1、中考英语完形填空讲解与练习中考完型填空的6个命题特点一、重语境完形填空着眼于整体理解,必须在对短文大意进行了解的基础上才能较准确地推知答案。因此,需要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情节,尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索,把自己置身于情景当中进行填空,这样才能比较顺利且有把握地捕捉到正确信息。二、重实词完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词,当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词,如介词、连词等。三、重首句首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句,是观察全文的窗口,对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。如果设选
2、项,就会加大难度,影响对文章信息的捕捉,使做题者陷入茫然。四、重快速领悟文章主旨的能力完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格,使文章支离破碎、残缺不全,这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要考生跳过空格,快速领悟文章主旨。只有这样,才能保证思路连贯,在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。设空有一定的规律性。一般说来大都是均衡分布,各空之间的距离大致相当,通常是隔一定词数,留出一个空格,不连续设空。关系过于密切时,只设一个选项。如果两个相互依存,关系密切的单词或短语都设为选项,就会形成错一个等于错两个,对一个等于对两个的现象。五、重对文章的整体把握能力对文章的整体把握就是指根据文章的主旨,通过上下文暗示
3、,对整篇文章、整个段落或整个意群的整体文意的把握。六、重考查排除干扰、完形词义的能力完形填空题中干扰项的干扰,一般与语法结构无太大关系,重在文意干扰。因此,只要把握了文意和具体的语境,通过对词义的辨析,一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。最新中考英语完形填空 (附详解)My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was
4、 _1_ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldnt know he has a problem when you saw him _2_. Children in our neighborhood always ran around _3_ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, _4_. We never told him that he probably wouldnt be _5_ to run like the other children. So he didnt
5、know. In _6_ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of the others, _7_ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the _8_. We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didnt know. He ran four to five mile every dayeve
6、n when he had a fever. I was _9_, so I went to _10_ him after school. I found him running _11_. I asked him how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept _12_. Two weeks later, the names of the team _13_ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Jo
7、ey had _14_ the team. He was in seventh grade the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never told him he couldnt do it so he didnt know. He just _15_ it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk3. A. after B. beforeC. during D. till4. A. either B. too C. t
8、hough D. yet5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth7. A. so B. if C. then D. because8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for11. A. alone B. awayC. almost
9、 D. already12. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running13. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers14. A. got B. kept C. made D. found15. A.made B.played C.had D. took【答案与解析】文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动,但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下,凭借着自身的努力,终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。1. A。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“他生命
10、中的头三年是在医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于,度过”的意思,并且spend还可做及物动词,所以放在此处,不仅符合此处的语境,而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A。2. D。根据前文中The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk,可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时,当你看到他走路,你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D。3. C。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在期间”,放在此处符合此处的语境。故答
11、案选C。4. B。前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动,而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子,因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文,可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B。5. A。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做事”,故答案选A。6. B。根据后文中“He was in seventh grade the other six team members were all eighth graders”,可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B。7. D。前
12、文提到Joey每天坚持训练,而且练得比其他任何人都勤,后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中,因此综合前后文的内容联系,不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系,即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。故答案选D。8. C。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C。9. D。这里提到Joey每天坚持跑45英里,即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断,而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动,所以根据逻辑思维,作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D(from )。10. D。根据前文综述,再对照选项,可得出这里是
13、在讲述作者决定在Joey放学后来找他。故答案选D。11. D。 根据后文中He has two more miles to go,再对照选项,可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D。12. D。 联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方,并且一直跑着”。故答案选D。13. B。 联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“两周后,队员名单被公布出来了”,再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动,故答案选B。14. C。根据前文中We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team,再对照选项,可推知此处应填make,即根据
14、前文中的相同或类似表述可得出。再因为make有“作为的一分子”的意思,放在此处,意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C。15. D。根据前文中“We never told him he couldnt do it so he didnt know”,再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实,可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”,即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加,加入”,故答案选D。【答案与解析】文章讲述了Rudi为了实现自己的梦想,毅然选择去攀登阿尔卑斯山的最高峰。就在他快实现自己梦想的时候,为了救人他毅然选择放弃梦想,将荣誉拱手让给了他人,但人们还是认为 R
15、udi 是这座高峰的征服者。1. A。按照常识判断Rudi Matt的最大心愿应该是攀登阿尔卑斯山最高的 (highest) 山峰,而不是最远的 (farthest) 、最大的 (biggest) 、最深的 (deepest) 山峰。故答案选A。2. C。联系下文的内容发现,Rudi的妈妈和伯伯想让Rudi去酒店工作,因此他们不想看到Rudi去登山 (climbing) 。故答案选C。3. B。联系下文的内容发现,Rudi秘密地与一个英国登山者接触,并且这个英国登山者正计划着攀登那座最高的山峰,所以此处应该是Rudi不愿意放弃 (give up) 他的梦想。故答案选B。4. D。此处是一个定语
16、从句,修饰的成分为主语,指人即英国登山者,故答案选D。5. D。这里讲到,当Franz发现Rudi所做的一切,即与英国登山者秘密接触,按照逻辑来判断,他应该是很生气 (angry) ,而不是很劳累 (tired) 、很高兴 (glad) 、很平静 (quiet) 。故答案选D(from )。6. B。按照语境分析,此处应为最终Franz还是同意了让Rudi去登山,故答案选B。7. C。通过阅读全文不难发现,文章通篇都在讲述谁是第一个登上山顶的人,所以此处应是Franz不想看到Saxo先他之前到达山顶。故答案选C。8. A。前面提到Rudi在登山的过程中被证明是一个很好的攀登者,后面则讲到在接近
17、山顶的地方,出现了一些意外情况,陪伴Rudi一起登山的英国登山者生病了,因此不能再继续远行了。联系前后文可以发现此处应该表示为一个转折关系,故答案选A。9. C。后面提到由Franz来照顾这个英国登山者,因此Franz是留下来了。stay behind意思为“留下不走”,故答案选C。10. A。从文章的中心意思来看,这几位登山者都在积极地争取第一个到达山顶。故答案选A。11. B。此处讲到Rudi落在了Saxo的后面,而Rudi要证明自己是一个很优秀的登山者,就必须在此处击败Saxo,争取第一个到达山顶。故答案选B。12. D。前文提到Rudi与Saxo相遇后,立刻打了起来,在打斗中Saxo意
18、外地受了伤。后面则讲到Rudi是将Saxo转移到安全的地方还是独自上路,因此联系上下文,不难得出Rudi必须马上做出决定,故答案选D(from )。13. A。联系后文的内容,Rudi将Saxo背下山,所以此处就应为Rudi认为Saxo的生命比他的梦想更重要。故答案选A。14. B。从后文的内容可以看出,最终是Franz与那位英国登山者到达了山顶,那么此处就应该是他们继续开始攀登。故答案选B。15. D。根据原文的表述,是Franz与那位英国登山者最终到达了山顶,所以选项A、B、C均不符合题意。而根据原文所隐含的意思,则不难发现文章实质上在赞颂 Rudi 为了救人而勇敢地放弃了自己的梦想的行为
19、。故答案选D。中考英语完形填空自强不息(附详解)My son Joey was born with club feet. The doctors said that with treatment he would be able to walk, but would never run very well. The first three years of his life was _1_ in hospital. By the time he was eight, you wouldnt know he has a problem when you saw him _2_. Children
20、 in our neighborhood always ran around _3_ their play, and Joey would jump and ran and play, _4_. We never told him that he probably wouldnt be _5_ to run like the other children. So he didnt know. In _6_ grade he decided to join the school running team. Every day he trained. He ran more than any of
21、 the others, _7_ only the top seven runners would be chosen to run for the _8_. We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didnt know. He ran four to five mile every dayeven when he had a fever. I was _9_, so I went to _10_ him after school. I found him running _11_. I asked him
22、how he felt. “Okay,” he said. He has two more miles to go. Yet he looked straight ahead and kept _12_. Two weeks later, the names of the team _13_ were out. Joey was number six on the list. Joey had _14_ the team. He was in seventh grade the other six team members were all eighth graders. We never t
23、old him he couldnt do it so he didnt know. He just _15_ it. 1. A. spent B. taken C. cost D. paid2. A. talk B. sit C. study D. walk3. A. after B. before C. during D. till4. A. either B. too C. though D. yet5. A. able B. sorry C. glad D. afraid6. A. sixth B. seventh C. eighth D. ninth7. A. so B. if C.
24、 then D. because8. A. neighborhood B. family C. school D. grade9. A. excited B. tired C. pleased D. worried10. A. think about B. hear from C. agree with D. look for11. A. alone B. away C. almost D. already12. A. riding B. walking C. playing D. running13. A. jumpers B. runners C. doctors D. teachers1
25、4. A. got B. kept C. made D. found15. A. did B. had C. left D. took【答案与解析】文章讲述了Joey一出生便被医生认定不能正常地跑动,但是Joey的父母一直没有把这个情况告诉他。因此Joey就在这种毫不知情的情况下,凭借着自身的努力,终于如愿以偿地入选了校田径队。1. A。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“他生命中的头三年是在医院里度过的”。spend有“花时间于,度过”的意思,并且spend还可做及物动词,所以放在此处,不仅符合此处的语境,而且也符合此句的语法结构。故答案选A。2. D。根据前文中The doctors
26、 said that with treatment he would be able to walk,可知医生认为作者的儿子在经过治疗后是能够走路的。因此可推出此处是“在他8岁时,当你看到他走路,你察觉不出他有什么问题”。故答案选D。3. C。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“邻居家的孩子在他们做游戏时总是跑来跑去”。during的意思为“在期间”,放在此处符合此处的语境。故答案选C。4. B。前文提到医生认为作者的儿子将不能正常地跑动,而后文则提到作者没有把这个情况告诉给他的儿子,因此Joey不知道。所以综合前后文,可知此处是“Joey也跳、也跑、也玩耍”。故答案选B。5. A。联系
27、此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“他也许不能像其他的小朋友那样能够正常地跑动”。be able to do的意思为“能够做事”,故答案选A。6. B。根据后文中“He was in seventh grade the other six team members were all eighth graders”,可推知这里是“在七年级时他决定参加校田径队”。故答案选B。7. D。前文提到Joey每天坚持训练,而且练得比其他任何人都勤,后文则讲述只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中,因此综合前后文的内容联系,不难得出前后文之间形成了一个因果关系,即Joey每天刻苦训练是因为只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中。
28、故答案选D。8. C。联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“只有顶尖的七名选手能被选中代表学校参赛”。故答案选C。9. D。这里提到Joey每天坚持跑45英里,即使在他发烧的时候也没有中断,而前文提到Joey早在出生时就被医生认定是不能正常地跑动,所以根据逻辑思维,作者作为Joey的家长此时一定感到很担心。故答案选D。10. D。根据前文综述,再对照选项,可得出这里是在讲述作者决定在Joey放学后来找他。故答案选D。11. D。 根据后文中He has two more miles to go,再对照选项,可推知此处是“我发现他已经在跑了”。故答案选D。12. D。 联系此处的语境,再对照
29、选项,可知这里应是“他径直地看着前方,并且一直跑着”。故答案选D。13. B。 联系此处的语境,再对照选项,可知这里应是“两周后,队员名单被公布出来了”,再因为Joey选择的是跑步运动,故答案选B。14. C。根据前文中We didnt tell him he probably would never make the team,再对照选项,可推知此处应填make,即根据前文中的相同或类似表述可得出。再因为make有“作为的一分子”的意思,放在此处,意思为Joey加入了田径队。故答案选C。15. D。根据前文中“We never told him he couldnt do it so he
30、didnt know”,再结合Joey入选校田径队的事实,可推知此处要表达的内容是“他确实参加了”,即Joey是在一种毫不知情的情况下参加了田径队。take的意思有“参加,加入”,故答案选D。做完形填空的五个注意点1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句,一般不设空,要特别注重对首、尾句的理解,因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题,对理解全文有较大帮助。 2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容,弄不清头绪,这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理,应稳定情绪,再将短文读一、二遍,直到明确大意为止。 3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案,这样往往只见
31、树木不见树林。由于缺乏全局观念,极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空,其空白处是位于一篇文章之中,因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。 4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主,所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的,其他三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配,即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定,还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。 5. 动笔时先易后难,先完成容易、有把握的答案,这样可以增强自信心,然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的,可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示,大胆地作出猜测。Fashion not only in ClothesFor most people,the word “fashion” means “clothes”. But people may ask the question,“What _1_ are in fashion?” And they use the adjective “fashionable” in the same way: “She was wearing a _2_ coat.” “His shirt was reall
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