高考英语试题真题分类汇编非谓语动词及解析.docx

1、高考英语试题真题分类汇编非谓语动词及解析高考英语试题真题分类汇编非谓语动词及解析一、单项选择非谓语动词1 ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.AHaving freed BFreedCTo free DFreeing【答案】C【解析】试题分析：在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。此句中的whos to say that another person

2、will?可知主句用的是将来时，故if引导的条件状语从句要用一般现在时。句意：这就是为什么我要使人们的日子变得鲜活起来。如果你不这样做，你说谁会这样做？【考点定位】考查if引导的条件状语。2When caught _ in the exam, he begged for the teachers pardon and tried _ punishment.Acheating; escaping Bto be cheating; to escapeCcheating; to escape Dto be cheating; escaping【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在考试作弊

3、被抓着的时候，他乞求老师原谅并试图逃脱惩罚。根据句意可知，抓住的时候正在作弊，现在分词表进行，因此，第一空用cheating形式，try to do sth试图做某事，这是个固定用法。故选C。3Students surf the internet _ more information about the university they are dreamt of.Afound BfindingChaving found Dto find【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选D。4The lecture ma

4、inly deals with the trouble young children have _ right from wrong.Adistinguished BdistinguishingCto distinguish Dto be distinguished【答案】B【解析】试题分析：首先have difficult /trouble doing sth是固定词组。The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have distinguishing right from wrong在这个句子中，deal with的宾语

5、是trouble，所以后面的句子是修饰trouble这个词的定语从句。考点：固定用法考查点评：对于固定用法，平时一定要多归纳、总结和记忆。5.Ladex doest feel like abroad.Her parents are old.Astudy Bstudying Cstudied Dto study【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Ladex不喜欢去国外学习，她的父母老了。feel like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，是固定短语，故用动名词作宾语。故选B。6（天津）I need a new passport so I will have to have my

6、photographs_.Ataking BtakenCbeing taken Dtake【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要一个新护照，所以我将不得不拍照片。本题考查非谓语动词作宾语补足语，宾语my photograph与补足语之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。C项表示正在进行。故选B。点睛：本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词在句中所作的成分，找出该非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，再分析二者之间的关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。7（四川）Little Tom sat _watching the monkey dancing in f

7、ront of him.Aamaze BamazingCamazed Dto amaze【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词作状语。句意：小汤姆坐在那里惊讶地看着猴子在他面前跳舞。amazed感到惊讶的，修饰人，此处作伴随状语，表状态。本题主要考查B、C之间的区别，选项B意为：令人吃惊的，常修饰物；而选项C意为：感到吃惊的，常修饰人。故选C。8John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _， he gladly accepted it.Afinished BfinishingChaving finished Dwas fin

8、ished【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意John接到一张宴会的邀请，他的工作已经完成，他高兴地接受了。这里含有with复合结构，动作finish与his work之间是被动关系，故用过去分词，选A。考点：考查with复合结构,X,K9Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries _ its role in international affairs.Arecognizing Bbeing recognized Cto be recognized Drecognized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的

9、形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。10In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman the Nobel Prize for Literature.Awinning BwinCwon Dto win【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：1938年，赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰，用不定式作后置定语，故选D。11Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _here.Apeople s

10、moking Bpeople smoke Cto smoke Dsmoking【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：-我可以在这里吸烟吗？-对不起，我们不允许在这里吸烟。allow sb to do 允许某人做某事；allow doing允许做某事。根据句意故选D。考点：考查冠词的用法。12The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.Abeing completed Bto be completedCcompleted Dhaving been completed【答案】B【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。此处to

11、be completed表将来、被动。句意：将于明年建成的机场会有助于促进这个地区的旅游业。【名师点睛】这是考查非谓语动词做定语的用法，句中关键词next year说明动作是将要发生。而The airport和complete是被动关系，用不定式的被动做定语。13 _in painting, John didnt notice evening approaching.ATo absorb BTo be absorbedCAbsorbed DAbsorbing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于，在句

12、中作状语，省略be动词，故选C。【点睛】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。14After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress, Anne Benedict went on all the people who had helped in her career.Ato thank BthankingChaving thanked Dto have thanked【答案】A【

13、解析】试题分析：句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有帮助她演绎生涯的人。go on to do继续做不同的事情，所以选A。考点：考查不定式【名师点睛】不定式有一些具体的用法，可以做宾语，定语，状语。还有不定式的不同形式：to do；to be doing；to have done。这题要注意go on to do“继续做不同的事情”和go on doing“继续做相同的事情”的区别。结合语境是关键。15A hearty laugh relieves physical tension, _your muscles relaxed for over half an

14、 hour.Ato leave Bleft Cleaving Dleave【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：开怀大笑可以缓解身体紧张，至少可以使你的肌肉放松半小时。分析句子可知，空格处做伴随状语。且与逻辑主语laugh构成主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。16Dont turn a deaf ear to the advice which will make a _to your future.Amess BdifferenceCfuss Dremark【答案】B【解析】不要对能够对你未来产生影响的建议掩耳不闻。make a different to对什么有影响，是固定短语，所以

15、选B。17Be careful when you deal with this chemical, as it will explode when _ to sunlight.Aexposed Bto expose Cexposing Dbeing exposed【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词。本题考查短语be exposed to暴露与。句意：处理这种化学物质时要小心，因为它暴露在阳光下时会爆炸。故A正确。考点：考查非谓语动词18More highways have been built in China, _ it much easier for people to trave

16、l from one place to another.Amaking Bmade Cto make Dhaving made【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国修建了越来越多的高速公路，人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it，说明是主动关系，排除B；不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语，不符合句意；根据句意可知，此处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。19Due to the present school shootings, the only way the president could imagine _ such tragedies was to ban g

17、uns across the US.Ato prevent Bpreventing Cprevented Dhaving prevented【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于目前的校园枪击事件，总统所能想到的防止此类悲剧发生的唯一方法就是在全美禁止枪支。此处修饰the only way需用不定式做后置定语，短语the only way to do sth.表示“做某事的唯一方法”。故选A。20 _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.AThe president will attend BTh

18、e president to attendCThe president attended DThe presidents attending【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：总统亲自出席会议给了他们极大的鼓舞。根据句子成分分析判定缺主语，故用动名词短语作主语，故选D。21There are still many problems _ before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.Asolving BsolvedCbeing solved Dto be solved【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们准备在月球上长

19、期停留之前，还有许多问题要解决。根据非谓语动词作定语的规则，现在分词表示主动和正在发生，过去分词表示被动或完成，而不定式表示将要发生，故选D。22(北京)_ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrdering BTo orderCHaving ordered DOrdered【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被

20、动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered.，故选D。【点睛】分词作状语1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. =as soon as sb. does sth.。2. 分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。5. 分词作

21、结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus，thereby，only等。6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。23(2009陕西高考)I still remember_to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.Ato take Bto be takenCtaking Dbeing taken【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我仍旧记得被带去法门寺和在那里看到的。remember to do sth.“记得要做某事(该动作未发生)”；remember doing sth.“记

22、得做过某事(该动作已经发生)”。依据后文的“what I saw there”可知这里说的是记得已经发生的动作；再者take的宾语就是句子的主语，二者之间是动宾关系，应用被动形式，所以选being taken。故选D。24The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.Aforced Bforcing Cto be forced Dhaving forced【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：政府计划

23、引入新法律，迫使父母对他们的孩子的教育承担更多的责任。分析句子可知，_ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children作定语，修饰new laws ,force用非谓语动词形式，force与主语The government是主动关系， 用现在分词形式表示主动，force与bring in是同时发生的，不用完成时，故选B。25_upon his years of experience in the business, ZhangYong, Alibabas newly appointed CEO, c

24、ame up with a novel idea for increasing sales.ATo draw BBeing drawn CDrawing DDrawn【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿里巴巴新任CEO张勇凭借多年的商业经验，想出了一个增加销售额的新点子。分析句子结构可知draw在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语ZhangYong构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选C。26With the homework _, the students can go to have a picnic.Abeing done BdoneCdoing Dto do【答案】B【解析】考

25、查非谓语动词。句意：做完作业后，学生们就可以去野餐了。此处是with的复合结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。故选B。【名师点睛】with复合结构“with复合结构”也是独立主格结构的一种，同样十分重要。在句中表示“原因，结果，伴随，方式”等情况。(1)with + 宾语 + 形容词The children were listening to the teacher with their eyes wide open. （表伴随）(2)with + 宾语 + 介词短语The old man used to take a walk wi

26、th a stick in his hand. （表方式）(3)with + 宾语 + 副词The proud girl walked away with her head up. （表方式）(4)with + 宾语 + 现在分词Mary felt very shy with so many eyes looking at her. （表原因）(5)with + 宾语 + 过去分词If you sit looking away from a person, or with your back turned, you are saying you are not interested in th

27、at person. （表方式）本题就是考查此结构，homework和动词do是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，指作业被做，过去分词在句中作宾补。(6)with + 宾语 + 不定式With too much work to do the next day, he felt anxious and didnt sleep well. （表原因）一般说来，with 复合结构放在句末多表示伴随状况；若放在句首，则多表示“原因”或“条件”，例如：With her mother away from home, the little girl felt lonely. 由于她妈妈不在家，这个女孩感到很孤单。

28、With the guide leading the way, I had no difficulty finding their village. 因为向导带路，我没怎么费事就找到了他们的村子。27(北京)_the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.ACatching BCaughtCTo catch DCatch【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赶上早班的飞机，我们提前叫了出租车并且起得很早。这里逻辑主语是we，空中用不定式作目的状语，表示提前交出租车并且早起的目的。故选C。【

29、名师点睛】此题应抓住逻辑主语与从句的关系，然后从句意中看出句子中缺少的成份，可以知道这里用不定式做目的状语，意思是“为了”，学生需要注意非谓语动词中现在分词、过去分词、不定式和各种动词在句子中做的成份，才可以做好此类题。28When _ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.Aasking BaskedChaving asked Dto be asked【答案】B【解析】试题分析：句意:当马克被问做教师这个职业时的看法。他说他发现这个工作是非常有趣

30、和值得的。这里when引导的省略句，完整的是when he was asked his view about his job as a teacher，这里当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词有be时，这时从句的主语与be同时省略，故选B。考点：考查省略的用法。点评：本题难度适中。为了使话说得简明扼要，英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。这种省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不变的现象，称为省略。它是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，需要考生仔细分析句子结构，来确定省略的内容。这里考生容易误选A。即学即练:He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship，_ is more true than any other.A.once gained B.when to gainC.after gaining D.while gaining解析：A。考查省略句。once gained = once it is gained。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和谓语部分。