、eir success mostly to nurture. 25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey？ A “Faith will move mountains.”B “One reaps what one sows.”C “Practice makes perfect.”D “Like father， like son” Text 2 For the past several years， the Sunday newspaper supplement Par

23、ade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant， who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old； that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies， to envision

24、paper after it has been folded and cut， and to deduce numerical sequences， among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe （whose IQ is 100） as， Whats the difference between love and fondness？ Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence？

25、 Its not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers. Clearly， intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart？ How much of intellig

26、ence can be specified， and how much can we learn about it from neurology， genetics， computer science and other fields？ The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score， even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms： th

27、e Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales （both come in adult and childrens version）。 Generally costing several hundred dollars， they are usually given only by psychologists， although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like

28、vos Savants are no longer possible， because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks， rather tan simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests， such as the Scholastic Assessment Test （SAT） and the Graduat

29、e Record Exam （GRE）， capture the main aspects of IQ tests. Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life， argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing？”。 Sternberg notes that traditional tests best

30、assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge， components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover， IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership sills

31、 when the tests were given under low-stress conditions， but under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. Anyone who bas toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters， whether its knowing when to guess or what questions of skip. 451 words 26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test？ A Answering philosophical questions. B Folding or cutting paper into different shapes. C Telling the differences between certain