精选高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破6推理判断写作意图题优选习题.docx

1、精选高考英语二轮增分策略专题三阅读理解第二节分类突破6推理判断写作意图题优选习题六、推理判断写作意图题(2018镇江一模)Most of us are already aware of the direct effect we have on our friends and family.But we rarely consider that everything we think，feel，do，or say can spread far beyond the people we know.Conversely(相反地)，our friends and family serve as con

2、duits(渠道) for us to be influenced by hundreds or even thousands of other people.In a kind of social chain reaction，we can be deeply affected by events we do not witness that happen to people we do not know.As part of a social network，we go beyond ourselves，for good or ill，and become a part of someth

3、ing much larger.Our connectedness carries with it fundamental implications(影响) for the way we understand the human condition.Social networks have value precisely because they can help us to achieve what we could not achieve on our own.Yet，social-network effects are not always positive.Depression，obe

4、sity，financial panic，and violence also spread.Social networks，it turns out，tend to magnify(放大) whatever they are seeded with.Partly for this reason，social networks are creative.And what these networks create does not belong to any one individualit is shared by all those in the network.In this way，a

5、social network is like a commonly owned forest：we all stand to benefit from it，but we also must work together to ensure it remains healthy and productive.While social networks are fundamentally and distinctively human，and can be seen everywhere，they should not be taken for granted.If you are happier

6、 or richer or healthier than others，it may have a lot to do with where you happen to be in the network，even if you cannot recognize your own location.And it may have a lot to do with the overall structure of the network，even if you cannot control that structure at all.And in some cases，the process f

7、eeds back to the network itself.A person with many friends may become rich and then attract even more friends.This rich-get-richer dynamic means social networks can dramatically reinforce two different kinds of inequality in our society：situational inequality and positional inequality.Lawmakers have

8、 not yet considered the consequences of positional inequality.Still，understanding the way we are connected is an essential step in creating a more just society and in carrying out public policies affecting everything from public health to the economy.We might be better off vaccinating(接种疫苗) centrall

9、y located individuals rather than weak individuals.We might be better off helping interconnected groups of people to avoid criminal behaviour rather than preventing or punishing crimes one at a time.If we want to understand how society works，we need to fill in the missing links between individuals.W

10、e need to understand how interconnections and interactions between people give rise to wholly new aspects of human experience that are not present in the individuals themselves.If we do not understand social networks，we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.1What c

11、an be inferred from the first paragraph?AWe cant be easily affected by strangers.BWe are connected and form a social network.CWe have negative effects on other social members.DWe will not make a difference in a specific group.答案B解析推理判断题。根据第一段的内容，尤其是最后一句可知，人与人之间是相互联系相互影响的，从而形成一个社会网络。2Why is a social

12、network like a commonly owned forest?ABecause it remains healthy and productive.BBecause it tends to magnify negative things.CBecause it is creative and shared by people in the whole society.DBecause what it creates can be enjoyed by everyone in the network.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，这种网络创造出来的产品并不属于任何个人，

13、而是整个网络里面的人所共享的。3We can learn from Paragraph 4 that .Awhether we are richer depends on the number of friends we makeBthe wealth we possess has nothing to do with individual continuous effortsCsometimes our success may be largely due to our position in social networksDwe wont succeed unless we fully c

14、ontrol the overall structure of the network答案C解析推理判断题。根据第四段第一句可知，我们的成功与我们在社交网络中所处的位置有很大的关系。4Whats the authors purpose of writing the passage?ATo introduce the characteristics of social networks.BTo urge people to understand how our society works.CTo show the significance of understanding social netw

15、orks.DTo explain the possible consequences of ignoring social networks.答案C解析写作意图题。根据最后一段最后一句“If we do not understand social networks，we cannot hope to fully understand either ourselves or the world we inhabit.”可知，文章旨在表明社会关系网的重要性。一、题型解读各种话题的阅读材料都可能考查写作意图/目的题。设问形式常有：1整篇文章的写作意图/目的：(1)The author writes

16、this passage in order to .(2)The author of the passage aims to .(3)The purpose of the passage is to .(4)What is the main purpose of the passage?(5)What is the authors intention of writing this passage?(6)The author of the story wants to tell us that .2某处细节的写作意图/目的：(1)The author uses.in the first par

17、agraph to .(2)The author uses the example of.to .(3)The author writes the last paragraph in order to .(4)Why does the author mention.in the first paragraph?二、解题技巧1文体特点推意图(1)记叙文：一般会在首段或尾段出现高度概括的总结性的语言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有的叙述都是围绕该哲理展开。(2)广告类应用文：文章中有对某种物品或服务的详尽介绍，使用具有明显支持倾向的语言。(3)说明文：写作目的有赖于对文章主旨的把握，阅读时需要找准主题

18、句。(4)议论文：提出论点进行论证得出结论，作者的意图往往隐含于最后一部分中。2看写作手法找答案(1)在文章开头提出问题或介绍与主题有关的其他事物时答案中往往会含有to bring in/to introduce the topic等字眼。(2)举例或引用某人的话时答案中往往会含有to support/to show.例如：【感悟体会】中的第4题，文章为议论文，文章先提出论点，再进行论证，最后得出结论，因此通过最后一段所给信息可知文章旨在表明社会关系的重要性。A(2018湖南第二次联考)In my very first job with some 1archaeologists，I wasnt

19、 digging objects out of the ground，instead I was employed as an artist，drawing what they found.However，I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them and thats how my career in archaeology started.I still draw what I find in my work as a specialist on the Silk Road

20、，the old trade route running from Egypt to Mongolia，and I also work on some underwater projects too.In archaeology，my all-time hero is an American called Raphael Pumpelly.I first heard about him when I was a student on a trip to Turkmenistan，a country right in the heart of Asia.To get around the cou

21、ntry，I had to learn Russian so that I could speak to the local people.When I got there I thought，“Wow! Im one of the first Americans here！” Then an old man told me about an American archaeologist，Raphael Pumpelly，who was there doing the same thing over 100 years ago.Archaeologys in my family.My wife

22、s in the same 2profession，and，although our two boys arent interested in the future in archaeology themselves，weve been on some great digs together and they love what we do because they get to travel with us.Last summer，we took them to Lake Titicaca in South America，in the high areas of the Andes mou

23、ntain range.My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyptian Red Sea coast.Theres very little rain and its so dry that everything is kept as it was.In an old house，where the owner used to store goods from the ships that came in，I picked up a 700-year-old mat in front of the house and there，

24、under it，after all that time，was the house key with the owners name carved on it.It felt like he could be on his way home any minute! And I thought，“Hey，I do just that.This mans not much different to me！”语篇解读作者在文章中介绍了自己喜欢做考古学家的原因，并讲述了自己在各地考古的经历和感受。1While working in Egypt，what did the writer find so

25、interesting?AThat people from different centuries could be so similar.BThe fact that the doormat was in such good condition.CThe way the people managed to live in such a dry place.DThat there had been so much trade in that area.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“My best experience was when I was digging on the Egyp

26、tian Red Sea coast.”和此段最后一句可知，作者看见了地垫下的钥匙，感觉700年前的那个人就在回家的路上，感觉彼此没有什么不同。故选A。2Which 3entry will the writer probably make in his diary?ATurkmenistan is interesting.Im the first American to come here but Im glad this is my last trip away.BI have been diving today and found some objects for an exhibitio

27、n.Ive just finished drawing them for my records.CI wish my children werent more interested in archaeology and would not work hard in the open like their parents.DIts nearly dark but Raphaels still busy digging in that old house.He can be very annoying.He thinks hes the most important person here.答案B

28、解析推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者从事画图工作，还从事水下工作。B项与画图和水下工作有关，故选B。3What is the writers main purpose in writing the text?ATo describe the life of an archaeologist he admires.BTo persuade people to take up archaeology as a career.CTo explain what he enjoys about being an archaeologist.DTo show how archaeologists

29、work.答案C解析写作意图题。根据第一段中的“I was soon more interested in the stories behind the objects than in drawing them”可知，作者在文中解释了自己喜欢做考古学家的原因，故选C。BStained glass(彩色玻璃) artists create different designs by making cuts on the glass to“score” it and then breaking off the pattern that they want to use in the finished

30、 product.The most difficult cut in stained glass is called an inside cut.Basically，its a curved(弯曲的) line where you throw away the part inside of the curve.The problem with inside cuts is that the edges of the curve tend to break off when the pieces of scored glass are broken apart.As the artist tal

31、ked about inside cuts，he said，“The glass will break into pieces if you try to cut too much off at once.The best way to do an inside cut is to 7slice off smaller curves piece-by-piece.In fact，its not just the best way to do it，but its the only way to do it.”How many times do you try to make a big cha

32、nge and cut the entire piece at once? We convince ourselves that we can do this all the time.Well 4commit to 5transforming our diet overnight or we get inspired to launch a business in a weekend or we finally get motivated to work out and push ourselves to the edge of burning out.Why not approach your goals and dreams like a stained glass artist? Starting by slicing a shallow curve and breaking a small piece of