成人本科大学英语B统考《阅读理解二》解析真题全新版.docx

1、成人本科大学英语B统考阅读理解二解析真题全新版第二部分 阅读理解(2)(2021年9月统考)全真翻译版 以下16 篇阅读理解必考一篇,答案是四个选项选一,本部分不做红色标注,全部为重点内容,必须掌握,原题出现,答案位置不变,考1题10分,10分一定不可以丢.建议多看短文的中文意思,然后记下选项答案.最后附录为搭桥联想记忆法,适合10分钟内强化记忆.Passage 1 (美国及美国人的由来) The United States covers a large part of the North American continent. Its neighbors are Canada to the

2、north and Mexico to the south. Although the United States is a big country, it is not the largest in the world. In 2000, its population was over 222 million. When this land first became a nation, after winning its independence from England, it had thirteen states. Each of the states was represented

3、on the American flag by a star. All these states were in the eastern part of the continent. As the nation grew toward the west, new states were added and new stars appeared on the flag. For a long time, there were 48 stars. In 1959, however, two more stars were added to the flag, representing the ne

4、w states of Alaska and Hawaii. Indians were the first people of the land which is now the United States. There are still many thousands of Indians now living in all parts of the country. Sometimes it is said that the Indians are “the only real Americans”. Most Americans come from all over the world.

5、 Those who came first in greatest numbers to make their homes on the eastern coast of North America were mostly from England. It is for that reason that the language of the United States is English and that its culture and customs are more like those of England than those of any other country in the

6、 world.美国占去北美大陆很大一部分土地.它北邻加拿大,南接墨西哥. 虽然美国是一个大国,但它不是世界上最大的.在2000年,它的人口超过2.22亿.这片土地刚从英国独立出来,第一次成为一个国家的时候,只有十三个州,每个州在美国国旗上由一颗星来代表.这些州都在东部.当这个国家不断向西扩大,就增加了新的州,同时它们也出现在国旗上.很长一段时间,美国有48个州,可是,到1959年,国旗上又多了两颗星,分别代表阿拉斯加和夏威夷.印地安人是如今叫做美国的这块土地上的最初居民.现在在全国各地仍然居住着许多这些原始居民的后裔.有时人们说印安人才是“真正的美国人”.不过,大部分美国人是来自世界各地.那些

7、最早大批来到北美东海岸建立家园的人大部来自英格兰,也是由于这个原因,美国的国语为英语,而它的文化习俗也与英国的更为相像.1. Which of the following is TRUE? 以下选项哪个是正确的?A. America is the largest country in the world.B. The United States lies next to Canada and Mexico.美国邻近加拿大和墨西哥.C. America covers most part of the North American continent.D. Mexico is to the nor

8、th of Canada.2. After winning its independence, the United States mainly developed westward. 在赢得了独立之后,美国向西发展. A. had nothing to do with England B. made India part of its landC. mainly developed westward D. took over parts of Canada and Mexico3. The United States didnt have _ states until _. 美国在1959年

9、前没有50个星星A. thirteen; 1959 B. fifty; 1959C. fifty; this land first became a nation D. fifty;19644. Why is English the language of America? 为什么美国的国语为英语?A. Because English is the native language of the Indians. B. Because most Americans come from all over the world.C. Because Canada is Americas nearest

10、 neighbor.D. Because most of the people who first settled in America were from England.因为最早来定居人大部分来自于英格兰 5. The best title for the passage is “ _”. 这篇文章最好的标题是美利坚合众国A. the States of America B. The language of AmericaC. The United States of America D. The Culture and Customs of AmericaKEY:BCBDCPassage

11、 2 What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to

12、a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He

13、 also works to fit the answer he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works. The scientists knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of condition

14、s at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed

15、 the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of this mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations th

16、at may test his investigations.是什么使一个普通人成为科学家?他有与众不同的学习方法和工具吗?答案是否定的.不是因为科学家使用的工具,而是因为他使用工具的方法使得他成为科学家.你也许认同怎么用力对一名木匠来说很重要.你也许也认同如何研究调查,如何发现信息对每个人来说都很重要.然而,科学家比这更进一步,他必须确定对自己的问题给出了一个合理的答案,并且他的答案通过别人也可以得到证实.同时,他还要让自己得出的许多答案符合关于世界如何运作的理论之中.科学家的知识必须是精确的.不能出现半对半错或者只对一半的情况.他必须在条件允许的情况下尽可能正确.在某个时间某个条件下成立的

17、理论或公式必须在其他时间相同的条件下都能成立.如果条件发生了变化,科学家在证明过程中观察到的任何变化都必须由条件的变化来解释.这就是调查在科学研究中十分重要的一个理由.爱因斯坦通过数学方法提出了相对论.其数学方法的正确性被后人的调查研究所证实,从而证明该理论是正确的.一个科学家会用很多方法来进行调查研究.然后用数学来计算这些结果,从而测试这些调查结果是否正确.1. What makes a scientist according to the passage? 根据这篇文章的观点科学家是如何来的? A. The tools he uses. B. The way he uses his too

18、ls. 他使用工具的方法 C. His way of learning. D. The various tools he uses.2. “The scientist, however, goes one step further”. The author says this to show _. “然而,科学家比这更进一步”作者这么说是为了说明什么? A. the importance of information B. the importance of thinking C. the difference between scientists and ordinary people科学家

19、与普通人的区别 D. the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs3. A sound scientific theory should be one that _.一项伟大的科学理论应该是怎么样的? A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times 不仅只在一种条件下一次可行,而是要在同样的条件下一直可行. B. does not allow any

20、changes even under different conditions C. can be used for many purposes D. leave no room for improvement4. The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate _.作者引用爱因斯坦的例子是为了证明什么? A. that measurements are keys to success in science B. that accuracy of mathematics C. that the investigations

21、 are important in science调查研究在科学领域十分重要. D. that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations5. What is the main idea of the passage? 这篇文章的中心意思是什么? A. The theory of relativity. B. Exactness is the core of science. C. Scientists are different from ordinary people. D. Exactness and ways of

22、 using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist. 确切性和使用工具的方法是成为科学家的重要因素.KEY:BCACDPassage 3 One day a bookseller (书商) let a big box of books fall on his foot. “Go to see the doctor,” said his wife. “No,” he said, “Ill wait until the doctor comes into the shop next time. Then Ill ask him about

23、my foot. If I go to see him, Ill have to pay him.” On the next day the doctor came into the shop for some books. When the bookseller was getting them ready, he told the doctor about his bad foot. The doctor looked at it. “You must put that foot in hot water every night. Then you must put something o

24、n it,” said the doctor.He took out a piece of paper and wrote on it. “Buy this and put it on the foot before you go to bed every night,” he said. “Thank you,” said the bookseller. “And now, sir, here are your books.” “How much?”said the doctor. “Two pounds.” “Good,” said the doctor. “I shall not hav

25、e to pay you anything.” “Why?” asked the bookseller. “I told you about your foot. I want two pounds for that. If people come to my house, I ask them to pay one pound for a small thing like that. But when I go to their houses, I want two pounds. And I came here, didnt I?” 一天一位书商被一大箱书砸到了脚.他妻子说:“去看医生吧.

26、”他说:“不,我要等医生下次到店里来,然后让他帮我看脚.如果到他那里看,我就得付给他诊金了.”第二天医生到店里来买书.书商把书找齐,然后把脚伤告诉了医生.医生给他看脚.医生说:“你每晚要用热水泡脚,然后上药.他拿出一张纸写下药方,说:“买这种药,然后每晚睡前涂在脚上.”书商说:“谢谢.那么,先生,这是您的书.”医生问:“多少钱?”“两英镑.”“太好了,”医生说:“我就不用付你钱了.”“为什么?”书商问道.“我给你看了脚,收你两英镑.像那样的小伤,如果到我那里看,我只收一英镑.但是要我出诊,就收两英镑.而我到你这里来给你看病了,不是吗?”1.What happened to the bookse

27、ller one day? 有一天书商发生了什么事情?A.He lost a box of books. B.His foot was wounded by a box of books. 他的脚被一箱书砸伤了.C.He lent the doctor a box of books. D.He sold out all his books2.The booksellers wife asked him _. 书商的妻子让他 _.A.to go out for some medicine B. to send somebody for a doctorC. to go to see the do

28、ctor 去看医生 D. to wait for the doctor to come3.The bookseller didnt take his wifes advice because _.书商没有接受妻子的建议是因为_.A.he was afraid of the doctor B. he didnt like to take medicineC. he couldnt walk by himself D. he didnt want to pay the doctor 他不想付钱给医生4.The doctor paid _ for the books. 医生支付了_ 买书.Aone

29、pound B. two pounds C. nothing 没有 D. something5.The bookseller paid _ money for seeing the doctor in the end.最终书商支付了_ 看医生.Amore 更多 B. less C. the same amount of D. noKEY:BCDCAPassage 4 Today Newton is a very clean place. Many years ago, however, there were millions of rats in it. They attacked the c

30、ats and dogs. Sometimes a great number of them knocked down a man or woman walking home at night. The rats were very large in size and they harmed many people.They government ordered everybody to kill rats. Most people were lazy, so they didnt kill many. The government promised to pay some money for

31、 each dead rat. That made the people very happy. They killed thousands of rats everyday. A government officer put all the dead rats in a big pile. Sometimes a man brought hundreds in one day.After two weeks there were not many rats in the city, but people still brought many rats to the government of

32、fice. The government officer thought that people were stealing dad rats from the pile. He ordered his men to dig a deep hole and put the rats in it. Soon there were no more rats, and the government didnt pay any more money. 如今牛顿市是一个非常干净的地方.然而,很多年前,那里有上百万只老鼠.它们袭击猫狗.走夜路回家的人中,无论男女,也经常有人被一大群老鼠撞倒.那些老鼠个头很大,使很多人受伤.政府下令每个人都要灭鼠.大多数人都很懒,所以灭掉的不多