初中语法形容词副词专题.docx

1、初中语法形容词副词专题形容词副词专题【知识梳理】 一形容词主要放在名词前面修饰名词或放在不定代词后面修饰不定代词。如：a beautiful country, something important注意以下几点：1. 有些形容词不能修饰名词。如： alive活着的，asleep睡着的，alone单独的， 醒着的， 害怕的， 生病的2. 以-ing结尾的形容词一般修饰表示事物的名词，主语通常为物；以-ed结尾的形容词多指人对事物的感受，主语一般是人。例如： This is an (有趣的) book. We are (感兴趣的) in it.3. 作宾语补足语。如：make me strong,

2、 keep the door (关闭着)4. 某些形容词前加the，表示“一类人”或“民族”，表示复数。如： The old(老人), (穷人)二副词的位置1. 多数副词做状语时放在动词之后。如果动词带有宾语，则放在宾语之后。例如： She speaks English well. 她英语讲得好。 Mr. Smith . 史密斯先生努力工作。2. 频率副词做状语时，通常放在行为动词之前，情态动词，助动词和be动词之后。例如： I have never heard him sing. 我从未听过他唱歌。 He early.他通常早起。 She for school.她经常上学迟到。3. 成都副词

3、一般放在所修饰的形容词和副词的前面。例如： He drives .他开车很小心。注意：enough做副词用是，放在形容词副词的后面；做形容词用时，则放在名词的前面。如： 够新鲜， 足够的水三易混词辨析1alone副词，指“单独一人”Though he was on the island, he didnt feel lonely形容词，强调孤单的感觉2tooalsoas well都表示“也”，用于肯定句also用于句中；too，as well用于句末She can dance, and I can dance, too. =she can dance, and I can dance .I h

4、avent read the book and my mother hasnt, .I know about it. Its not a secret.either表示“也不”，用于否定句用于句末3hard形容词，意为“困难的，硬的”副词，意为“努力地，（下雨，下雪等）猛烈”It is (难)to understand what he says.I could (几乎)believe it.He studies (努力)every day.hardly副词，意为“几乎不”，属于否定词4good形容词，意为“好”His Chinese is very .He speaks Chinese ver

5、y .He is not feeling today.well副词，意为“好”形容词，意为“身体好”5sometimes有时I sometimes hear from him.Lets go out sometime next week.He has lived here for some time.sometime某个时候some time一段时间6quite修饰形容词时，一般放在a/an之前，意为“相当”This is a quite a nice garden.This is a very nice garden.very修饰形容词时，一般放在a/an之后，意为“非常，很”对点精练：(

6、)1. His grandparents live_ in a small house, but they dont feel . A. lonely; alone B. alone lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone( )2. It was a _day and she felt very_ . A. tiring; tired B. tiring; tiring C. tired; tiring D. tired; tired ( )3. What_ news it is! Nobody_ it. A. a surprising; believ

7、es B. surprising; believesC. a surprised; believe D. surprised; believe( )4. Who will teach_ oral English next term? Can it be a new teacher? Perhaps. But our head teacher hasnt told us _ . A. your; already B. you; yet C. you; already D. your; yet( )5. _ is it from your home to the school? About ten

8、 minutes walk. A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How soon( )6. He said he would come to see us_the next afternoon. A. sometime B. some time C. sometimes D. some times( )7. This movie was_ . He didnt fall asleep all night. A. interesting enough B. enough interesting C. interested enough D. enoug

9、h interested( )8. The meat is_ delicious. Yes, but dont eat . A. too much; too much B. much too; too much C. too much; much too D. much too; much too( )9. He works_and feels_every day. A. hard; happy B. hardly; happily C. hard; happily D. hardly; unhappily( )10. After the earthquake, we heard of lot

10、s of _stories, and all of us were deeply_. A. moving; moved B. moving; moving C. moved; moving D. moved; moved四重点句型：1. be different fromHis ideas (与不同) ours.2. the same asMy book is (和一样)yours.3. tooto doHe is (年纪太小而不能)go to school.4. enough to doHe is not (够年龄) to go to school.5. it is +adj+ for sb

11、/sth +to doIt _(对于我们来说有好处) to eat more fruits. (形容事物，用for)6. it is +adj+ of sb +to doIt (你真好) to help me out. (形容人，用of)7. so + adj/adv + that 句子He (跑得太快) that nobody could catch up with him.8. such +名词短语+that句子It was problem (这么困难的问题) that I spent the whole night solving it.五形容词、副词的比较级、最高级的构成和用法：1.

12、构成：1）规则变化类别规则原级比较级最高级单音节词和少数双音节词一般情况下加er或esttalltallertallest以e结尾的词，加r或stnicenicernicest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”，再加er或esteasyhappyeasierhappiereasiesthappiest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母，先双写辅音字母，再加er或estbigwetbiggerwetterbiggestwettest多音节词和部分双音节词原级前加more/less构成比较级，原级前加most/least构成最高级usefulfamousexpensivemoreuseful

13、morefamouslessexpensivemostusefulmostfamousleastexpensive2）不规则变化：两多，两好，两坏病，一少，一老，远距离。口诀原级比较级最高级口诀原级比较级最高级两多many/muchmoremost一老oldelder(家庭中表长幼)eldest两好good/wellbetterbestolder（岁数大，东西旧）oldest两坏病bad/badly/illworseworst远距离farfarther(距离远)farthest一少littlelessleastfurther（程度深，深入）furthest专练：写出下列形容词 或副词的比较级和

14、最高级1.fast _ _ 2.hot _ _3.lazy _ _ 4.young_ _5.fine _ _ 6.early _ _7.good _ _ 8.ill _ _9.useful _ _ 10.fat _ _11.little _ _ 12.famous _ _13.quickly_ _ 14.many _ _ 15.busy _ _ 16.bad _ _17.old _ _ 18.wet _ _19.few _ _ 20.far _ _21.large _ _ 22.beautiful _ _23.carefully _ _ 24.difficult _ _2. 用法(1)用原级a

15、.形容词和副词钱又“very, quite, rather, too, so, as”等词修饰。如： The car is much too expensive.这辆车太昂贵。 He spoke very lowly.他讲得很慢。b.表示程度相等，用“asas(和一样)”；表示程度不相等，用“not so(as)as(和不一样)”。例如： This box is as big as mine.这个盒子和我的一样大。 She doesnt run (和一样快) he (does).(2)用比较级和最高级a. 两个人或两种食物相比较时，用比较级： The boys in her class are

16、 (高) than those in your class.注意：比较级前可用a lot, much, a bit, a little, even, far等修饰 His English is much (好) than mine.两者进行比较时，比较对象要相同The climate in Beijing is (比的天气冷)in Guangdong.the+比较级，表示“两者中较的那个”。She is the older(年龄最大) of the two girls.“形容词比较级+and+同一形容词比较级”，或more and more+形容词（多音节词）表示“越来越”.如：hotter

17、and hotter越来越热， 越来越贵“the +形容词/副词比较级，the+形容词/副词比较级”表示“越就越”。 you study, you know.你学习月努力，懂得越多。b. 三个或三个以上的人和物进行比较时，用最高级。 Shanghai is one of (最大) cities in China.注意：形容词最高级前要加the（有形容词物主代词时不用the）；副词最高级前可加可不加the。 例如：This is (我最高兴的)day. He listened to the teacher_(最留心)。形容词前有序数词，用最高级。The Yellow River is _ (第二

18、长)river in China.最高级的句型中，通常有一个表示范围的短语。In表示环境范围，in后的名词和主语不是同一概念范畴；of、among表示对象范围，其后的名词与主语时同一概念范畴。He is the tallest in his class.He is the thinnest of/among the boys.专练：用括号内所给词的形容词或副词填空。 Rainy days make me_.(sad) His face turned _(pale) when he saw the report. Listen to me_(careful). Then you will fin

19、d it _(easy) to do it by yourself. The fish smells_(bad). You should throw it to the dustbin as_(quick) as possible. The cloth looks_ (beautiful) and feels_(smooth). We should keep our hands_(open) and eyes_ (close). The mooncake tastes_ (sweet). But the price sounds too _(expensive) Its getting _(d

20、ark). You cant walk home_ (slow).真题链接1. The Changjiang River is the_river in China. A. long B. longest C. short D. shortest2. How are you feeling today? Much_.I can go to school next week. A. good B. better C. best D. well3. Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is. But he writes _ than us.

21、So he cant get good grades in writing. A. most carefully B. more carefully C. less carefully D. least carefully4. Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titannic last night? No, I _ go to the cinema . The tickets are too expensive A.hardly B. nearly C. still D. Only5. Eighteen kids died in the school bu

22、s accident in Gansu Province. Its _ one that I have ever heard of. A. a very serious B. a more serious C. the most serious D. the least serious6. What do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei? Wonderful. I think its _than the other films about youth in recent years. A. the best B. the

23、worst C. much better D. much worse7. Take care when you are driving, _in a summer storm like this. A. immediately B. especially C. probably D. recently8. The final exam is very important. We must treat it _. A.serious B.seriously C.careless D.carelessly 9. Bob knows how to cut the cost of the projec

24、t. Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people.（2015广东） A.less less B.fewer more C.more fewer D.less fewer 10. Li La won the first place in the final tennis game. Nobody else played ! (2011年佛山) A. well B. better C. best 11. She prefers football because she think its among all sports. (2012年

25、佛山) A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting12. People care a lot about food safety, for they want to eat . (2013年佛山) A. health B. healthy C. healthily13. The teacher is wise enough to explain the most difficult questions in way. (2014年佛山) A. simple B. simpler C. the simplest课后作业：一

26、、单项选择( ) 1. The teacher is wise enough to explain the most difficult questions in_way. A. simple B. simpler C. the simplest D.the simpler( ) 2. The dining hall is _ to hold 300 people. A. enough big B. enough small C. small enough D. big enough ( ) 3. Who is _ , Tom, Jim or David? I think Jim is. A.

27、 stronger B. the stronger C. strongest D. the strongest( ) 4. Whats wrong with you today? I am quite upset. Cheer up! The more you smile, the_you will feel. A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happily( ) 5. Is this kind of pet_ a pet dog these days? A. as trendy as B. more trendier than C. much trendy than D. not so trendier as( ) 6. Do you like this movie? Yes, its the_ one Ive ever seen. A. better B. best C. good D. well( ) 7. Mo Yan is one of _ writers in the world. A. fam