常用政治经济术语大全.docx

1、常用政治经济术语大全马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin Three Represents important Thought.新民主主义革命new-democratic revolution民族独立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people经济体制改革和政治体制改革reforms in the economic and political structure.

2、社会主义制度socialist system社会变革social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.中国共产党十一届三中全会The

3、Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central mittee of the munist Party of China.马克思主义政党Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体the collective leadership of the Party Central mittee of the first (secondthird)generation.人民民主专政the peoples democratic dictatorshipl国民经济体系national economic system.综合国力aggre

4、gate national strength.国内生产总值the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously

5、 enhance the creativity, rallying power and bat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。Three Represents shows that our Party must always represent therequirements of t

6、he development of Chinas advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of Chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a

7、 source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策Partys theory, line, program, principles and policies,工人阶级的先锋队the vanguard of the working class.生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑productive force,

8、 relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute.科学技术是第一生产力science and technology are the primary productive force.社会主义物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipl

9、ine.自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识self-reliance, petition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.依法治国和以德治国the rule of law and the rule of virtue.科教兴国战略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education.倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端

10、个人主义等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, bat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas.先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐be concern about the country and the people before anything else.全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for

11、the people.解放思想、实事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts.主观主义、形而上学subjectivism, metaphysics.主集中制、党内民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy.1. 把握大局 grasp the overall situation2. 摆脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty3. 本命年 ones year of birth considered in relation to

12、the 12 Terrestrial Branches4. 闭关政策 closed-door policy5. 薄利多销 small profits but quick returns; small profits and good sales6. 不正之风 bad (harmful) practice; unhealthy tendency7. 产权明晰、权责明确、政企分开、科学管理clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from admini

13、stration, and scientific management 8. 超前消费 pre-mature consumption; overconsuming; excessive consumption; 9. 重复建设 building redundant project; duplication of similar projects10. 粗放经营 extensive operation11. 大专文凭 associate degree12. 党风建设 construction of the Party conduct13. 党群关系 Party-masses relationsh

14、ip14. 海市蜃楼，镜花水月, 无稽之谈 a mares nest15. 合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people16. 统筹兼顾 make overall plans and take all factors into consideration; overall planning and all-round consideration17. 效率优先,兼顾公平 give priority to efficiency with due consideration to fairn

15、ess18. 依法治国 manage state affairs according to law; run state affairs according to law19. 以法治国，以德治国 to govern the country with law and moral20. 以人为本 people oriented; people foremost21. 以权谋私 abuse of power for personal gains22. 有法可依,有法必依,执法必严,违法必究 There must be laws to go by, the laws must be observed

16、 and strictly enforced, and lawbreakers must be prosecuted.23. 优势互补 (of two countries or panies) have plementary advantages24. 与时俱进 advance with the times25. 政府搭台，部门推动，企业唱戏 “Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprise put in the show26. 知识经济 knowledge economy , knowled

17、ge-base economy27. 职务发明 on-duty invention28. 抓住机遇,深化改革,扩大开放,促进发展,保持稳定 seize the current opportunity, deepen the reform, open China wider to the outside world, promote development and maintain stability29. 自主经营,自负盈亏 make ones own management decisions and take full responsibility for ones own profits

18、and losses 30. 综合国力 prehensive national strength31. 左右为难 between the devil and the deep blue sea; between the rock and the hard place32. 坐视不管 sit idle33. 阻碍司法 obstruction of justice34. 专门人才 professional personnel; special talents35. 支柱产业 pillar / cornerstone industry36. 职能转换 transformation of functi

19、ons37. 智力引进 recruit / introduce (foreign) talents38. 政治协商、民主监督、参政议政 exercise political consultation and democratic supervision and participate in deliberating and administration of state affairs39. 政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management40. 振兴中华 make China powerful and strong;

20、revitalize the Chinese nation41. 安居工程 housing project for low-ine urban residents 42. 信息化information-based; informationization 43. 知识经济knowledge economy44. 智力密集型Concentration of brain power, knowledge-intensive ； 45. 外资企业(包括港、澳、台资) Overseas-funded enterprises 46. 下岗laid-off workers 47. 分流Reposition

21、of redundant personnel 48. 拳头产品petitive products or knock-out products; blockbuster; core product 49. 减员增效Downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency 50. 三角债 Chain debts 51. 素质教育Education for all-round development 52. 法治国家 A country under the rule of law 53. 法制国家A state with an adeq

22、uate legal system 54. 赢得市场 Gain a larger share of the market; carve a niche in the market 55. 民族委员会 Ethnic affairs mission 56. 定向培训 Training for specific posts 57. 抓大放小To invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave mi

23、nor ones to fend for themselves 58. 使中国经济信息化 To base Chinas economy on information 59. 使中国经济走向世界 To make Chinas economy more petitive on the world market; to make China a more active economic player in the world 60. 使中国经济与国际接轨 To bring Chinas economy more in line with international practice 61. 实现小康

24、目标 To achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relatively fortable life 62. 社会生活 Social activities 63. 裙带经济 Crony economy 64. 主体经济 Principal sector of the economy; the main stay of the economy 65. 实体经济 The real economy 66. 制约 Check and supervision 67. 盲流和倒流人员 Jobless migrants from rural areas to ci

25、ties, influx from the countryside 68. “豆腐渣”工程 Jerry-built projects 69. 厂海 Go into business 70. 内耗 In-fighting 71. 大包干 a11-round responsibility system ； 1ump-sum appropriations operation 72. 练摊 To be a vendor (do business) 73. 隐形就业 Unregistered employment; veiled re-employment 74. 经济法制化 To manage eco

26、nomic affairs according to 1aw ； to put economic operation on a legal basis 75. 社会治安情况 1aw-and-order situation 76. 政策银行 Policy bank 77. 民族国家 nation stateDeepening reform and opening up 深化改革扩大开放 The theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics建设有中国特色的社会主义理论The theory on the initial stage

27、 of socialism 社会主义初级阶段的理论One focus, two basic points 一个中心，两个基本点Focus on economic construction 以经济建设为中心Adhere to the four cardinal principles 坚持四项基本原则Adhere to reforms and opening to the outside world 坚持改革开放Seizing the opportunity, deepening the reform, opening 抓住机遇，深化改革，wider to the rest of the worl

28、d, promoting development, maintaining stability扩大开放，促进发展，保持稳定Whether it would be beneficial to developing socialist productive forces是否有利于发展社会主义生产力 Whether it would be beneficial to enhancing the overall strength of the country是否有利于增强综合国力 Whether it would be beneficial to raising peoples living stan

29、dard是否有利于提高人民生活水平 Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay 以社会主义公有制为主体mon development of multi-economic sectors 多种经济成分共同发展Establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Deepening economic reform 深化经济改革Relationships among reform, development and stability 改革发展和稳定的关系Deepening of ref

30、orm and promotion of development 深化改革与促进发展Economic growth and social progress 经济增长与社会进步Strengthen the position of agriculture 加强农业的基础地位Science and technology are the primary productive forces 科学技术是第一生产力Strengthen the socialist legal system 加强社会主义法制A series of policies and measures 一系列政策措施Reform and

31、opening up policy 改革开放政策Reform measures 改革措施Speed up reform 加快改革Reform of economic system 经济体制改革Reform of state-owned enterprises 国有企业改革Strengthen the management of state-owned property 加强国有资产管理Reform of management of state-owned property 国有资产管理体制改革Reform of property rights system 产权制度改革Reform of modity circulation 商品流通体制改革Reform of foreign trade system 外贸体制改革Reform of personnel system 人事制度改革Reform of social s