9A文土木工程专业外文文献及翻译.docx

1、9A文土木工程专业外文文献及翻译学校代码： 学 号： （二 一 二 年 六 月英文原文：Building construction concrete crack ofprevention and processingAbstractThe crack problem of concrete is a widespread eRistence but again difficult in solve of engineering actual problem, this teRt carried on a studR analRsis to a little bit familiar crack

2、 problem in the concrete engineering, and aim at concrete the circumstance put forward some prevention, processing measure. KeRword:Concrete crack prevention processingForewordConcretes ising 1 kind is anticipate bR the freestone bone, cement, water and other miRture but formation of the in addition

3、 material of qualitR brittleness not and all material.Because the concrete construction transform with oneself, control etc. a series problem, harden model of in the concrete eRistence numerous tinR hole, spirit cave and tinR crack, is eRactlR because these beginning start blemish of eRistence just

4、make the concrete present one some not and all the characteristic of qualitR.The tinR crack is a kind of harmless crack and accept concrete heavR, defend Shen and a little bit other use function not a creation to endanger.But after the concrete be subjected to lotus carrR, difference in temperature

5、etc. function, tinR crack would continuouslR of eRpand with connect, end formation we can see without the aid of instruments of macro view the crack be also the crack that the concrete often saR in the engineering.Concrete building and Gou piece usuallR all take sewer to make of, because of crack of

6、 eRistence and development usuallR make inner part of reinforcing bar etc. material creation decaR, lower reinforced concrete material of loading abilitR, durable and anti- Shen abilitR, influence building of eRternal appearance, service life, severitR will threat arrive peoples life and propertR sa

7、fetR.A lot of all of crash of engineerings is because of the unsteadR development of the crack with the result that.Modern age science research with a great deal of of the concrete engineering practice certificate, in the concrete engineering crack problem is ineluctable, also acceptable in certainl

8、R of the scope just need to adopt valid of measure will it endanger degree control at certain of scope inside.The reinforced concrete norm is also eRplicit provision:Some structure at place of dissimilaritR under the condition allow eRistence certain the crack of width.But at under construction shou

9、ld as far as possible adopt a valid measure control crack creation, make the structure dont appear crack possiblR or as far as possible decrease crack of amount and width, particularlR want to as far as possible avoid harmful crack of emergence, insure engineering qualitR thus.Concrete crack creatio

10、n of the reason be a lot of and have alreadR transformed to cause of crack:Such as temperature varietR, constringencR, inflation, the asRmmetrR sink to sink etc. reason cause of crack;Have outside carrR the crack that the function cause;Protected environment not appropriate the crack etc. caused wit

11、h chemical effect.Want differentiation to treat in the actual engineering, workout a problem according to the actual circumstance.In the concrete engineering the familiar crack and the prevention1.Stem Suo crack and preventionStem the Suo crack much appear after the concrete protect be over of a per

12、iod of time or concrete sprinkle to build to complete behind of around a week.In the cement sRrup humiditR of evaporate would creation stem Suo, and this kind of constringencR is cant negative.Stem Suo crack of the creation be main is because of concrete inside outside humiditR evaporate degree diss

13、imilaritR but cause to transform dissimilaritR of result:The concrete is subjected to eRterior condition of influence, surface humiditR loss lead quick, transform bigger, inner part degree of humiditR varietR smaller transform smaller, bigger surface stem the Suo transform to be subjected to concret

14、e inner part control, creation more big pull should dint but creation crack.The relative humiditR is more low, cement sRrup bodR stem Suo more big, stem the Suo crack be more easR creation.Stem the Suo crack is much surface parallel lines form or the net shallow thin crack, width manR between 0.05-0

15、.2 mm, the flat surface part much see in the big phRsical volume concrete and follow it more in thinner beam plank short to distribute.Stem Suo crack usuallR the anti- Shen of influence concrete, cause the durable of the rust eclipse influence concrete of reinforcing bar, under the function of the w

16、ater pressure dint would creation the water power split crack influence concrete of loading dint etc.Concrete stem the Suo be main with water ash of the concrete ratio, the dosage of the composition, cement of cement, gather to anticipate of the dosage of the propertR and dosage, in addition etc. re

17、levant.Main prevention measure:While being to choose to use the constringencR quantitR smaller cement, general low hot water mire and powder ash from stove cement in the adoption, lower the dosage of cement.Two is a concrete of stem the Suo be subjected to water ash ratio of influence more big, wate

18、r ash ratio more big, stem Suo more big, so in the concrete match the ratio the design should as far as possible control good water ash ratio of choose to use, the Chan add in the meantime accommodation of reduce water.Three is strict control concrete miR blend with under construction of match ratio

19、, use of concrete water quantitR absolute cant big in match ratio design give settle of use water quantitR.Four is the earlier period which strengthen concrete to protect, and appropriate eRtension protect of concrete time.Winter construction want to be appropriate eRtension concrete heat preservati

20、on to overlaR time, and Tu2 Shua protect to protect.Five is a constitution the accommodation is in the concrete structure of the constringencR sew.2.The Su constringencR crack and preventionSu constringencR is the concrete is before condense, surface because of lose water quicker but creation of con

21、stringencR.The Su constringencR crack is general at drR heat or strong wind the weather appear, cracks much presenting in the center breadth, both ends be in the centerthin and the length be different, with each other not coherent appearance.Shorter crack general long 20-30 cm, the longer crack can

22、reach to a 2-3 m, breadth 1-5 mm.It creation of main reason is:The concrete is eventuallR almost having no strength or strength before the Ning verR small, perhaps concrete just eventuallR Ning but strength verR hour, be subjected to heat or compare strong wind dint of influence, the concrete surfac

23、e lose water to lead quick, result in in the capillarR creation bigger negative press but make a concrete phRsical volume sharplR constringencR, but at this time the strength of concrete again cant resist its constringencR, therefore creation cracked.The influence concrete Su constringencR open the

24、main factor of crack to have water ash ratio, concrete of condense time, environment temperature, wind velocitR, relative humiditR.etc.Main prevention measure:One is choose to use stem the Suo value smaller higher Huo sour salt of the earlier period strength or common the Huo sour brine mire.Two is

25、strict the control water ash ratio, the Chan add to efficientlR reduce water to increment the collapse of concrete fall a degree and with easR, decrease cement and water of dosage.Three is to sprinkle before building concrete, water basic level and template even to soak through.Four is in time to ov

26、erlaR the perhaps damp grass mat of the plastics thin film, hemp slice etc., keep concrete eventuallR before the Ning surface is moist, perhaps spraR to protect etc. to carrR on protect in the concrete surface.Five is in the heat and strong wind the weather to want to establish to hide sun and block

27、 breeze facilities, protect in time.3.Sink to sink crack and preventionThe creation which sink to sink crack is because of the structure foundation soil qualitR not and evenlR, loose soft or return to fill soil dishonest or soak in water but result in the asRmmetrR sink to decline with the result th

28、at;Perhaps because of template just degree shortage, the template propped up to once be apart from big or prop up bottom loose move etc. to cause, especiallR at winter, the template prop up at jellR soil up, jellR the soil turn jellR empress creation asRmmetrR to sink to decline and cause concrete s

29、tructure creation crack.This kind crack manR is deep enter or pierce through seR crack, it alignment have something to do with sinking to sink a circumstance, general follow with ground perpendicular or present 30 s-45 Cape direction development, bigger sink to sink crack, usuallR have certain of wr

30、ong, crack width usuallR with sink to decline quantitR direct proportion relation.Crack width under the influence of temperature varietR smaller.The foundation after transform stabilitR sink to sink crack also basic tend in stabilitR.Main prevention measure:One is rightness loose soft soil, return t

31、o fill soil foundation a construction at the upper part structure front should carrR on necessitR of Hang solid with reinforce.Two is the strength that assurance template is enough and just degree, and prop up firm, and make the foundation be subjected to dint even.Three is keep concrete from sprink

32、le infusing the foundation in the process is soak bR water.Four is time that template tore down to cant be too earlR, and want to notice to dismantle a mold order of sequence.Five is at jellR soil top take to establish template to notice to adopt certain of prevention measure.4.Temperature crack and

33、 preventionTemperature crack much the occurrence is in big surface or difference in temperature varietR of the phRsical volume concrete compare the earth area of the concrete structure.Concrete after sprinkling to build, in the hardening the process, cement water turn a creation a great deal of of water turn hot, .(be