定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案.docx
《定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案.docx（10页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
定远县育才学校届新高三英语暑假特训卷02含答案
定远县育才学校2021届新高三英语暑假特训卷02
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A,B，C或D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.
A
Afewyearsago,AdinaLichtmanwashandingoutsandwichesonthestreetsofNewYorkCitytohelppeopleexperiencinghomelessness。
Oneman,gratefulforthesandwich,approachedherandofferedasurprisingidea.
“It'sgreatthatyou’regivingoutsandwiches，”hesaid,“butonethingwereallyneedissocks，especiallyaswinterapproaches.”
“HereIwas，sandwichesinhand,thinkingIknewthebestwaytohelppeople，"Lichtmansaid。
“Itwasapowerfullesson,andIwantedtoputitintoaction。
"
Shebeganthatnight，withasimplestep：
goingdoor—to-dooronthefloorofherdormitoryatNewYorkUniversity,askingherclassmatesiftheycouldeachjustdonate（捐赠）justonepairoftheirownsockstosomeoneexperiencinghomelessness。
Shegot40pairsofsocksinasinglenight,fromasinglefloor。
Thenextmorningsheopenedherdoortofindalotofsocksthatotherpeoplehaddonated.
ThatmorningofficiallykickedoffKnockKnock,GiveaSock（KKGS），anewnonprofit（非营利的）organizationthathasnowprovidedover350,000pairsofsockstothehomelessacrossAmerica.Todate,over50collegesandhighschoolsacrosstheUShavejoinedKKGSovertheyears.
“Whilemanypeopledonateclothing,9outofevery10clothingdonorshaveneverdonatedsocks。
Ontopofthat,peoplewhoaretryingtodonatesocksoftenfinditdifficulttodonateusedsocks，”shesays.“KKGSisoneoftheonlyorganizationsthatcollectsusedsocks。
Wehavevolunteersknockingondoorsoftheirclassmatesinschool，oftheirworkmatesatwork，andevenoftheirneighbors。
”
But，whetheryou’re26or62,youdon’tneedtowaittoorganizeyourownsockdrive，collectsocks，orevenwashandcleansomeofyourowntodonatetoyourlocalshelter，orsomeoneinneedwhoyoumeetonthestreet.
1。
Howdidthehomelessman’swordsaffectLichtman？
A。
TheycausedhertostartKKGS。
B。
Theypushedhertogotocollege.
C.Theyencouragedhertohousethehomeless。
D.Theymadehercontinuetogiveoutsandwiches.
2.HowdidLichtman’sclassmatesreacttoherrequestfordonation?
A.Somerefuseditpolitely。
B。
Theystronglysupportedit。
C。
Somefeltquitesurprisedbyit.
D。
Theyconsidereditunreasonable。
3。
Whatadvicedoestheauthoroffertopeople？
A.Takeactioninsmallways.
B。
Startyourownorganization.
C.Makedonationsfromanearlyage。
D.Findcreativewaystohelppeople。
B
Formostofus，thereisnodebate—bananasareyellow。
Colorisn’tasobjectiveasyoumightthinkthough。
Ourbraindecideswhatcolorwearelookingatbasedonthelightthatcomesintooureyes，andhowweseecolorsactuallyvariesalot.
Therearemanywayscolorcanconfuseourbrains。
Positioningandshadingcanchangewhatwethinkwearelookingat。
Twopeoplecanseethesamethingverydifferentlybecauseofhowourbrainsdealwithlight.
Howweseecolor,however，isgovernedbymuchmorethanjustourbodies.Ouremotionsoreventhetimeofyear,canchangehowoureyesandbrainsreacttowhatwesee.Yellowlooksdifferenttousdependingontheseason，accordingtoscientistsattheUniversityofYork。
Inthesummeryellowappearsmore“greenish”whereasinthewinteryellowappearsmore“reddish”.Thisistheresultoflivinginanenvironmentwherethelevelofgreenlightincreasesinthesummer.Whenthetreesarefullofleaves，oureyesneedtoadapt.Withextragreenallaroundus，ourbrainhastorecheckitsunderstandingofyellow。
ResearchersinRochester，NewYorkhavefoundthatfeelingsadcanimpactonyourabilitytoidentify（辨别）colors.Participantswereshownsomesmallpiecesofclothwhichhadmost,butnotall，ofthecolorsremovedfromthem。
Later,theywereaskedtoidentifywhatcolortheywerelookingat。
AgroupwhohadwatchedthedeathofMufasainTheLionKingfoundithardertopickoutblueandyellowthanotherswhohadnotseenthefilm。
Psychologistsbelievethatdopamine-whichcontrolsourbrain’srewardandpleasurecenters—hasanimpactonhowweidentifythesecolors.Sowhilecolormightseemtobeoneofthesimplestthingsinourworld，itisactuallyamysteryscientistsareonlyjustbeginningtosolve.
4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocuson?
A.Whyweseecolorsdifferently。
B。
Howourbrainsreceivecolors。
C.Whycolorsaffectouremotions.D。
Howpeoplecanidentifycolors。
5。
Whichofthefollowingisunabletoaffectpeople’sabilitytoidentifycolors?
A.Position.B.Intelligence。
C。
Environment。
D.Feeling。
6。
Yellowlooksdifferentinsummerandwinterbecauseof___________.
A。
people'sdifferentsightB.thedifferenttemperatures
C.thedifferentlevelsofgreenlightD.people’sdifferentbodyconditions
7。
Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？
A。
Thesadfeelingweakenspeople'sabilitytoidentifycolors.
B。
Wecanfindoutthesecretofdopamineinsomemovies。
C.Scientistshavefoundtheanswertothecolormystery.
D。
Therearemanywaysthatcolorcanentertainourbrains.
C
Nursesplayavitalroleonthefrontlinesofthenovelcoronavirus（冠状病毒）pandemic.ButashortageoftheseessentialhealthcareworkerscouldposechallengesincountriesdealingwithagrowingnumberofCOVID-19cases。
”OneofthelessonsIhopetheworldlearnsfromCOVID—19isthatwemustinvestinnurses,"saidWorldHealthOrganizationDirector-GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesusduringaspeechTuesdayincelebrationofWorldHealthDay.
WHO’snew”StateoftheWorld’sNursing2020”reporthasidentifiedaglobalshortageof5。
9millionnurses。
ManyofthosegapsarefoundinAfrica，SoutheastAsia,theEasternMediterranean，andpartsofLatinAmerica.
Amongregionsoftheworld,theAmericashavethehighestdensityofnursesat83。
4per10，000people,followedbyEuropewith79.3nursesper10,000people.Incontrast，thereare8。
7nursesper10,000peopleinAfrica,15。
6nursesper10,000peopleintheEasternMediterraneanregion，16。
5nursesper10，000peopleinSoutheastAsia，and36nursesper10,000peopleintheWesternPacific.
Buttherearealsodifferenceswithinregions。
IntheAmericas，forexample,countriessuchasBrazil，Canada,Chile，andtheUShaveahigherdensityofnursesatclosetoorover100per10,000people，distortingtheregionalaverage。
Manyoftheneighboringcountriesintheregionhavelessthan50nursesper10，000people。
InHaiti,thereareonly3。
8nursesper10,000people.
Whenbasedoncountryincome，datainthereportshowsanunsurprisingtrend：
Thehighertheincome,thehigherthenursingdensity.Inlow-incomecountries，theaveragedensityofnursesis9。
1per10,000people,whilethefigureforhigh-incomecountriesis107.7per10，000people.
Buttrainingmorenurseswon’tsolvetheproblem,saidDr.GiorgioCometto,WHOcoordinatoronhumanresourcesforhealthpoliciesandstandards。
"Ifthecountrylackstheeconomiccapacitytoemploythemortocreateeconomicopportunitiesforthemtoworkasnurses。
。
.trainingmorenursescanjustgointothedirectionofmakinglabormarketimbalances,resultinginunemploymentamongnurses.Andthat'sahugewastageofhumancapitalaswellasfinancialresources，"Comettosaid。
Thekeyisbalancingtrainingwiththecreationofemploymentopportunitiesinruralareaswherethereareknownhealthworkershortages。
Thatmaybeeasiersaidthandone，especiallyamongcountriesthataresufferingfromchronicorcomplexemergencies，inactiveconflict,orstrugglinginthewakeofconflict.Butinthesesettings，theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistancewithnationalprioritiesandcoveringrecurrentcosts,suchassalaries,withinaspecifiedperiodoftime，Comettosaid。
8。
HowmanynursesareneededaccordingtoWHO'snew”StateoftheWorld’sNursing2020"report？
A。
6million.B。
8。
7Million.
C。
3.8Million.D。
5.9Million.
9。
Fromthefiguresinthepassage,wherearenursesmostneeded？
A.Africa。
B.Haiti.
C。
EasternMediterraneanregion.D。
SoutheastAsia。
10。
Basedonthecountryincomewhatdoesthedatainthereportshow？
A.Thehighertheincome，themorenursesare.
B.Thehighertheincome,themoredoctorsare.
C.Thelowertheincome,themoredoctorsare.
D。
Thelowertheincome,themorenursesare。
11.FromwhatComettosaid,weknowthat___。
A。
Itiseasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses。
B。
Itisnoteasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses.
C。
Trainingmorenursesisawaytosolvetheproblem。
D.Theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistanceallthetime.
D
Ifyou’veeverbeenonafishingboat，you’veprobablyseencrowdsofbirdsfollowingit,hopingtocatchasnack。
Nowscientistsusethosebirds’behaviortotrackillegalfishingboats。
Researchersattacheddataloggerstothebacksof169albatrosses（信天翁）inIndianoceans。
Weighingonly42grams,thedevicesincludedaGPS,whichenabledthemtodetectthepresenceandintensityofradarsignalsemittingfromboats.Thatinformationwasthensentbysatellite，sotheresearcherscouldtrackthelocationofthebirds—andthustheradar—emittingboats—inrealtime。
Thescientiststhencross-checkedthatdataagainsttheknownlocationsofboats，collectedfromasystemboatsusetodeclarethemselves,calledtheAutomaticIdentificationSystem（AIS）。
Andnoticeabledifferencesappearedfrequently.
Morethanathirdofthetimesthebirds“loggers”detectedradarsignals,andthereforeaboat，butnosuchboatappearedintheofficiallog—meaningthatthevehicleshadlikelyswitchedofftheirAIS—somethingthatprobablyhappensinillegalfishingoperations.
Theworksuggestsbirdscouldbeaneffectiveboat-monitoringtoolaslongasillegalfishingoperationsdon’ttargetthebirds.
升级会员 