雅思雅思阅读考题回顾汇总.docx

1、雅思雅思阅读考题回顾汇总雅思考试阅读考题回顾朗阁海外考试研究中心 王飞燕考试日期： 2013年8月29日 Reading Passage 1 Title: How To Spot A Liar Question types: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; Multiple Choice; Matching 文章内容回顾 关于如何辨别说谎 英文相关原文阅读 However much we may abhor it, deception comes naturally to all living things. Birds do it by feigning injury to le

2、ad hungry predators away from nesting young. Spider crabs do it by disguise: adorning themselves with strips of kelp and other debris, they pretend to be something they are not-and so escape their enemies. Nature amply rewards successful deceivers by allowing them to survive long enough to mate and

3、reproduce. So it may come as no surprise to learn that human beings-who, according to psychologist Gerald Jellison of the University of South California, are lied to about 200 times a day, roughly one untruth every five minutes-often deceive for exactly the same reasons: to save their own skins or t

4、o get something they cant get by other means. But knowing how to catch deceit can be just as important a survival skill as knowing how to tell a lie and get away with it. A person able to spot falsehood quickly is unlikely to be swindled by an unscrupulous business associate or hoodwinked by a devio

5、us spouse. Luckily, nature provides more than enough clues to trap dissemblers in their own tangled webs-if you know where to look. By closely observing facial expressions, body language and tone of voice, practically anyone can recognize the telltale signs of lying. Researchers are even programming

6、 computers-like those used on Lie Detector-to get at the truth by analyzing the same physical cues available to the naked eye and ear. With the proper training, many people can learn to reliably detect lies, says Paul Ekman, professor of psychology at the University of California, San Francisco, who

7、 has spent the past 15 years studying the secret art of deception. In order to know what kind of lies work best, successful liars need to accurately assess other peoples emotional states. Ekmans research shows that this same emotional intelligence is essential for good lie detectors, too. The emotio

8、nal state to watch out for is stress, the conflict most liars feel between the truth and what they actually say and do. Even high-tech lie detectors dont detect lies as such; they merely detect the physical cues of emotions, which may or may not correspond to what the person being tested is saying.

9、Polygraphs, for instance, measure respiration, heart rate and skin conductivity, which tend to increase when people are nervous-as they usually are when lying. Nervous people typically perspire, and the salts contained in perspiration conduct electricity. Thats why a sudden leap in skin conductivity

10、 indicates nervousness-about getting caught, perhaps?-which might, in turn, suggest that someone is being economical with the truth. On the other hand, it might also mean that the lights in the television studio are too hot-which is one reason polygraph tests are inadmissible in court. Good lie dete

11、ctors dont rely on a single sign, Ekman says, but interpret clusters of verbal and nonverbal clues that suggest someone might be lying. Those clues are written all over the face. Because the musculature of the face is directly connected to the areas of the brain that process emotion, the countenance

12、 can be a window to the soul. Neurological studies even suggest that genuine emotions travel different pathways through the brain than insincere ones. If a patient paralyzed by stroke on one side of the face, for example, is asked to smile deliberately, only the mobile side of the mouth is raised. B

13、ut tell that same person a funny joke, and the patient breaks into a full and spontaneous smile. Very few people-most notably, actors and politicians-are able to consciously control all of their facial expressions. Lies can often be caught when the liars true feelings briefly leak through the mask o

14、f deception. We dont think before we feel, Ekman says. Expressions tend to show up on the face before were even conscious of experiencing an emotion. One of the most difficult facial expressions to fake-or conceal, if it is genuinely felt-is sadness. When someone is truly sad, the forehead wrinkles

15、with grief and the inner corners of the eyebrows are pulled up. Fewer than 15% of the people Ekman tested were able to produce this eyebrow movement voluntarily. By contrast, the lowering of the eyebrows associated with an angry scowl can be replicated at will by almost everybody. If someone claims

16、they are sad and the inner corners of their eyebrows dont go up, Ekman says, the sadness is probably false. The smile, on the other hand, is one of the easiest facial expressions to counterfeit. It takes just two muscles-the zygomaticus major muscles that extend from the cheekbones to the corners of

17、 the lips-to produce a grin. But theres a catch. A genuine smile affects not only the corners of the lips but also the orbicularis oculi, the muscle around the eye that produces the distinctive crows-feet associated with people who laugh a lot. A counterfeit grin can be unmasked if the lip corners g

18、o up, the eyes crinkle but the inner corners of the eyebrows are not lowered, a movement controlled by the orbicularis oculi that is difficult to fake. The absence of lowered eyebrows is one reason why false smiles look so strained and stiff. 题型难度分析 相对简单 题型技巧分析 是非无判断题是雅思考试阅读的经典题型 首先应该注意看清是TRUE还是YES,

19、 本篇是TRUE/ FALSE/ NOT GIVEN 解题步骤： 1. 速读问题的句子，找出考点词（容易有问题的部分）。考点词：比较级，最高级，数据（时间），程度副词，特殊形容词，绝对化的词（only, most, each, any, every, the same as等） 2. 排除考点词，在余下的词中找定位词，去原文定位。 3. 重点考察考点词是否有提及，是否正确。 TRUE的原则是同义替换，至少有一组近义词。 FALSE是题目和原文截然相反，不可共存，通常有至少一组反义词。 NOT GIVEN是原文未提及，不做任何推断，尤其多考察题目的主语等名词在原文中是否有提及。 剑桥雅思推荐原文

20、练习 剑4 Test 1 Passage 1 剑5 Test 3 Passage 1 Reading Passage 2 Title: An Ancient City - Tritis Question types: Matching; Sentence Completion; Multiple Choices 文章内容回顾 古代的一个建筑，考古研究某遗址，对其城市发展建设、生活之类的发现说明。 英文相关原文阅读 Everybody knew about Lourdes Mary Cave, we can find it in France. And this Mary Cave became

21、 an inspiration to many countries and cities. Likewise when we visited Jogja. We found some Mary Caves too. One of them is Tritis Cave. This cave touted as The Most Exotic Mary Cave. Tritis Cave situated at Wonosari, southern of Jogja. Pricesly located at the hill of Mountains Seribu, Dusun Bulu, Ka

22、bupaten Gunung Kidul, Wonosari. To reach this place we take time about 1.5 hours or 50 kilometers from city center. Looks far and take a long time, hmmm. I dont think so. Because we can see beautiful landscape along the way. And we will not be bored. First, this cave named Tritis Singkil Cave. This

23、place known as ghostlike place because this cave is very quiet and far from peoples routine. So, many people used this place for hermitage. And then a child found this cave and he try to tell the church pastor. By local peoples this place used to celebrate Christmas Mass for local Catholic. After th

24、at the terrible impression of this cave gradually disappeared. Now this cave famous as Tritis Cave and many Catholics came here to praying. Usually many of them came to this place at May or October because both of this month known as month of Mary. Not easy to arrive this cave. From parking area we

25、need to take 2 kilometers for the distance by walking. Traversed by a winding road and the vehicle can not be skipped. On the way well find children or local people that give the direction so that we can reach the cave faster and safer. Before the visitor reach the cave usually they perform the cros

26、s road. There are 14 stations that must be passed first. Arriving at the Mount of Golgotha, we can see a situation similar to the original. There are three large cross where Jesus was crucified with Barnabas. Tritis word taken from Java language its mean water droplets. The water droplets at the cav

27、e cames from cave ceiling. This cave still looks natural and decorated with stalactite and stalagmite thats why it looks exotic. Many people interpret the water droplets with God blessing that down to the visitor. And the water became the symbol of human life what human existence should be accepted.

28、 That is the spirit of simplicity of Tritis Cave. Besides that the visitors belief that the water can heal various diseases. So after praying they take the water to some bottles and bring it home. Futhermore this water became a special blessing for residents around. Because surrounding natural condi

29、tion was barren and local people used it for daily necessities. 题型难度分析 Matching较难 题型技巧分析 Sentence Completion题型做题步骤： 1. 审题，看清楚字数要求，一般是NO MORE THAN TWO/THREE WORDS 2. 读题目，划出定位词，特殊优先。 3. 预测所填内容，比如所填内容为名词、动词，还是形容词，预测的越详细越好。 4. 根据定位词去文章中找答案。 剑桥雅思推荐原文练习 剑3 Test 4 Passage 1 Reading Passage 3 Title: Sunset

30、for the Oil Business Question types: TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN; Diagram; Matching 文章内容回顾 石油方面不同人的不同观点，关于石油产业走上坡路还是下坡路。 英文相关原文阅读 The world is about to run out of oil. Or perhaps not. It depends whom you believe IF YOU think OPEC ministers are a conspiratorial cabal, you ought to meet the Oil Depletion Ana

31、lysis Centre (ODAC). This colourful group is convinced that the world is perilously close to an oil shock induced by scarcity, not politics. Several dozen of its members got together recently in an auditorium at Imperial College, London, for a peculiar planning session. Leading lights of this moveme

32、nt, including Colin Campbell, a geologist and author of “The Coming Oil Crisis”, presented technical data that supported their grim prognosis. Various experts ridiculed rival analyses, done by Americas Geological Survey and the International Energy Agency (IEA), that contradicted their views. Dr Campbell even decried the “amazing display of ignorance, deliberate ignorance, denial and obfuscation” by governments, industry and academics on this topic. So is the oil re