一般现在时与现在进行时的区别和练习.docx

1、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别和练习一般现在时 一般现在时的形式 是以动词的原形表示的,当主语为第三人称单数时,做谓语的动词原形后要加上词尾-s or es, 其构成方式列表如下: 情况构成例词 一般情况词尾加-s Reads, writes 以ch, sh, s, x, o结尾的词词尾加-es Teaches, washes, guesses, fixes, goes 以辅音字母+Y 结尾的词变Y为I,再加-es Tries, carries 但是,动词to be 和to have 的一般现在时的形式特殊如下: 一般动词的词形变化To be 的词形变化To have 的词形变化 I know

2、it I am a student I have a pen. You know it. You are a student You have a pen He (she) knows it. He (she) is a student. He (she)has a pen. We (you, they) know it. We (you, they) are students. We (you, they) have pens. 一般现在时用法: 1)表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有: always、often、usually、seldom、never。频度

3、副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前,系动词、助动词之后。 例如: He often goes swimming in summer.他夏天经常游泳。 I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。 2)表示现在的状态。 例如:My father is at work. He is very busy. 我父亲在工作,他很忙。 The boy is twelve. 这男孩十二岁。 3)表示主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。 例如:All my family love football .我全家人都喜欢足球。 My siste

4、r is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。 4)表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象。 例如:The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 5)表示按计划或安排好的,或将要发生的动作,可用一般现在时表将来。但只限于start, begin, leave, go, come, arrive, retu

5、rn, take place等。 例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。 He comes back tonight. 他今晚回来。 6)在复合句中,当主句是一般将来时,时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。 例如:Ill tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 如果你接受这份工作,他们将和你谈谈

6、细节。 巩固练习: 1、Lucy likes going skating with her friends. (改写成否定句) _ 2、Aunt Lis son has ten toy bears. (对划线部分提问) _ 3、His watch costs 300 yuan. (变成一般疑问句并否定回答) _ 4、I like being a nurse for the old. (变成一般疑问句) _ 5、张叔叔每天乘坐地铁上班。 _ 6、我们每周日常花三小时在图书馆看书。 _ 7、我爷爷常常晚饭后出去散步。 现在进行时 现在进行时是由助动词to be 的现在时+ 现在分词构成: 肯定式否

7、定式疑问式 I am working. You are working. He (she) is working. We (you, they) are working. I am not working. You are not working. He (she) is not working. We (you, they) are not working. Am I working? Are you working? Is he (she) working? Are we (you, they) working? 现在分词的构成,是在动词原形上加ing, 但是应该注意: 情况变化例词 动词

8、以单个e 结尾去掉e, 加ing Love _loving Argue _ arguing 动词以ee结尾直接加ing Agree_ agreeing See _ seeing 动词为单音节:以单一元音字母+ 单一辅音字母结尾辅音字母双写,再加ing Hit _ hitting Run _running Stop _ stopping 动词为双音节或者多音节:最后一个音节为重读音节,以单一元音字母+ 单一辅音字母结尾辅音字母双写,再加ing Begin beginning Admit admitting 以y 结尾的动词直接加ing Carry carrying Enjoy enjoying

9、现在进行时的用法 1)表示说话时正在发生或者进行的动作 Please dont make so much noise, Im studying. Lets get out. It isnt raining any more. 2) 表示在现在相对较长一段时间内正在进行的动作,但是说话一刻不一定在做 的动作 Have you heard about Tom? He is building his own house. David is teaching English and learning Chinese in Beijing. 这些动作,在说话时并不一定在发生或进行,而是在包括说话的一刹那

10、在内的一段时间内发生、进行的。 3)表示最近的确定的安排 Ann is coming tomorrow. Oh, is she? What time is she arriving? At 10:15. Are you meeting her at the station? I cant. Im working tomorrow morning. 以上句子也可以用be going to (do) 的形式来表示。但是谈论已确定的安排时候,用现在进行时态显得更加自然,除非受到动词的功能的限制。在此,切不可用will, 如: Alex is getting married next month. 不

11、能用will get married. 4) 和always 连用表示某种情绪,可能是厌烦也可能是赞扬,如: Tom is always going away for weekends. My husband is always doing homework. 有些动词是表示一种状态而不是动作,一般不用于进行时。例如,我们一般不说I am knowing, 而说I know. 常见的这类动词有: want like hate know see hear believe understand seem think(相信) suppose remember need love realize me

12、an forget prefer have (拥有) belong To understand is to accept. 理解就是接受 Do you like Beijing? Do you see the rainbow? I remember him very well. I think I understand what he wants. 不用于现在进行时的动词: 1)表示事实状态的动词,如have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue等。 I ha

13、ve two brothers. 我有两兄弟。 This house belongs to my sister. 这房子是我姐的。 2)表示心理状态的动词,如know, realize, think see, believe, suppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate等。 I need your help. 我需要你的帮助。 He loves her very much. 他爱她很深。 3)瞬间动词,如accept, receive

14、, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse等。 I accept your advice. 我接受你的劝告。 4)系动词,如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn等。例如: You seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。 有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态,如以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时。 Its four oclock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。 Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点!我们大家都等着你。 Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他们在那边的树底下看书。 Listen! She is singing in the room. 听!她在房间里唱歌。 在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作。 Th