高一 定语从句.docx

1、高一 定语从句 高一语法复习定语从句讲义一语法专题定语从句1Basic definition： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词，代词或句子的从句叫定语从句。作用相当于形容词，因此也成为形容词性从句。Leading：something important1. That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 2. He who lives next to us sells vegetables. 3. Tom got a high score in the final exam, which made his parents very happy.先行词指

2、定语从句所修饰的那个词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的 一个成分。（1）关系词的分类及作用 一）关系词分类 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which; that, as; 关系副词有：when, where, why. 二）关系词的用法： 1.关系代词的用法1) 作主语用who, which和that, 如： (a)He is the man who/that lives next door. (b)The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2)

3、作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： (a)The man (whom/who/that) we have just seen is a famous writer. (b)Where is the book I bought last week?3) 作定语用whose, 后跟人或物。 (a) He is the man whose car was stolen last week. 作主语 (b) It was a meeting importance I did not realize at that time. 作宾语 注：whose的先行词用来指具体事物或抽象

4、概念，这时可与of which结 构互换，词序是：“名词+of which”(a)They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. = the back wall of which = of which the back wall (b)Hes written a book the name of which Ive completely forgotten. = whose name= 4) 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。 (a)He is no longer the man (that) he was.

5、 (b)This is no longer the dirty place (that) it used to be. 2.关系副词的用法 1)when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, week。 (a)I still remember the time when I first became a college student.(b)Do you know the date when Lincoln was born?注：when时常可以省略，特别是在某些句型和某些时间状语中。 (a)Each time he came, he did h

6、is best to help us. (b)But help never stopped coming from the day she fell ill.2)where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等. (a)This is the hotel where they are staying.比较一下两句： (a) I forget the house where the Smiths lived. (b) I forget the house which the Smi

7、ths lived in.3) why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。 (a)That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 3.使用关系副词应注意下列几点1)这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during) + which; where = in (at, on) + which; why = for which. (a)I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. (b)The office where (=in

8、 which) he works is on the third floor. (c)This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it.2)当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注 意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： Ill never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. Ill never forget the days which/

9、that we spent together last summer. 练习：His father works in a factory glasses are made. His father works in a factory makes glasses.3) when和where既可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制性定语 从句。而why只能引导限制性定语从句。定语从句基础题1. Do you want a friend _ you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts?A. which B.

10、 who C. that D. whom2. I can well remember that there was a time _ a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. A. that B. which C. when D. on which3. Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing _ really must be e

11、xperienced. A. who B. that C. when D. where4. The AD 450 English was based more on German than the English _ we speak at present. A. who B. whom C. where D. /5. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those _ ruled England spoke first Danish and later Fr

12、ench. A. which B. that C. whom D. who6. Today the number of people who _ learning English in China _ increasing rapidly. A. is / is B. are / are C. are / is D. is / are7. They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river _ is called the Mekong

13、River in other countries. A. that B. who C. where D. by which8. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from _ it begins to _ it ends. A. which / which B. where / where C. which / where D. where / which9. She gave me a determined look the kind _said she would n

14、ot change her mind. A. who B. what C. why D. that10. We found a large atlas with good maps _ showed details of would geography. A. that B. who C. where D. what11. Mekong River makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains _ rice grows. A. where B. when C. that D. which12. But the on

15、e million people of the city, _ thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. A. which B. whom C. they D. who13. It was felt in _ is more than two hundred kilometers away. A. Beijing which B. Beijing that C. Beijing, which D. Beijing, that14. A huge crack that was eight kilometers

16、 long and thirty meters wide _ across houses, roads and canals. A. cut B. cutting C. cuts D. to cut15. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured _ more than 400,000. A. reaching B. to reach C. have reached D. reached16. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake _ was almost as st

17、rong as the first one shook Tangshan. A. who B. when C. where D. which17. The army organized teams to dig out _ were trapped and to bury the dead. A. those who B. who C. the people D. whom18. Workers built shelters for survivors _ homes had been destroyed. A. their B. which C. whose D. of whom19. Th

18、e time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. A. that B. which C. when D. on which20. It was 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer I went for advice. A. to whom B. whom C. who D. with which21. He was generous with his time, _ I was grateful. A. for whom B. for which C.

19、whom D. which22. The school _ I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. A. to which B. of which C. there D. where23. However, this was a time _ one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. A. when B. that C. which D. then24. The day _ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my h

20、appiest. A. then B. which C. from which D. when25. Theyaskaboutthethingsandteachers_theystillrememberedintheschool. A.whichB.thatC.whomD.thatandwho 26. Black people could not get the jobs _ they wanted. A. when B. where C. who D. /27. The parts of town _ they had to live were decided by white people

21、. A. in which B. on which C. in that D. on that28. The places outside the towns _ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. A. in which B. on which C. where D. there29. We were put into a position _ we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. A. in w

22、hich B. when C. which D. that30. We first broke the law in a way _ was peaceful; when this was not allowed only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. A. in which B. by which C. to which D. which 31. The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill. A. why; that B. that; why C. for that; that

23、 D. for which; what 32. He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. A. that B. which C. for which D. who 33. That is not the way _I do it. A./ B. which C. for which D. with which 34. I have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of whi

24、ch 35. I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 36. My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37. This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which

25、C. from that D. from which 38. He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask

26、the guard _ happened? - Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which 43. The number of t

27、he people who _ cars _ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. / C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a h

28、ole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where 48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been

29、 expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ball pens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 高一语法复习定语从句讲义二二. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1. 限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况，对先行词起限定作用，与先行词关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略，否则全句意义就不完整。如：(a)This is the telegram which he refers to.(b)Is there anything (that) I can do for you?2. 非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明，没有限定作用，它与先行词的关系比较松散，因而不是关键性的，如果省略，原句的意义仍然完整。(a)This note was left by Tom, who was here a mome