1、外研版七年级英语上册详细知识点汇总docxModule 1 My Classmates一、 单词1.Chinese n.汉语;中国人adj.中国的,中国人的(1)作语文,汉语讲时,为不可数名词;作“屮国人”讲时,为可数名词,单复数形式相 同。Eg. He can speak a little English.他能说一点英语。We are all Chinese.我们都是中国人。(2)作为“中国的,中国人的”讲时,为形容词。在句中作定语和表语。eg. Fm Chinese.我是中国人。Fm a Chinese student.我是一名中国的学生。2.American n.美国人;美洲人Adj.美
2、国的;美国人的;美洲的2.welcome v.欢迎 adj.受欢迎的(1)“欢迎”welcome sb. to.“欢迎某人到 ”eg. Welcome you to China.欢迎你来到中国。(2)“受欢迎的”1作为形容词在句中常做表语eg. You are welcome here.你在这儿是受欢迎的。2用作答谢的客套话,表示“不客气,别客气”eg.Thank you!谢谢你! 一You are welcome!不客气!3.too adv.也;太(1)表示“也”,常放在肯定句句尾,表示某情况也适合某人,句尾常用逗号隔开。eg. T ma student, too.我也是一名学生。(2)表示
3、“A”,修饰形容词或副词的原级。eg: The room is too big.这个房间太小 了。二、 基本句型1.Whats your name?你叫什么名字? My name is./Fm .我是 2.Where are you from?/Where do you come from?你来自哪里? 一Fm from./I come from.我来 自.3.How old are you?你多大了? 一Fm.years old. / Im.我岁 了。4.Nice to meet you!很高兴见到你。- Nice to meet you, too.我也很高兴见到你。5.How do you
4、 do?您好(初次见面)How do you do?您好三、 语法1.系动词be的用法:am用于第一人称I后;is用于第三人称单数后;are用于第二人称you及各种人称复数 口诀:I是am you是arc is用于he, she, it,复数形式全用arc2.肯定陈述句变一般疑问句的句式:(1)be+主语 + eg: Are you a student?(2)情态动词(can) + 主语 + 动词原形+ eg: Can you speak English?(3)助动词(do, does, did) + 主语 + 动词原形+ eg: Do you like English?3.代词:(1) 人称
5、代词:主格:I we you you he she it they (做主语)宾格:me us you you him her it them (作宾语/表语)(2) 物主代词:形容词性物主代词:my our your your his her its their (做定语)名词性物主代词:mine ours yours yours his hers its theirs (作定语以外成分)名词性物主代词二形容词性物主代词+名词eg: mine = my book四、知识拓展1.What about/ How about的用法(1) What about you = How about you
6、用来询问对方或第三者对前血所讨论话题的看法。eg. I want to listen to some music. What /How about you? 我想听点音乐,你呢?What about = How about + n./pron./v-ing 表示怎么样”用來提 出建议或请求。eg: How about listening to some music?听点音乐怎么样呢?How about some apples?吃些苹果怎么样?2.Nice to meet you!二 It s nice to meet you!Glad to meet you! = T m glad to me
7、et you!Happy to meet /see you!= I m happy to meet /see you!3.在英语中,英美名字在前,姓在后;而中国的人名姓在前,名在后。first name = give name 名字,last name = family name 姓,Middle name 中间名字eg. Gorge Washington Bushfirst name Middle name family name4.表示某年级班级时,先说班级再说年级,class和grade首字母大写。eg: r m Class 1 Grade 2. 我在二年级一班。Module 2 My
8、family一、单词1.family n.家;家庭(成员)集合名词。(1) 作“家,家庭整体”讲,做主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。eg. My family is a big one.我家是个大家庭。(2) 作“家人,家庭成员”讲,做主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 eg:My family are watching TV.我的家人在看电视。2.woman n.成年女子,妇女 复数形式(pl.) womenman n.成年男子,男人 复数形式(pl.) men当man和woman作定语修饰后面的名词,要随着后面名词的复数而变复数。eg. three women teachers 三名女教师 two
9、men doctors 两名男医生2.police n.集合名词,表示警察(总称),单复数同形。前面一般要用定冠词the,作主 语吋,谓语动词用复数形式。eg. The police are looking for the lost boy. 警察正在寻找那个丢失的男孩。3.job是可数名词,意为工作”;eg. My father has a job in a factory.我的父亲在一家工厂里有一份工作。work作名词,意为“工作”,是不可数名词;作动词,意为“工作”,是不及物动词。eg. He can,t find work/a job in the city.他在城里找不到工作。I h
10、ave a lot of work to do evry day. Jack works evry day.杰克每天工作。4.same adj.相同的pron.相同的(人/物)(1) same作形容词,意为相同的”,在句中作定语,常与定冠词the连用。eg.The shoes are the same size.这些鞋是相同的。same作代词意为“相同的(人/物)”。常用结构:the same as.和一样 eg. I think the same as you do about it.在这件事上,我的想法和你的一样。My birthday and hers are the same.我和她的
11、生日是同一天。二、 短语1.in front of 与 in the front of(1) in front of在(某物体范围外)的前面。eg. The school is in front of my home.学校在我家的前面。(2) in the front of在(某物体范围内)的前面。eg. The blackboard is in the front of my classrom.黑板在教室的前面。2.go to hospital去医院看病go to the hospital去医院(不一定是病人)be in hospital生病住院be in the hospital在医院里(
12、不一定是病人)三、 基本句型1.确认人物的句型:Is this your mum?这是你的妈妈么? Yes, she is./No, she isnt.是的,她是。不,她不是。 -Are these your parents?这是你的父母么? -Yes, they are. /No they arent.是的,他们是。/不,他们不是。2.询问某人是谁的句型:Whos the girl in red?穿红色衣服的女生是谁? She is my friend.她是我朋友。Who is the boy on the left?左边的男生是谁? He is my brothe匚他是我哥哥。3.表示位置
13、关系的句型:-My mum is on the left/on the right.我妈妈在左边/右边。Her husband sits next to her.她的丈夫在她旁边。fm in front of Li Lei.我在李磊的前面。4.询问某人职业的句型:Whats your father?/ Whats your fathers job?你父亲是干什么的?My father /He is a doctor.我的父亲是一名医生。What do you do?你是干什么的?Whats your sister?你姐姐是干什么的?5.表示某人职业的句型:-My father is a man
14、ager.我的父亲是一名经理。-Her mother is a nurse.她的妈妈是一名护士。Im a teacher.我是一名老师。四、 语法1 指示代词(1)this/these意为“这个;这些二 表示在时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。eg: This is my bike.这是我的自行车。These bikes are mine.这些自行车是我的。that /those意为“那个;那些,表示在吋间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物。eg: That is his book.那是他的书。Those books are his.那些书是他的。2.名词所有格(1)在名词后加“s”,(常用于有生命
15、的名词)。eg: These are Toms books.这些是汤姆的书。(2)在名词前加“of”(常用于无生命的名词)。eg: I like the colour of the desk.我喜欢这个桌子的颜色。! (a)以字母s结尾的单数名词或复数名词,在词尾直接加”,不加s.eg: This is Thomas room.这是托马斯的房间。These are the students,books.这些是学生们的书。(b)不以s结尾的复数名词,在词尾加s”。eg: Today is Childrens Day.今天是儿童节。(c)表示两者或两者以上共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后用所有格。但
16、表示两者或两者 以上分别拥有时,在名词后分别使用所有格。eg: This is Jim and Toms book.这是吉姆和汤姆共有的书。These are Jims and Toms desks.这些分別是吉姆和汤姆的书。(d)当心s”所有格和of所有格结构一起使用时,叫做“双重所有格”。其构成有两种形式: of +名词所有格 of +名词性物主代词eg: He is a friend of my fathers. 他是我爸爸的一个朋友。She is a friend of mine.她是我的一个朋友。(e)“s所有格后面常省略表示地点、场所的词。eg: He often goes to
17、his uncles. 他经常去他叔叔家。五、 知识拓展1.who 与 whomwho在句中一般做主语,有时在口语中,用作动词的宾语。whom在句中作宾语,口语中可与who替换,但在介词后面作宾语时,只能用whom。 eg. Who is your teacher?谁是你的老师?Whom/Who do you like best?你最喜欢谁?Whom are you looking for?你找谁?2.what, how引导感叹句的用法:(1) what修饰名词或代词,在句中作定语。What + a/an + adj. +单数名词+主语+谓语。eg. What a tall building
18、it is!它是一个多么高的楼啊!What + adj. +复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语。eg. What interesting stories they are.它们是多么有趣的故事啊!What nice weather it is.多么好的天气啊!(2)how修饰形容词和副词,在句中作状语。How + adj./adv. +主语+谓语。eg: How interesting the book is.这本书是多么有趣啊!How hard they are studying.他们正在多么努力地学习啊!3.表示方位的词归纳:behind在后而 beside在旁边 on the left (
19、 right) of.在 左(右)边next to在旁边,紧挨着 on the left在左边 on the right在右边Module 3 My School一、 单词1.furniture n.家具(总称),是不可数名词,无复数形式。eg.Ww have a lot of furniture in our house.我们家里有许多家具。2.a lot of许多,大量,相当于lofs of,即可修是可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。eg.There are a lot of/lots of books in his house.他家里有许多书。3.behind 与 after 辨析behind
20、表示方位,方向;after表示时间先后顺序。eg. Tom sits behind me.汤姆坐在我后血。The boys often play basketball after school.放学后男孩们经常打篮球。4.between 与 among 辨析一般说来among用于三者或三者以上的“在屮间”其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量 或具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词;而between主要指两者Z间,其宾语往往是表示两 者的名词或代词,或者是由and连接的两个人或物:eg. They hid themselves among the trees.他们躲在树林中。There was a fig
21、ht between the two boys.这两个孩子打过一次架。I* m usually free between Tuesday and Thursday.我通常在星期二与星期四Z间有空。5.before用作介词,表示在之前。后常接名词、代词、动名词。用作连词,引导时间状 语从句,表示“在之前”。eg.He often does his homework before 8 o clock.他经常在八点钟之前做他的作业。He often does his homework before he laeves the school.他经常在离开学校之前做作业。before 与 in fron
22、t of 的辨析两者都有“在之前”的意思,当表示“在某位置前”时,两者通用。当表示“某段时间 之前吋用before而不用in front of.eg. She sits before/in front of me in the class room.在教室里她坐在我前面.Please come to see me before Sunday.请在周口 之前來看我。二、 特殊句型1.There be句型,表示某处存在某人或某物。这个句型是倒装句,主语在系动词之后,系动 词be随主语的单复数而变化形式。当主语是并列的人或事物时,be的形式有第一个人或物的 单复数决定,即就近原则。(1)肯定句:Th
23、ere are thirty students in my classroom.我们般有 30 个学生。There is a student in the classroom.教室里有一个学生。There is a desk and some books in the room.房间里有一张桌子和一些书。(2)否定句:There be句型的否定句在be后加noteg: There isnt a student in the classroom.教室里没有学生。There arent any birds in the tree.树上没有鸟。(3)般疑问句:There be句型的一般疑问句把be提
24、前。Is there a book on the desk?桌子上有书吗? Yes,there is. /No,there isnt.是的,有。/不,没有。Are there any birds in the tree?树上有一些鸟吗? Yes,there are./No,there arent.是的,有/不,没有(4)特殊疑问句:There be句型,当主语是人时用who提问,是物时用what提问,是数量时 用how many,how much, how any后接町数名词复数形式,how much接不川数名词。Who is (there) in the classroom?谁在教室里?Wh
25、at is(there)on the desk? 桌子上有什么?How many books are there on the desk?桌子上有多少书?How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水?注:some用于肯定陈述句any用于否定陈述句和一般疑问句。Some也可用于期望对方正面 冋答或给出肯定回答的疑问句中。eg. There are some students in the classroom.教室里有一些学生。Are there any students in the classroom?教室里有一些学生吗?There arent a
26、ny students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。Would you like some tea?你想喝点茶吗?2.感叹句:感叹词what和how都表示“多么”的意思,但用法有区别。what修饰名词或代词, how修饰形容词和副词,常用句型有:(1)What+a/an+adj.4-可数名词单数+主语+谓语动词。(2)What+adj.+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语。 How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语。eg. What a good student he is!他是一名多么好的学生!What good students they are!他们是多么好的学生!Wh
27、at nice weather it is!天气是多么好啊!How hard they study!他们学习多么用功啊!How beautiful the girl is!这个女孩儿多么漂亮啊!注:感叹句是倒装句,主语和谓语动词位于句尾,口语中常省略。How big(it is)!他是多么 大啊!三、知识拓展1.when的用法:when用在特殊疑问句中用作特殊疑问词表示“什么时间”。eg.When do you go to school?你什么时候去上学?when在复合句中,用作关系副词,引导时间状语从句。eg.I want to be a teacher,when I grow up.当我长
28、大吋,我想成为一名教师。Module 4 Healthy Food一、单词1.food n.食物,食品 food当“食物,食品”讲时,通常为不可数名词,但指特定的种类时,为可数名词。常见短 语:junk food垃圾食品fast food快餐eg: He likes Chinese food vevy much.他非常喜欢中国食物。Bread is a good food.面包是一种 好食品。2.fruit n.水果fruil表示水果总称时,通常用单数形式,而表示水果种类时,用复数形式。eg: I like eating fruit.我喜欢吃水果。There are fruits on the
29、 table.桌子上有许多水果。3.chicken n.鸡肉;小鸡作“鸡肉”时,为不可数名词;作“小鸡”时,为可数名词。用法同fish.eg: I like chicken, but I dont like fish.我喜欢鸡肉,但不喜欢鱼肉。There are some chickens are under the tree.树下有几只小鸡。There are all kinds fishes in the river.河里有各种各样的鱼。4.healthy adj.健康的 反义词 unhealthy在句中作定语和表语。Eg: The children look very healthy.孩
30、子们看上去很健 康。She has an unhealthy baby.她有一个不健康的婴儿。5.bread n.面包(不可数)cake n.蛋糕(可数)a piece of bread 一片面包 a cake 一块蛋糕6.rememberremember sth.记起某事物remember to do记得去做某事remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事eg: Remember to buy me a cake.记得给我买个蛋糕。Remember seeing him somewhere.我记得曾经在某地看见过他。7.there be 与 have 辨析there be表示“某地
31、存在某人/某物”。其结构为“there be +名词+地点雹be动词的单复数 形式要随名词的单复数形式而变化,且遵循“就近原则雹eg: There are some apples on the tree.树上有一些苹果。There is an orange and two apples on the table.桌子上有一个桔子和两个苹果。have/ has (got)表示“某人拥有某物”。强调东西的归属。eg: He has (got) a dog.他有只狗。He hasnt (got) any mony.他没有多少钱。I dont have a watch.我没有手表。She doesnt have a watch, too.她也没有手表。8.many与much辨析 许多,大量many修饰可数名词,后接复数名词;mu
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