叶面肥对苹果果树生长及果实品质影响研究.docx

1、叶面肥对苹果果树生长及果实品质影响研究2010届高校教师人员申请硕士学位论文叶面肥对苹果果树生长与果实品质的影响研究 作者姓名 李志强 指导教师 郝建平 副教授 学科专业 细胞生物学 研究方向 细胞工程培养单位 生命科学学院 学习年限 2007年9月-2010年6月二一年六月山西大学2010届高校教师人员申请硕士学位论文叶面肥对苹果果树生长与果实品质的影响研究 作者姓名 李志强 指导教师 郝建平 副教授 学科专业 细胞生物学 研究方向 细胞工程培养单位 生命科学学院 学习年限 2007年9月-2010年6月二一年六月Thesis for Master s degree，Shanxi Unive

2、rsity，2010Effect of Different Foliar Fertilizer in Apple Tree Growth and Fruit DevelopmentStudent NameZhi-qiang LiSupervisor Prof. Jian-ping HaoMajor Cell BiologySpecialtyCell EngineeringDepartmentSchool of Life ScienceResearch Duration2007.09-2010.06June，2010中文摘要 IABSTRACT II个人简介 32ContentsABSTRACT

3、(Chinese)IABSTRACT(English)II1 Introduction11.1 Foliar fertilizer involved in nutrient cycling mechanisms of orchard11.2 Research status of domestic and abroad31.3 Purpose of the study42 Materials and Methods52.1 Test materials52.2 Experimental design52.3 Analysis methods53 Results and Analysis83.1

4、Different treatments measured in leaves of mineral nutrition83.2 The soil in different determination of mineral nutrition123.3 Determination of fruit quality153.4 Determination of mineral elements in fruit204 Conclusion244.1 Monopotassium phosphateB enzyme is the most beneficial for leaves to absorb

5、 nutrients and the fruit trees to grow244.2 Urea and Monopotassium phosphateB enzyme are the most beneficial to increaseproduction and improve fruit quality245 Research Prospects25References26Acknowledgements31Personal Resume and Contacts32The Letter of Commitment33中 文 摘 要叶面肥不仅能够提高作物养分的供应效率，而且可以增加作物

6、生育期内大量元素和各种微量元素的来源。喷施叶面肥是农业生产上常用的措施，通过在叶面喷施叶面肥来补充作物养分、调控作物生长，从而达到增加作物产量、改善作物品质之目的。本试验以盛果期红富士苹果为试材，在果树生长期喷施不同组合叶面肥，试验结果表明：喷施尿素组合叶面肥有利于果树叶片对N和Mg元素的吸收，显著促进果树生长；喷施磷酸二氢钾乙酵素，有利于叶片对K，Cu，Zn，Mn，Fe，Mg和B等元素的吸收。不同的配方叶面肥喷施对土壤中交换性Mg的含量影响不大。当果园地施用底肥中N养分供应充足时，通过喷施磷酸二氢钾乙酵素组合的叶面肥能最大速度的供应养分，起到增加果树长势的效果，但如果单施一种养分组合往往效果

7、不明显，且相对较差。本试验中磷酸二氢钾乙酵素为最好的叶面肥配方。通过对不同叶面肥喷施后果实品质各项指标的分析，发现喷施尿素和清水，可显著提高果形指数、叶绿素含量和可滴定酸的含量，最有利于增大果实；不配合施其它肥料将会影响果实品质的提高。通过磷酸二氢钾乙酵素的处理，其对果实的单果重、花青苷含量、果实硬度和果实矿质养分等都有明显的提高，显著的提高了果实的品质。因此，在果树的生长前期和中期，要注重对果树喷施尿素，从而加快果树生长，增强果树的树势，增加单果重，提高产量；在生长后期，特别是果实上色期，要注重磷酸二氢钾乙酵素组合叶面肥的喷施，提高果实的品质，增大生产效益。关键词：苹果；叶面肥；矿质营养；果

8、树生长；果实品质ABSTRACTFoliar fertilizer not only can improve the nutrient supply efficiency of crop, but also can increase the source of major elements and various elements during crop growth period. Fertilizer spraying is a commons measure in agricultural production. Fertilizer spraying can replenish nut

9、rients of crop, regulate plant growth and increase crop yield, improve crop quality. This experiment use red Fuji apple in flourishing period for the test materials and spray different combinations of fertilizer during fruit trees growing period. The results are as follows. Spraying combination fert

10、ilizer of urea can significantly promote the growth of fruit trees and increase amount of fruit tree growth. Meanwhile, this combination of fertilizer is beneficial for fruit trees leaves to assimilate N, Mg and has maximum inhibitive ability in absorption of P, Fe; spraying monopotassium phosphateB

11、 enzyme is most beneficial for leaves to assimilate K, Cu, Zn,Mn, Fe, Mg, B. However, spraying different ingredient fertilizer has little effect on exchangeable Mg in soil. Thus, when the N nutrient supply of basal fertilizer used in orchard is sufficient, spraying monopotassium phosphateB enzyme ca

12、n supply nutrients by maximum speed, and is able to increase the growth vigor of fruit trees, but if spraying a single nutrient composition often has little effect, and relatively is poor. Therefore,the monopotassium phosphateB enzyme is the best fertilizer formula in this experiment. The analysis o

13、f different indicators for fruit quality after spraying different foliar fertilize showed that spraying urea and water can significantly increase fruit shape index, chlorophyll content and titratable acid content, and is the most beneficial to increase the fruit, but if inappropriately spraying othe

14、r fertilizer will affect improvement of fruit quality. And the treatment of monopotassium phosphateB enzyme can significantly increase fruit weight, anthocyanin, fruit firmness and fruit mineral nutrients, significantly improve the quality of the fruit, so in the early and mid-term of fruit trees growing, should spraying urea and water on fruit trees to speed up the growth of fruit trees