中考英语定语从句的专项讲解+练习 4.docx

1、中考英语定语从句的专项讲解+练习 4中考英语-定语从句的专项讲解+练习定语专项讲解下面有八个短语，你能按照下面的要求完成任务吗？1. 划出八个短语中修饰名词的词，它们是什么呢？给它们分分类吧.我们所这些修饰名词的词，叫做定语；定语就是对名词进行修饰的。2. 你能把这些修饰名词的定语翻译出来吗？你觉得哪种最难翻译？ 答案不得而知了，除了前3个大家熟知会写，后5个觉得稍难，今天就来听听不一样的讲解呢。 我们来看下面的四组例子 A：他昨天买了书。He bought the book. B：他昨天买的书 the book that / which / / he bought A：那个学生会唱歌。Tha

2、t student can sing. B：那个会唱歌的学生 that student who/that can sing A: 人对音乐感兴趣。 The people are interested in music. B: 对音乐感兴趣的人 the people who/that are interested in music the people interested in music A: 学校离我们这不远。 The school is not far from here. B: 离我们这不远的学校 the school that/which is not far from here t

3、he school not far from here你发现了什么吗？A组例子，全是句子，要么是主谓宾，要么是主系表B组例子，全是带有修饰成分的名词短语，这些修饰成分有：从句，形容词短语，注意：当从句修饰名词时，我们这这一句子称之为“定语从句” 定语从句和名词之间，要添加适当的关系代词，那关系代词有哪些，怎么区分这些关系代词呢？人 + who / that / . + 主谓 名词 定语从句人 + who / that + 动宾 名词 定语从句物 + which / that / . + 主谓 名词 定语从句物 + which / that + 动宾 名词 定语从句通过在四组例子，有没有发现什么

4、容易掌握的规律呢？ 关系代词 that，既可以用于所修饰的名词是人的，也可以用于修饰的名词是物的； 关系代词 who, 用于所修饰的名词是人；关系代词which，用于所修饰的名词是物； 关系代词什么时候可以省略？当定语从句的结构是 “主语+谓语”时可以省略 这些技能你get到了吗？下面来小试身手吧。【真题集锦】33.“Underground”is the only word in the English language _begins and ends with the letters “und”. A. what B. that C. who D. whom33.Why dont you

5、like fishing? Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but Im not patient at all. A.who B. that C. it D. what32. Theaters may have a brighter future if they can provide a movie experience_people cannot get at home. A. that B. who C. whom D. what【摸底试题】34. This is the house _ we lived in last year. A.

6、which B. what C. where D. whom 32. No matter where we are, when the Spring Festival comes, the family are always the people _ we want to meet. A. which B. when C. what D. who答案：BBAAD【定语从句巩固训练】1.Do you know the man_is running along the street? Yes. He is our English teacher. A. who B. which C. whom D

7、./ 2.I like places _ its not cold in winter. A. / B. which C. where D. there 3. Shaolin Temple(少林寺) _lies(位于) in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A.where B.which C.who D.what 4.Barbara, where do you work?I work for a company _sells cars.A.which B.where C.what D.wh

8、o 5.Do you know Hong Zhanhui?Yes. Hes the college student _has moved Chinese people a lot. A.who B.which C.what D.whom 6.This is the city _ I visited 10 years ago. A.where B. / C. who D. why7.Im a sports fan. Im interested in everything _ is about the Olympics in Beijing. A. that B. who C. where D.

9、when8.Even teachers cant understand some expressions(常用语) _their students use in daily life. A.whose B.who C.that D.whom9.Mr.SmithwillpayavisittoBeijingthisautumn, _wewillenjoythe beautiful sights(风景). A.where B.when C.which D.what10.This is the dictionary _Mum gave me for my birthday. A.which B.wha

10、t C.when D.whom11.The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it? Yes,it has built many schools_those children can study happily. A.where B.when C.which D. what答案：1-5 ACBAA 6-10 BACAA 11.A二、英语书面表达专项训练2书面表达以“我是 的一员”为题，写一篇80-100字的短文，标点符号不占格。 提示：你可以作为任意兴趣小组或社团的一员，或者作为家庭、班级、社区的一员，写出你的经历、感受等。

11、 内容可以包括以下几方面：Are you glad to be a member of.?What do you do in it?How do you feel as such a member?Im a member of. (请将题目自行补充完整，已给的单词不计入总词数)_【答案】Im a Member of the Singing and Dancing ClubHello, everyone! Im very glad Im a member of the Singing and Dancing Club. I have been in this club for 2 years.

12、Im an actor in the club. Many students in our school have joined the club, so I also have made a lot of friends.We have many activities on campus.Each week,we have two times of training. I sing and dance with my classmates on weekends. Though I am very tired, but I am always happy when I dance.All t

13、he members in the club are just brothers and sisters. I like this club very much.【解析】【详解】这是一篇给材料作文。要求以“我是 的一员”为题，写一篇短文。首先考生需要把题目补充完整，然后根据所给出的材料提示，动笔写作。文章时态主要用一般现在时和现在完成时，人称主要用第一人称。在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、

14、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。【点睛】首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作，在写作过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳，自然流畅；同时注意语句要通顺，词汇书写无误，不要出现语法错误。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。3书面表达86.目前有不少历史剧在电视上热播.有人通过看历史剧来了解历史，有人选择读史书来了解历史，你选择哪种方法？理由是什么？请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文。方法理由看历史剧情节有趣、通俗易懂；读历史书资料真实、引人深

15、思；（你的选择）（你的理由）要求：（1）词数：80100个。（2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。（3）要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥。Many historical plays have been on TV recently._【答案】Many historical plays have been on TV recently. Some people like watching historical TV plays to know about history. They think they are interesting and easy 10 understand. Both the o

16、ld and the young will have a lot of fun watching them.Some other people think another way to learn about history is to read books on history. They believe books can tell them the true stories. They can learn and think a lot from them while reading.I like watching historical TV plays because they mak

17、e me relaxed and save me much time.【解析】【详解】这是一篇图表，要求介绍人们通过什么方式来了解历史。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用第一般现在时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。4书面表达根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。每年春节，每个孩子都能收到来自长辈的压岁钱（lucky money）。随着生活水平的提高，大部分孩子得到越来越多的压岁钱，有些甚至通过微信(W

18、eChat)或支付宝(Alipay)收压岁钱。同学们该如何管理自己的钱，让自己的钱用得更有意义？请结合自己的实际写一篇文章，词数 80 词以上，文中不能出现真实校名和人名。内容包括如下：1. 你的压岁钱的来源和用途；2. 对合理使用压岁钱的建议（至少 3 点）；3. 呼吁大家节约用钱，把自己的压岁钱用在最需要、最有意义的地方。【答案】Every Spring Festival I receive a lot of lucky money from my parents and relatives. Now I even get it through WeChat or Alipay. I us

19、ually buy some of my favorite books, school things and some fancy clothes. Sometimes I also buy some gifts for my parents.In order to make good use of the lucky money, I think we can do the following things. First, we should save part of the money for our study instead of wasting it on video games.

20、Second, it is a good idea to buy something useful for our parents or teachers so that we can show our love to them. What is more, why not donate our lucky money to the poor kids in need? Helping others makes us happy.All in all, let us manage our lucky money properly. We should use our money in a me

21、aningful way.【解析】【详解】每年春节，每个孩子都能收到来自长辈的压岁钱（luckymoney）。随着生活水平的提高，大部分孩子得到越来越多的压岁钱，有些甚至通过微信(WeChat)或支付宝(Alipay)收压岁钱。同学们该如何管理自己的钱，让自己的钱用得更有意义？这是一篇给材料作文，本题所给材料比较详细，写作中注意将所给内容表达出来，不能逐字翻译。通过阅读材料可知这篇短文主要使用的人称就是第一人称，时态为一般现在时态，注意谓语动词的变化。动笔前可以按照材料内容列出简单提纲，写作中注意语义通顺，符合逻辑关系。上下文之间可以适当使用连接词。【点睛】文章使用了很好的短语和句子：In o

22、rder to make good use of the lucky money, I think we can do the following things. First, we should save part of the money for our study instead of wasting it on video games.这些给文章增色不少。5书面表达常州市政府发文，从2019年2月1日起，市区禁止燃放烟花爆竹。你们班级的同学们就春节是否能燃放烟花进行了讨论。请根据表格所提供的信息,给市长写一封信介绍大家的观点，同时谈谈自己的想法。注意： 1. 所写内容必须包括表格中的信

23、息，并适当发挥；2. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称；3. 表达，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范；4. 词数不少于90。文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。AGREEDISAGREE原 因1减少空气和噪音污染，保护环境2可能引起安全问题。如，火灾3(发挥至少一点)1千百年来已经习惯燃放烟花2没有烟花，过春节更无趣3你的观点(自拟至少两个观点)Dear Major,We have had a discussion about whether to let off fireworks at Spring Festival. All the students in our class give t

24、he ideas. 【答案】Most of the students dont agree to let off fireworks at Spring Festival. They think fireworks produce so much smoke that it can cause serious air pollution. Whats more, people like letting them off at midnight, it is always so noisy outside that many people cant sleep well. Also, it ma

25、y cause big fire if people arent careful enough. Some children like playing with fireworks, so its dangerous for their eyes. If we dont let off fireworks, cleaners dont need to clean up so much rubbish everywhere.On the other hand, some students dont agree. They think Chinese people have been used t

26、o letting off fireworks since hundreds years ago. Moreover, Chinese traditional culture is missing. We should protect it. People will feel less interested than before without fireworks.I think we should follow the rule because good environment is more important than anything else. Protecting environ

27、ment is protecting ourselves.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文。常州市政府发文，从2019年2月1日起，市区禁止燃放烟花爆竹。你们班级的同学们就春节是否能燃放烟花进行了讨论。请根据表格所提供的信息,给市长写一封信介绍大家的观点，同时谈谈自己的想法。时态主要为一般现在时。人称主要为第三人称和第一人称。仔细阅读所给材料，认真审题，确定主题，根据主题和所给要点列出提纲，所写内容必须包括表格中的信息，可适当发挥，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范。尽量使用高分句型。要运用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有连贯性。根据提示要点，列出本文的写作提纲。写完以后，注意再读一遍，看看有无单词

28、拼写、标点、语法错误（时态、主谓一致等）。本文提纲： 大多数学生不同意在春节放烟花。他们认为烟花产生的烟太多，会造成严重的空气污染。更重要的是，人们喜欢在午夜放假，外面总是那么吵，很多人睡不好觉。另外，如果人们不够小心，可能会引起大火。有些孩子喜欢玩烟花，这对他们的眼睛很危险。如果我们不放烟花，清洁工就不需要到处清理那么多垃圾。 另一方面，有些学生不同意。他们认为中国人几百年前就习惯放烟花了。此外，中国传统文化也缺失了。我们应该保护它。如果没有烟花，人们会比以前更不感兴趣。 我认为我们应该遵守这条规则，因为良好的环境比其他任何东西都重要。保护环境就是保护我们自己。【点睛】本文思路清晰，时态运用

29、要正确，叙述清楚条里，层次分明，所用句式句型比较高级，像If we dont let off fireworks, cleaners dont need to clean up so much rubbish everywhere./ They think Chinese people have been used to letting off fireworks since hundreds years ago. / I think we should follow the rule because good environment is more important than anythi

30、ng else.。书面表达题要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和高分句式，语言要规范，信息表达清晰、完整，意思连贯。要学以致用。注意书写的规范：大小写、标点符号等的正确运用。注意检查：单词拼写、语法、动词时态、语序、主谓一致等。6假如你是李雷，你的英国笔友David发邮件向你咨询如何学好汉语。请根据提示和要求用英语给David回复邮件。要求：1.除上图所给提示外，再写出两条如何学好汉语的建议；2.文中不能出现真实的人名和校名；3.字数80词左右。邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear David,Im glad to receive your email. Heres some advice on how to learn Chinese well. Bes