完整版初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版.docx

1、完整版初中宾语从句详细讲解教师版 宾语从句一、定义：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、 介词的宾语。I know the man. 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如： I know that the man is a policeman. 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如： 从句 主句 引导词 :宾语从句三大块 2. 宾语从句的语序； 1. 引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）； 宾语从句的时态。 3. 二、宾语从句的引导词（连接词作有无意所做成that只起连接作从属连接Whether/if有（表示是否起连接作What主宾连连接从

2、句中做成什么（指物从句中做成连Which主宾哪一个（指物从句中做成连who主，谁（指人主格从句中做成连whom谁（指人宾格从句中做成连whose谁的（指人所有格从句中做成连Where地状状连从句中做成When时状连从句中做成Why原状从句中做成连How方式 引导，that1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如： My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。sure (that) he will succeed. She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am if当

3、由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用2.。如：”“引导，意为whether或是否 (1) Is Jim a good student? I dont know1 dont know if /whether Jim is a good student.I (2) Does Kate get up early? Do you know? Do you know if /whether Kate gets up early? if 的三种情况注意：只能用whether不用 whether：种 情况只能用? 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3 ?与or not连用：Let me know

4、whether you can come or not. He asked me whether or not I was coming. 在介词之后：? I worry about whether I hurt her feelings It depends on whether it is going to rain. 在不定式之前：? I dont know whether to accept or refuse.We havent decided whether to go there. 3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：Can you tell me? 1

5、.What is she doing? Can you tell me what she is doing? 2.Where does she live? Do you know? Do you know where she lives? .宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序句式 连词语序 例句陈述句 That 不变I think that we can be good friends. 一般疑问句 if/whether 改为陈述语 序 I cant remember if I posted the letter.特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 改为陈述语 序Can you tell me what she

6、 is doing? : 注意事项 )当从句的原句为以下句子以及作主语时，语序不变：what, who(一s the matter? WhatWhats wrong? s happening? Whats the matter. eg:I dont know whatCan you tell me who is over there? 宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应. 2 时_如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_任何1. 态。 I dont think (that) you are right. here well go fishing tomorrow.Pl

7、ease tell us wDo you know when Mr. Smith moved here? 过 _时态（一般过去时，_2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去 。例如： 过去将来时，过去完成时）去进行时，He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. ：特殊情况 1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Dad told us that it is better to do than to say

8、. He told the boy that three and three is six. Could you tell me where the bookshop is. 从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。2.The teacher told me she was born in 1960. 子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。即学即练 1) These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong. 2) Light travels faster

9、than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound. 3) There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days. 4) Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French. Tell me _ the children _ _ games. 5)

10、Are the children playing games? Tell me. 6) Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet. 7) How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows? Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture? Do you know _ _ _ her car? 8) Where did she park her

11、car? Do you know? 3 9) What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. _ often _ about. The girl wondered _ the door so loudly? I dont know.10) Who knocked at _ at the door so loudly. I don t know _ 11) Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street. _ _. I

12、 asked him what _ _ 12) Whats his name? I asked him. 13) When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me _ _ _ _. _fried 14) Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _they ）Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. chicken.15the watch _ made in Shanghai. I dont

13、know _ 单项选择I hope _ it will snow this winter. 1）D./ C.whether A.when B.if 在句中没有任何意义，可以省略。that后面应该接引导的宾语从句，that 答案：D hope s. 2)I dont know _ Mr.Green will come to see uHe will help us with our English. D.where B.when C.how A.why ”。A 从下文的答语看，上文不知道的应该是“来看我们的原因答案： 3)I cant remember _ I have seen him bef

14、ore.D.how C.what A.whether B.why 。whether或if答案：A 本句表达一种不确定的概念，用 to see him. Do you know _？Im going4) ，I dont know.SorryB.where did Mr.Li live A.where does Mr.Li live D.where Mr.Li lived C.where Mr.Li lives 。现在住哪儿？、AB两项。从句意判断问的是“”宾语从句要用陈述语气，排除C答案： Where do you think _ he _ the computer？5)I have no id

15、ea. Sorry， 4 bought B.has；bought A.； buy ；C.did；buy D.does 是插入语，可以把它去掉，分析句意应该用应用过去时态和陈述语序。答案：A do you think 6)I cant understand _ he likes computer games so much.D.where B.whether C.why A.that ”。C 句意为“我不理解为什么他那么喜欢电脑游戏答案：Do you know _ the MP3 player last week? )7)(2010北京中考大纲卷I have no idea. Sorry，B.h

16、ow much will she pay for A.how much did she pay for D.how much she will pay for C.how much she paid for 判断应该用过去时态。、B两项，由last week 答案：C宾语从句要用陈述语序，由此排除Aow.Can you tell me? )I dont know _ tomorr8)(2010北京中考大纲卷B.when did we start A.when we started D.when will we start C.when we will start 判断，应该用将来时态表示。 由

17、tomorrow答案：C 经典例题 CheeseWho Moved My 例1 In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _ was an interesting book. D.if C.what A.that B.how 一个读者问书，本句含义是“思路解析：注意本句中斜体部分是一本书的名字谁动了我的奶酪D 项。答案：。所以答案是店管理员这本书是不是有趣”D容易给人who,它本身含有一个Moved My Cheese黑色陷阱：本题的主要陷阱是书名， Who 造成误解。在英语中，注意书名一般都是斜体的，且书名的首字母是大写的，注意把它看成一个

18、绿色通道： 独立的完整的东西。I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. 例2D.that when A.that how B.how that C.when that “当when盖茨十三岁的时候开始玩电脑“比尔”，应该用表示注意后面从句的含义是思路解析：D 是宾语从句的引导词。所以选D项。答案：that”时，本句中的上，它在本句中起到引导后面的时间状语的作本句结构复杂，主要陷阱设置在黑色陷阱：when 5 用。做此类题，要慢慢理顺思路，不要钻牛角尖，当一种含义说不通时，从另一个角度或绿色通道：

19、另一个含义考虑。I wonder _. 江苏苏州中考)例3 (2010Zebras. A.what do they call these animals B.how they call these animals C.what they call these animals D.how do they call these animals 两项。另外宾语从句要用陈、D”“我想知道他们叫这些动物什么，排除B思路解析：本句含义是C C项。答案：述语序。所以选sth.call sb. ”而错选how，注意本句中隐含句型黑色陷阱：本句容易译成“他们怎样称呼这些动物 ”。含义是“称呼某人 绿色通道：解答

20、本类题首先分析句意，确定引导词，然后看好语序和时态。_ she is interested in ，(2010北京中考)Im different from my twin sister.I love dancing 例4reading. D.and B.or C.but A.so C 项。答案：本句是转折关系，选择C思路解析： 项。本句陷阱在于选项前后都是肯定句形式，不细读题而误选D黑色陷阱： 绿色通道：并列句主要是根据句意来判断前后两句的逻辑关系，所以一定要把题读完再作判断。_ you may catch up with your classmates soon. )Work hard，5 (2010重庆中考例D.yet C.and B.but A.or 在，and”祈使句and”的句型，句意为“努力学习，你会很快赶上其他同学的思路解析：本句是“C C项。答案：句中表示承接关系，所以选/，不然的话，这个句型的含义是“or”黑色陷阱：本题的陷阱是句型，本句型区别于“祈使句 ”。否则 or，所以要全面分析句意，再作决定，也可以加祈使句后面既可以加绿色通道：and 6