新视野大学英语第三版第二册课文语法讲解Unit3.docx

1、新视野大学英语第三版第二册课文语法讲解Unit3新视野三版 读写 B2 U3 Text AJourney through the odyssey years1 Most of us know about the phases of life which we label to parallel different age groups and life stages: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age. We think of infancy before childhood and middle age before old age

2、, with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges. These challenges can be overcome by acquainting ourselves with them, such as the childs need to learn, the adults need to find the right career and build a family, and the seniors need for support and good health care.2 Interestin

3、gly, ideas about the stages of life are changing.3 In previous times, people didnt have a solid idea of childhood as being separate from adulthood. A hundred years ago, no one thought of adolescence. Until recently it was understood as a norm that their induction to adulthood was completed as soon a

4、s they graduated from college. They would now find a sensible job which would lead to a career. Then during this career they would start a family, ideal y before they turned 30.4 Today we have an equivalent need to recognize a new phase of life that comes after high school graduation, continues thro

5、ugh college, and then leads to starting a family and having a career, the so-cal ed odyssey years. Recent trends show radical changes as young people are fol owing a different agenda. They take breaks from school, live with friends and often return to living with their parents. Similarly, they fall

6、in and out of love, quit one job and try another or even shift to a new career. So, we need to recognize this new stage, the odyssey years, which many now consider to be an unavoidable stage in reaching adulthood.5 People who were born prior to the 60s or 70s in the last century tended to frame thei

7、r concept of adulthood based upon achieving certain accomplishments: moving away from home, becoming financial y independent, finding the right spouse and starting a family. But that emphasis on stability did not remain static. Today, young people are unlikely to do the same. During the odyssey year

8、s, a high proportion of young people are delaying marriage, child bearing, and even employment.6 The odyssey years can saddle young people with enormous pressure to move forward quickly. As the sole heir and focus of their parents expectations, hopes and dreams, some react with rebellious and pridef

9、ul attitudes andbehavior toward their pare nts. They ofte n rese nt the pressure theyre feeli ng and keep a dista nee from their pare nts or eve n run away from home. Their con fusi on comes from the difficulties to make pare nts un dersta nd them and the fluid journey of discovery they n eed in thi

10、s phase of their lives. To get away from this con fusi on and upset, many young people resort to computer games, iPods，iPhones，.or jP.ads, lo. he, distract them .from. they. pn. and stress. 7 Likewise, their parents are feeling more anxious. They may make allowa nces for a tran siti on phase from st

11、ude nt life to adult life, but they get upset when they see the transition of their grown childrens lives moving away from their expectati ons and stretch ing five years to seve n years, and bey ond. The pare nts dont eve n detect a clear sense of directi on in their childre ns lives. They look at t

12、hem and see the things that are being delayed.8 Its hard to predict whats n ext. New guideli nes have nt bee n established yet, and everyth ing seems to give way to a less perma nent vers ion ofitself. Theres been a shift in the status and balance of power between the gen ders, too. More wome n are

13、gett ing degrees tha n men. Male wages have rema ined stable over the past decades, while female wages have boomed.9 Apart from anything else, this has had an implicit effect on courtship. Educated wome n can get many of the things they want, such as security, accomplishme nt, and ide ntity without

14、marriage. However, both genders are having a harder time finding suitable mates to build their lives with. Considering all of this, its beneficial to know that even though graduates are delay ing many things after college, surveys show they still hold highly traditi onal aspirati ons. For example, t

15、his con temporary gen erati on rates pare nthood eve n more highly tha n previous gen eratio ns did!10 This new phase will likely grow more pronounced in the comingyears. Nations around the world have witnessed similar trends toward delaying marriage and spe nding more years tha n ever shift ing bet

16、wee n higher educati on and settli ng dow n with a career and family.11 Nevertheless, graduates should nt be deceived into thinking they can back off simply because things have become more difficult. A large nu mber of people chas ing relatively fewer opport un ities can create stro ng competitive p

17、ressure. So, from the outset, keep your resume professi onal and up-to-date.12 To rein force this esse ntial message, success moving through the odyssey years will come to those who dont expect to achieve their goals right away but know that they must have the stre ngth, capacity and con fide nce to

18、 en dure over the long term. If youre a little late with your goals, dont feel like a failure! Stay strong, be positive, and keep focused! Someday you will look back and wonder at the vast changes as you passed through the odyssey years.Language Points:1 Most of us know about the phases of life whic

19、h we label to parallel different age groups and life stages:childhood, adolescence,adulthood, and old age. （Para. 1）Meaning: Most of us know about the different life stages that we describe according to different age groups: childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age.2 We think of infancy before

20、 childhood and middle age before old age, with each unique phase bringing its own peculiar set of challenges. （Para. 1） Meaning: We sequence the life stages of infancy, childhood, middle age and old age according to their natural order, with each particular life stage facing its own featured challen

21、ges.Sentence structure note:“ withb名词/代词+现在分词”作独立主格结构“ wit+名词/代词+现在分词”构成独立主格结构，主要用作状语，可以表示 伴随、方式、原因、时间等。with之后的名词和其后的现在分词构成主谓关系，其中现在分词表示主动或 正在进行的动作。例如：*She sat down at the table, with each dish emitting a delicious smell . 她在餐桌旁坐了下来， 每道菜都散发出扑鼻的香味。 （状语表示伴随）*The girl sat there quite silent with her ey

22、es fixing on the wall. 女孩坐在那里一言不发，目 不转睛地盯着墙壁。 （状语表示方式）*With our food running out, we had to walk to a vil age for help. 由于我们的食物即将吃完，我们不得不步行到一个村子寻求帮助。 （状语表示原因） *With summer coming, it is becoming hotter and hotter. 随着夏季来临，天气变得越来越热。 （状语表示时间） Usage note:peculiar, characteristic, unusual peculiar, chara

23、cteristic 和 unusual 都可用作形容词，都含有表示 “有特点的； 有特色的 ”等意思，但有细微差别。*1 从词义上说， peculiar 着重“独特性”， 强调“与众不同的”特征； characteristic常强调所指性质的典型性，也可以表示这些性质使某一事物区别 于其他的事物； unusual 强调 “少见的 ”，与通常的情况 “截然不同的 ”或“未曾预料的 ”特征。例如：*The wine has a peculiar taste. 这种酒有种独特的味道。*It s characteristic of her that she never complained. 从来不发

24、牢骚是她的个性。*It was not unusual for me to come home at two or three in the morning. 凌 晨 两 三点回家对我来说是很平常的事。2 从用法上说 ， peculiar 通常和介词 to 搭配，表示 “为某人或某物所特有 ”； characteristic通常和介词 of搭配，表示 某物或某人有 特性、特征、特 色” unusual通常和介词for搭配，表示 对不同寻常”例如：*Great minds in general look at life in a way peculiar to themselves. 一 般 来

25、 说 ， 伟大的思想家都以自己独特的眼光来看待生活。With the friendly and generous care so characteristic of these people, they opened their house to over 50 guests. 这些人以特有的友好和慷慨关爱，在家接待了 50 多位客人。It s not u n u s ufaol r teenagers to go through a phase when they feel ashamed of their parents, afraid that they might not live u

26、p to their friends 青 少 年经历为自己的父母感到羞愧的阶段是很平常的，他们生怕自己的父母达不到 他们朋友所设的标准。He asked me if there was anything unusual about the man who had robbed me, but I could nt accurately describe the ma n他问我那个抢劫了我的男人是否有什么 不寻常之处，但我不能准确地描述那个男子。3 These challenges can be overcome by acquainting ourselves with them, suc a

27、s the child s need to learn, the adult s need to find the right care a family, and the senior s need for support and good health care. (Para. 1 Meaning: By familiarizing ourselves with the particular challenges such as the needs for different age groups: child, adult, and senior, we can surely overc

28、ome all these challenges.Meaning beyond words: If we stay positive and optimistic, welsuccessful y handle the challenges at different life stages.4 Interestingly, ideas about the stages of life are changing. (Para. 2)Meaning beyond words: Since the sentence states that the ideas about life stages ar

29、e changing, it s predictable that the fol owing textfowciulls on this topic.5 In previous times, people didn ht ave a solid idea of childhood as being separate from adulthood. A hundred years ago, no one thought of adolescenc (Para. 3)Meaning: In the past, people didn htave a clear concept about sep

30、arating childhood from adulthood. Children were simply seen as youngsters. Likewise, people didn t think abthoeutlife stage of adolescence a hundred years ago.6 Until recently it was understood as a norm that their induction to adulthood was completed as soon as they graduated from college. They wou

31、ld now find sensible job which would lead to a career. (Para. 3)Meaning: People used to consider it normal: As soon as students graduated from college,they would become part of the adult community and find a practical and reliable job toward a career.Meaning beyond words: Things are no longer the sa

32、me as they were in the past.College graduates won t find an ideal job right after they graduate from schoo take longer time before they start with their career.Usage note:sensible, sensitive1. sensible 表示 明智的”，女口： a sensible person (个明智的人),a sensible plan (个切合实际的计划)。A sensible person makes good decisions and adjustments based on reason rather than emotion.一个明智的人会根据理智而不是情感来做出合理的决定和判断。*sensible还可以表示 知道的；觉察的”，be sensible of 表示 感知某事； 察觉到某事 ”。例如：*I am sensible of the suffering you are undergoing. 我清楚你正在经历的痛 苦。2. sensitive 在词义上表示 “敏感的；易受