喀斯特地貌和丹霞地貌的区别.docx

1、喀斯特地貌和丹霞地貌的区别 喀斯特地貌和丹霞地貌的区别 喀斯特地貌和丹霞地貌的区别 The difference between the two: 1. from the appearance, the landscape of Danxia is red. And the landscape of Karst is white! 2., the development of parent material is not the same, Danxia landform developed in red gravel rock, so red, and Karst landform deve

2、lopment in limestone, so appear white. 3. Chinas Hunan Zhangjiajie is the famous Danxia landform, Yunnan Jiuxiang Shilin is the famous Karst landform! 1. Danxia landscape: Fangshan, Chibi Qifeng, caves and other special landform of red rock in the external force under the action of a development. Rh

3、yolite landforms landscape, rhyolite landforms for acidic volcanic rocks caused by condensation, after weathering, with rhyolitic structure, landform landscape rich and vivid, viewing from different angles, different time, often showing a different shape. 2. Karst landform landscape: carbonate rock

4、(mainly limestone) mainly soluble rock in the water based interaction between the internal and external forces. Limestone weathering is mainly water erosion, ground limestone dissolution, Feng Ling, Gufeng formation peak, the formation of underground limestone dissolution cave, limestone dissolution

5、 after erosion remaining part of the formation of Taihu stone, water stone 1. Danxia landform is a kind of landform named after Mount Danxia in the 30s of last century. Danxia the rock formation is a sedimentary basin in the inland red clastic rocks, later crustal uplift, the rock was cut water eros

6、ion, slope failure in the course of the main and back, the preserved rock block constitutes a red mountain. The Danxia landform belongs to the red bed landform. The so-called red bed refers to the red rock series formed during the Mesozoic Jurassic to Cenozoic third periods, which is generally calle

7、d the red sand conglomerate. Now the thick and thin sedimentary bedding can be seen on the cliff, and the coarse rock formations are called conglomerates, and the fine and uniform strata are called sandstones. The most prominent point of Danxia landform is Chibi Red Cliff is widely developed, landfo

8、rm formed a flat top, steep slope and slow foothill mountain, stone walls, pillars, Shi Feng Qi insurance, with the red red cliff is a kind of characteristic of landform in the world is composed of red gravel, is named for Guangdong province Renhua county, Mount Danxia, this is the Danxia. It is mai

9、nly distributed in the central and western United States, China, Australia and other places in China, the most widely distributed, among which the Mount Danxia area is the largest and most typical development, types of the most complete, the most abundant and most beautiful form. After comparing the

10、 Danxia landform at home and abroad, Ceng Zhaoxuan, a famous geographer in China, thinks that Mount Danxia is China first and the world is the first in terms of scale and scenery. Danxia landform is a kind of landform named in 30s of last century. Danxia the rock formation is a sedimentary basin in

11、the inland red clastic rocks, later crustal uplift, the rock was cut water erosion, slope failure in the course of the main and back, the preserved rock block constitutes a red mountain. The Danxia landform belongs to the red bed landform, which is the red rock series formed during the Mesozoic Jura

12、ssic to Cenozoic third periods, which is generally called red sand conglomerate. Now the thick and thin sedimentary bedding can be seen on the cliff, and the coarse rock formations are called conglomerates, and the fine and uniform strata are called sandstones. The most prominent point of Danxia lan

13、dform is Chibi Red Cliff is widely developed, landform formed a flat top, steep slope and slow foothill mountain, stone, Shi Feng, pillars and other odd risk, different rocks form a high ornamental value of landscape, is worthy of the name red stone park. 2. Karst landform In the distribution area o

14、f soluble rock (mainly limestone), the surface and subsurface landforms formed by the action of Karst are collectively called Karst landform. Karst is the place name of limestone plateau in the northwest of Yugoslavia, where a variety of peculiar limestone dissolution landforms are developed. I Coun

15、try of Karst landform research has a long history, as early as 2019 years ago, The Classic of the Great Wilderness in underground records. More than 300 years ago, Ming Dynasty geographer Xu Xiake (1586 - 1641) examined more than 100 caves in limestone areas of Guangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan, to Karst

16、The characteristics and causes of landforms are described in classification. His monumental work, Xu Xiakes travels, is known as the classic works of Karst. Karst landform can be divided into two basic types: surface and underground. The common ground of Karst landform: melting groove, stone bud, st

17、one forest, sinkholes, funnel, karst depression and Karst basin, dry valley, valley, peak cluster, peaks and butte in different forms. Under the condition of warm and humid climate, surface water flows along the limestone ground and dissolves along the joints and fissures to form a wide and shallow

18、dissolution groove called dissolution channel. Dissolution ditch generally wide from more than ten centimeters to a few meters, depth of more than 1 meters, length is not equal, between the gully between the ridge, column called stone bud. Clint height ranging from tens of centimeters to several met

19、ers. In addition to exposing the ground, the stone bud is buried in the ground and is eroded by the infiltration of groundwater. In the thick limestone in the high stone bud, in which there are parallel vertical dissolution ditch, ditch deep slope, similar to the forest, named stone forest, such as

20、Lunan Stone Forest in Yunnan, china. The surface water is corroded vertically and downwards along the fissure of the rock stratum, and the collapse occurs, and becomes the vertical channel of the surface water flowing to the underground river or the underground karst cave, called the sinkhole. Accor

21、ding to their morphological characteristics, they can be divided into fissure shaped sinkholes, shaft shaped sinkholes and funnel shaped sinkholes. Fig. 1 the diameter of the tunnel is 7 to 10 meters, the depth is about 10 - 30 meters, and the depth is more than 100 meters. In the dissolution of lim

22、estone surface can often see a planar contour round or oval, tens of meters in diameter and several to tens of meters deep funnel-shaped pit, called the funnel. The lower funnel often leads to the underground, and the surface water flows down the pipe, such as the channel is blocked by clay gravel,

23、and the water is often accumulated into the pool. According to its causes, it can be divided into dissolution funnel, subsidence funnel and collapse funnel. Funnel is the product of early development of Karst. It is the result of vertical circulation of groundwater in Karst, so the funnel is mostly

24、distributed on the surface of Karst landform. For example, on the mountain plane of Yichang, the funnel is very developed, and there are many negative terrains, such as sinkholes and erosion depressions, with an average of more than 30 square kilometers per square kilometer. The further enlargement

25、of dissolution of the funnel becomes a depression of dissolution. If you are at the bottom of karst depressions and other laterite weathering cover, the bottom of the funnel, sinkholes water channels blocked, water into Lake Karst. The flat bottom of the erosion depression is flat, and its diameter

26、is more than 100 meters, even up to 1 - 2 kilometers. The dissolution depression is further extended to form a wide flat basin with a width of hundreds of meters to several kilometers and a length of tens of kilometers, called the Karst basin. Yugoslavia scholar J. was the earliest known our this te

27、rrain vertical valley slope, intended for arable ground, is now a general term international. The slopes of the basin are steep and flat at the bottom, often covered with residual brown clay, red clay and fluvial deposits. Some haystack Butte, and often peaks stands at the edge of the basin or arran

28、ged in the valley on both sides, the famous Guilin Scenery is the unique Karst landscape. In limestone areas, rivers often seep along fissures and holes, leaving the riverbed without water and becoming dry valleys. Sometimes the river from a steep ridge cave gushing out of the ground, from the groun

29、d, after a stream from the sinkhole into the ground and then the downstream closed valley called underground river valley, known as the river, such as Guiyang City, southwest of the Red River tributary of the Lianshui River, the surface is hidden when repeated, subterranean stream. On the edge of th

30、e Karst basin are widely developed mainly by the peak forest landform, peak, peak, and karst Butte, many of them in the development of more pure rock and large thickness and multi joint, fault area. The peak cluster is mainly developed in the carbonate rock mountain or plateau edge area. Its charact

31、eristics are that the base is connected and the peak is steep, which is the early stage of the development of the peak forest landform. When the further development of Karst landform, forming a steep mountain, the base isolated Yuanwang lineup, called hoodoos, Guilin, Yangshuo and other places in Gu

32、angxi are typical representatives. The late stage of Karst development, most peaks have been dissolved into monadnock ground, only a few relatively high peaks of sporadic isolated stands in the plain, known as the Butte, relative height of up to 50 - 100 meters, such as the Guilin Duxiu Peak and Fu

33、Boyan. In limestone area, the Karst landform below the surface is very complex, mainly including karst cave and underground river. The underground cavern, called karst cave, is formed by the dissolution of groundwater along the level of soluble rock layer, joint and fault fissure. The groundwater in the rocks along the narrow gap flow is slow, very slow dissolution, with the cracks expand, a