中考英语语法之状语从句讲解及练习.docx

1、中考英语语法之状语从句讲解及练习专题五 状语从句概念：状语从句在句中作状语分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式。一、 时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when, as, while, until, notuntil, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first) time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1 when , while, as 都可解释为“当的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1) When Eg: When I arrived home ,

2、I had a little rest.注意：when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.2) AsAs 除了表示“当的时候”，还可表示为“一面一面”，“随着”Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面一面) You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)3) While表示“当的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词

3、。Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.注意：while 还有 “然而”的意思。eg: I prefer black tea, while he likes coffee.2 until, notuntil “直到才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句：I waited until midnight.否定句：I did not leave until midnight.注意

4、：1）not until在句首，主句用倒装eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.2) It is not untilthat引导的强调句It was not until it was dark that he came back.3. the minute, the moment, each time 表示“一就”eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.4. hardly/scarcelywhen, no soone

5、rthan, as soon as表示为“一就”eg: I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain. It began to rain as soon as I got home.注意：hardly/scarcelywhen, no soonerthan位于句首，主句用倒装eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home t

6、han it began to rain.5. By the time + 状从（过去时），主句（过去完成时）By the time + 状从 （现在时），主句（将来完成时）By the time she came back, all the guest had left.By the time the class is over, we will have finished learning the whole passage.练习题1. It was quiet _ those big trucks started coming through the town.A. before B.

7、after C. until D. unless2. It seemed only seconds _ the boy finished washing his face.A. when B. before C. after D. even if3. Hardly had he reached the school gate _ the bell rang.A. while B. when C. as D. as soon as4.We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway

8、station.A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever5. I recognized you _ I saw you at the airport.A. the moment B. while C. after D. once6. He was about to go to bed _ the doorbell rang.A. while B. as C. before D. when7._I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.A. Every time B. When C. While D. Unt

9、il8. _ John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.A. As B. As soon as C. While D. Till9. The children ran away from the orchard(果园) _ they saw the guard.A. the moment B. after C. before D. as10. No sooner had I arrived home _ it began to rain.A. when B. while C. as D. than11. Several weeks had gone

10、by _ I realized the painting was missing.A. as B. before C. since D. when12. It _ long before we _ the result of the experiment.A. will not be; will know B. is; will know C. will not be ; know D. is; know13. What was the party like? -Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A. after B. before

11、 C. when D. since14. The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.A. will arrive B. arrives C. is going to arrive D. is arriving15. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang.A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; then D. Not had he; when二. 条件状语从句1. 概念：条

12、件状语从句，即在某种条件下，一件事情可能发生。2.条件状语从句的引导词1).If If you ask him，he will help you If you fail in the exam，you will let him down2).unless （if .not.）You will fail to arrive there in time unless you start earlier.Unless it rains, the game will be played.3).so/as long as You may borrow my book as long as you kee

13、p it clean. 4) provided/providing (that), on condition thatI shall give you the book on condition that you return it tomorrow.I will go provided that you go too.3关于条件句的时态，常见的有以下三种情况： 1、主将从现When I grow up, Ill be a nurse and look after patients. 2、如果主句是祈使句，那么从句通常要用一般现在时。 If you want to have a chat ,c

14、all me up.3、如果主句是含有情态动词时，根据需要从句多用一般现在时。You should be quiet when you are in the reading room. 练习题1. If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before,

15、finishes.3. What will father bring us, _he comes from China.A. if B.when C. as long as D.untill 4. If Wang Fang _me, _me at once.A. need,tell B.needs,telling C.need,telling D.needs,tell5I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks6

16、. What are you going to do tomorrow?-Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain7.Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?-Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the

17、 old folks home visit?A. go B. went C.going D. will go9. _I eat much food, Ill be very fat.A. Although B. if C. while D. because10. Ill not give the book to him_ he will come here next Sunday.A. if B. as long as C. though D. unless11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to have

18、 B. will have C. is going to be D. has12. Could you tell us where _？A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the next Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held13. When my mother returned last night, I _ a book. A. read B. am reading C. wa

19、s reading D. am going to read14.What _ you _ when it began to rain?A. do, do B. were, doing C. are, doing D. did, do15. Ill wake you up when he _back.A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come三让步状语从句1.概念：一般翻译为“尽管即使”就是我们日常生活中用的“退一步说”的感觉。2.引导让步状语从句的连词有：though, although, even if/ though, however, no

20、matter how, no matter what, no matter who等。（1）though, although表示“虽然，纵然”之意。这两个连词意思大致相同，在一般情况下可以互换使用，都可与yet, still或nevertheless连用，但不能与but连用。Although/Though he was worn out, (still) he kept on working.Although/Though he is very old, (yet) he is quite strong. 注意：though引导的让步状语从句还可位于主句主句之后。She passed the

21、examination though she had not studied very hard. （2）as 表示“虽然但是”，“纵使”之意。as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现，though间或也用于这样的结构中，但although不可以这样用。Object as/ though you may, Ill go.(=Though/Although you may object, Ill go.) Hard as/ though he works, he makes little progress. (=Though he works hard, he makes little p

22、rogress.)Child as/though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.（=Though he was a child, he knew what was the right thing to do.）（3）even if, even though 表示“即使”，“纵使”之意。意思基本相同,常可互换使用，但意义有细微差别。even if引导的让步从句含有强烈的假定性，而even though引导让步状语从句时，是以从句的内容为先决条件的。Well make a trip even if/though the weather

23、 is bad.Even if he is poor, she loves him. (=He may be poor, yet she loves him.)Even though he is poor, she loves him. (=He is poor, yet she loves him.)（4）whether.or.表示“不论是否”，“不管是还是”之意。Youll have to attend the ceremony whether youre free or busy.Whether you believe it or not, its true.（5）“no matter+

24、疑问词”或“疑问词-ever” 为“都；不管都”，No matter what happened, he would not mind. (=Whatever happened, he would not mind.)No matter who you are, you must keep the law.(=Whoever you are, you must keep the law.注意： “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句。Whatever (=No matter what) you say, I wont believe

25、you.Ill eat whatever (no matter what) you give me. 练习题1 The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _the season.A whatever B wherever C whenever D however2 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _they knew it to be valuable.A as if B now that C even though D so that3 _I really dont lik

26、e art, I find his work impressive.A As B Since C If D While4 _he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.A Since B Unless C As D Although5 _I have some sympathy for them, I dont think they are right to do so.A As B If C While D When6 _the Customs Office, he will have

27、to declare this sort of things he carries with him to the Customs Officer.A No matter who will come through B who come through C No matter whom comes through D Whoever comes through7 What a tight volleyball game! We lost it _we all tried our best.A because B though C until D unless8 This is a very i

28、nteresting book .Ill buy it , _.A how much may it cost B no matter how it may costC however much it may cost D how may it cost9 All people, _they are old or young, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.A even if B whether C no matter D however10 Allow chi

29、ldren the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own.A until B even if C unless D as though11 _well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.A However B Whatever C No matter D Although12 _hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish off this loaf of

30、 bread.A Whatever B Whenever C Wherever D However13 _the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.A If B While C Because D As14 _you decide to spend your holidays, one thing is certain, you will get to your destination, fresh and safe.A Whatever B Whoever C Wherever D Whichever15 _, I could not memorize the text.A However hard did I try B However had I tried