定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案.docx

1、定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案定远县育才学校2021届新高三英语暑假特训卷02 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A, B，C或D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.A A few years ago, Adina Lichtman was handing out sandwiches on the streets of New York City to help people experiencing homelessness。 One man, grateful for the sa

2、ndwich, approached her and offered a surprising idea.“Its great that youre giving out sandwiches，” he said, “but one thing we really need is socks， especially as winter approaches.”“Here I was， sandwiches in hand, thinking I knew the best way to help people， Lichtman said。 “It was a powerful lesson,

3、 and I wanted to put it into action。She began that night， with a simple step： going doorto-door on the floor of her dormitory at New York University, asking her classmates if they could each just donate （捐赠） just one pair of their own socks to someone experiencing homelessness。 She got 40 pairs of s

4、ocks in a single night, from a single floor。 The next morning she opened her door to find a lot of socks that other people had donated.That morning officially kicked off Knock Knock, Give a Sock （KKGS）， a new nonprofit (非营利的) organization that has now provided over 350,000 pairs of socks to the home

5、less across America. To date, over 50 colleges and high schools across the US have joined KKGS over the years.“While many people donate clothing, 9 out of every 10 clothing donors have never donated socks。 On top of that, people who are trying to donate socks often find it difficult to donate used s

6、ocks，” she says. “KKGS is one of the only organizations that collects used socks。 We have volunteers knocking on doors of their classmates in school， of their workmates at work， and even of their neighbors。”But， whether youre 26 or 62, you dont need to wait to organize your own sock drive， collect s

7、ocks， or even wash and clean some of your own to donate to your local shelter， or someone in need who you meet on the street.1。How did the homeless mans words affect Lichtman？A。They caused her to start KKGS。B。They pushed her to go to college.C.They encouraged her to house the homeless。D.They made he

8、r continue to give out sandwiches.2.How did Lichtmans classmates react to her request for donation?A.Some refused it politely。B。They strongly supported it。C。Some felt quite surprised by it.D。They considered it unreasonable。3。What advice does the author offer to people？A.Take action in small ways.B。S

9、tart your own organization.C.Make donations from an early age。D.Find creative ways to help people。B For most of us， there is no debate bananas are yellow。 Color isnt as objective as you might think though。 Our brain decides what color we are looking at based on the light that comes into our eyes， an

10、d how we see colors actually varies a lot.There are many ways color can confuse our brains。 Positioning and shading can change what we think we are looking at。 Two people can see the same thing very differently because of how our brains deal with light.How we see color, however， is governed by much

11、more than just our bodies. Our emotions or even the time of year, can change how our eyes and brains react to what we see. Yellow looks different to us depending on the season， according to scientists at the University of York。 In the summer yellow appears more “greenish” whereas in the winter yello

12、w appears more “reddish”. This is the result of living in an environment where the level of green light increases in the summer. When the trees are full of leaves， our eyes need to adapt. With extra green all around us， our brain has to recheck its understanding of yellow。Researchers in Rochester， N

13、ew York have found that feeling sad can impact on your ability to identify （辨别） colors. Participants were shown some small pieces of cloth which had most, but not all， of the colors removed from them。 Later, they were asked to identify what color they were looking at。 A group who had watched the dea

14、th of Mufasa in The Lion King found it harder to pick out blue and yellow than others who had not seen the film。 Psychologists believe that dopamine - which controls our brains reward and pleasure centers has an impact on how we identify these colors. So while color might seem to be one of the simpl

15、est things in our world， it is actually a mystery scientists are only just beginning to solve.4.What does the passage mainly focus on?A.Why we see colors differently。 B。How our brains receive colors。C.Why colors affect our emotions. D。How people can identify colors。5。Which of the following is unable

16、 to affect peoples ability to identify colors?A.Position. B.Intelligence。C。Environment。 D.Feeling。6。Yellow looks different in summer and winter because of _.A。peoples different sight B.the different temperaturesC.the different levels of green light D.peoples different body conditions7。What can we le

17、arn from the last paragraph？A。The sad feeling weakens peoples ability to identify colors.B。We can find out the secret of dopamine in some movies。C.Scientists have found the answer to the color mystery.D。There are many ways that color can entertain our brains.C Nurses play a vital role on the front l

18、ines of the novel coronavirus（冠状病毒）pandemic. But a shortage of these essential health care workers could pose challenges in countries dealing with a growing number of COVID-19 cases。”One of the lessons I hope the world learns from COVID19 is that we must invest in nurses , said World Health Organiza

19、tion Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus during a speech Tuesday in celebration of World Health Day.WHOs new ”State of the Worlds Nursing 2020” report has identified a global shortage of 5。9 million nurses。 Many of those gaps are found in Africa， Southeast Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean， an

20、d parts of Latin America.Among regions of the world, the Americas have the highest density of nurses at 83。4 per 10，000 people, followed by Europe with 79.3 nurses per 10,000 people. In contrast， there are 8。7 nurses per 10,000 people in Africa, 15。6 nurses per 10,000 people in the Eastern Mediterra

21、nean region， 16。5 nurses per 10，000 people in Southeast Asia， and 36 nurses per 10,000 people in the Western Pacific.But there are also differences within regions。 In the Americas， for example, countries such as Brazil， Canada, Chile， and the US have a higher density of nurses at close to or over 10

22、0 per 10,000 people， distorting the regional average。 Many of the neighboring countries in the region have less than 50 nurses per 10，000 people。 In Haiti, there are only 3。8 nurses per 10,000 people.When based on country income， data in the report shows an unsurprising trend： The higher the income,

23、 the higher the nursing density. In low-income countries， the average density of nurses is 9。1 per 10,000 people, while the figure for high-income countries is 107.7 per 10，000 people.But training more nurses wont solve the problem, said Dr. Giorgio Cometto, WHO coordinator on human resources for he

24、alth policies and standards。If the country lacks the economic capacity to employ them or to create economic opportunities for them to work as nurses 。. training more nurses can just go into the direction of making labor market imbalances, resulting in unemployment among nurses. And thats a huge wast

25、age of human capital as well as financial resources， Cometto said。The key is balancing training with the creation of employment opportunities in rural areas where there are known health worker shortages。That may be easier said than done， especially among countries that are suffering from chronic or

26、complex emergencies， in active conflict, or struggling in the wake of conflict. But in these settings， the international aid community can arrange its assistance with national priorities and covering recurrent costs, such as salaries, within a specified period of time， Cometto said。8。How many nurses

27、 are needed according to WHOs new” State of the World s Nursing 2020 report？A。6 million. B。8。7Million.C。3.8 Million. D。5.9Million.9。From the figures in the passage , where are nurses most needed？A.Africa。 B.Haiti.C。Eastern Mediterranean region. D。Southeast Asia。10。Based on the country income what do

28、es the data in the report show？A.The higher the income ，the more nurses are.B.The higher the income,the more doctors are.C.The lower the income ,the more doctors are.D。The lower the income, the more nurses are。11.From what Cometto said, we know that_。A。It is easy to solve the problem of shortage of

29、nurses。B。It is not easy to solve the problem of shortage of nurses.C。Training more nurses is a way to solve the problem。D.The international aid community can arrange its assistance all the time.D If youve ever been on a fishing boat， youve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch

30、a snack。 Now scientists use those birds behavior to track illegal fishing boats。Researchers attached data loggers to the backs of 169 albatrosses （信天翁） in Indian oceans。 Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitt

31、ing from boats. That information was then sent by satellite， so the researchers could track the location of the birdsand thus the radaremitting boatsin real time。The scientists then cross-checked that data against the known locations of boats， collected from a system boats use to declare themselves,

32、 called the Automatic Identification System (AIS）。 And noticeable differences appeared frequently.More than a third of the times the birds “loggers” detected radar signals, and therefore a boat， but no such boat appeared in the official logmeaning that the vehicles had likely switched off their AISsomething that probably happens in illegal fishing operations.The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations dont target the birds.