房屋建筑学House Architecture.docx

1、房屋建筑学House Architecture房屋建筑学（House Architecture）Reviewing and thinking about housing architectureFirst articlesFirst chaptersWhat are the two aspects of architectural design? What are the differences in their specific research content? (P1)Architectural design includes two aspects. Mainly refers to

2、the study of architectural space, as well as the study of building entities forming architectural space.Building space is a place for people to use, their size, shape, composition and circulation relations are closely related to the use function, and often reflect a spiritual demand.The building sho

3、uld also meet many other material requirements, such as water proof, heat insulation, thermal insulation, etc. Therefore, in the process of architectural design, designers must pay attention to the study of building entities. The building entity has both the use value and the ornamental value. Its u

4、se value is defined as the role of space, and its ornamental value refers to the formation of the role of architectural form.Several aspects constitute the common building materials from the type and structure of supporting system of relations, building envelope, separation system and their detailed

5、 structure introduced to the building entity involved in all aspects of research.Understanding the classification of buildings, mastering the main components of a building and their functions; (P3)Buildings are usually divided into two categories: productive and non productive buildings.Productive b

6、uildings can be divided into different categories, such as industrial buildings, agricultural buildings, etc. according to their production contents, non productive buildings may be collectively referred to as civil buildings.Civil buildings can be subdivided into two major categories: residential b

7、uildings and public buildings according to their functions.Residential buildings generally include homes and dormitories.Public buildings cover a wide range and can be roughly divided into their functional features:The service life of buildings, cultural buildings, architectural construction, scient

8、ific research, medical buildings, commercial buildings, office buildings, traffic administrative building, building, building, communication and broadcasting of sports theater building, exhibition building, hotel building, garden buildings, monuments, religious buildings etc.What are the other syste

9、ms that relate to the main structure of the building? (P6)Electricity, telecommunications, lighting, water supply, drainage, heating, ventilation, air conditioning, fire protection, etc.Second chapters1., architectural design procedures are generally divided into several stages? What are the differe

10、nces in design procedures for small, technically simple or complex engineering projects? As the design process continues, how does the design document change? (P7)Architectural design procedures can generally be divided into program stage, preliminary design stage and construction drawing design sta

11、ge.The city building some small and simple technology, can replace the stage of preliminary design plan stage, and some complex projects, also need to insert technology design stage between the preliminary design and construction drawing design stages.The design document presents a change from coars

12、e to fine, from brief to detailed.2., design bidding at what stage? What does the tender document normally include? (P7)Design bidding is usually carried out at the project stage.The bidding documents may contain the general construction general layout, the main floor of each building plane map, the

13、 main building elevation and the main profile composed of construction scheme, the design features of reflection and color analysis of architectural drawing or building model, and the necessary design description. Design content in architectural design conception, including structure, professional e

14、quipment, various aspects of environmental protection, health, fire and other basic ideas and design basis, should also provide estimates of the technical and economic indicators design and preliminary economic.* according to the design documents to prepare the depth requirements, the preliminary de

15、sign stage drawings and design documents should meet what requirements?In the stage of preliminary design drawings and design documents, positioning axis and axis size requirements, professional construction drawings marked the construction, the total size of the building elevation, total height and

16、 related technical work positioning of some size,In the design, construction materials and construction shall be marked with the main structure; professional drawings need to provide map layout scheme of building structure and preliminary calculation and structure of the basic dimensions of each sec

17、tion; professional equipment should also provide equipment drawings and relevant equipment to estimate the number and specification.Before the final drawing, the participants in the design should review and countersign each other to ensure the coordination and consistency of the cooperation. Accordi

18、ng to these drawings and specifications, the project budget estimate shall be completed within the prescribed time limit.3. after completion of the construction drawing documents, the construction drawings shall be submitted to the review organization for examination. What aspects does the examinati

19、on mainly involve? (P9)After the completion of the construction drawing document, the design unit shall submit it to the relevant construction drawings review institution through the construction unit for examination of the mandatory standards and the implementation of the regulations. Review the co

20、ntents include: the stability and safety of the building, including the foundation and the main structure is safe and reliable; compliance with fire, health, environmental protection, energy saving, air defense, seismic and other relevant mandatory standards and norms; the construction plan is to re

21、ach the required depth requirements; whether the damage to several public interests.4., architectural design principles should meet what requirements? (P9)In addition to meeting the relevant architectural standards and specifications, architectural design should also meet the following requirements

22、in principle:1. meet the needs of architectural functions;2., in line with the location of the planning and development requirements, and have good visual effects;3. adopt reasonable technical measures;4. provide the possibility of operating within the economic scope permitted by the investment plan

23、.Second articlesFirst chaptersConstruction area, also known as building expansion area, refers to the total floor area of the projection area of the total levelThe construction area is an important parameter to reflect or measure the technical and economic indexes of buildings1. grasp the compositio

24、n of the building plane; (P11)From the composition of the use of space in each part of the plane to analyze the nature, mainly can be summed up as the use and traffic links in two parts.Use part is to meet the main use function and auxiliary use function that part of space.A traffic link is a sectio

25、n of space that is used to connect each part of a building. For example, many of the buildings of the hall, hall, corridors, staircases, elevator and so on, are building transport links section.2. what are the factors associated with the plane shape of the buildings use space? (P12)Factors related t

26、o the plane shape of the buildings use space include:(1) the quantity and layout of the equipment and furniture in the space;(2) the mode of operation of the user in the space;(3) lighting, ventilation and thermal, acoustic, fire and other aspects of the integrated requirements.3., for ordinary prim

27、ary and secondary school classrooms, considering the audio-visual quality, the blackboard, seating layout requirements? (P15)Consider the students in class audio-visual quality, according to the angle between the seats of the students in the class a maximum distance from the blackboard is not greate

28、r than 8.5m, and the section of the blackboard is not less than 30 degrees of sight requirements.4., why use plane shapes in space, most of which are rectangular planes? (P17)Generally speaking, separated components and bearing components in rectangular plane of division is easier to get a coordinat

29、ion or furniture arrangement not because of our neighboring interface plane angle or interface curve and need special treatment, combination between surfaces is also more convenient, so it is the most used plane.5., in general, the determination of the plane dimensions and shapes of the traffic conn

30、ections of buildings should be considered in what way? (P18)In general, the determination of the plane dimensions and shapes of the traffic connections of buildings may be considered in the following aspects:(1) to meet the peak period passenger and freight flow through the security scale takes;(2)

31、comply with the evacuation requirements as specified in the emergency situation;(3) to facilitate the use of space between the links;(4) meet the needs of lighting, ventilation and other aspects.6. corridors, halls and stairs in the hall and elevator traffic link each part is characterized by what?

32、(P19)Walkways are the most heavily used transportation links in a building.The entrance hall is the transportation hub where the main population of the building is transferred from outside to inside and distributing the flow of people. The hall type generally located in the complex building connections or inside buildings, some people or the logistics of the segmented centralized interchange, play a buffer role.Stairs and elevators are important parts of vertical traffic hubs in buildings.7. how should the width of the aisle be determined? (P19)Aisle widt