第18课综合类A阅读理解新增文章.docx

1、第18课综合类A 阅读理解新增文章第18课综合类(A) 2011年阅读理解新增文章孙老师特别提示： 根据往年的经验，每年的新增文章一般会出现在当年的试卷中，各个学校所谓的押题，即是这一部分。但是，去年出现了较大的意外，因此，请同学们特别注意以下几点：1. 通常考试出题取自当年新增文章的本专业本级别，如理工C,一般出的就是新增文章的理工C。2. 往年多次出现过跨专业出题现象，不是本专业和本级别的新增文章，孙老师建议 - 一定跟着听一下各专业各级别新增文卒,好处如下：（1） 可以了解最新出题动态。（2） 可以防范跨专业跨级别出题。（3） 练习做题技巧。（4） 但不必作为重点。3 2010年综合专业

2、出现了不从新增文章中出题的现象，因此，提高应试能力，就变的尤为重要，这也是为什么我们希望大家多听一点的原因。4. 这里需要特别提示的 - 尽管去年综合三个级别没有出新增文章，但理工三个级别与卫生的三个级别共6份试卷仍是从新增文章中出题，不过，部分卷子对新增文章的提问部分，做了一些修改，这点应引起考生的特别注意。别提示如下：（1）本专业本级别的新增文章一定要认真准备。根据往年经验，出现的概率应在80%以上。（2）同时要做好提问部分变更的准备。综合类 2011年阅读理解新增文章综合 第八篇: The State of Marriage Today(C级)综合 第三十八篇 Excessive Dem

3、ands on Young People(B级)综合 第四十七篇 Spoilt for Choice(A级)卫生类 2011年阅读理解新增文章第三篇： Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor（C级）第十八篇 Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics（B级）第二十四篇 Preventing Child Maltreatment（B级）第三十四篇 Be Alert to1 Antimicrobial Resistance(A级)理工类 2011年阅读理解新增文章第二篇 World Crude Oil Productio

4、n May Pea k a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict(C级)第六篇： Waving With Light （C级）第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses（B级）第三十八篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants(B级) 第四十五篇: Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others(A级)第四十六篇 Marvelous Metamaterials（A级）职称英语考试用书(内部教材)兰皮238页综合 第四十七篇 Spoilt损坏 for Choice(A级) 自己先做 Ch

5、oice, we are given to倾向于believe, is a right. In daily life, people have come to expect期待endless无止境的 situations情形, 境遇 about which they are required to make decisions决定 one way or another. In the main大体上, these are just irksome讨厌的moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower智能, or durin

6、g lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to order or indeed which coffee shop to go to .But sometimes selecting one option选择权 as opposed to反对 another can have serious or lifelong repercussions影响或结果. More complex decision-making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the

7、 army of professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advisors, and the like, waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee2 But for a good many4 people in the world, in rich and poor countries，choice is a luxury, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices

8、, the whole system is merely an illusion, created by companies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares5 The main impact of endless choice in peoples lives is anxiety. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense of

9、 powerlessness, even paralysis, in many people, ending in the shopper giving up and walking away6 or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the uneaseRecent surveys in the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical go

10、ods bought per household are not really neededThe advertisers and the shareholders of the manufacturers are, nonetheless, satisfied. It is not just their availability that is the problem, but the speed with which new versions of products come on the market. Advances in design and production mean tha

11、t new items are almost ready by the time that goods hit the shelves7Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The classic example is computers, which are almost obsolete once they are bought. At first, there were only one or

12、two available from a limited number of manufacturers, but now there are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machineThis makes selection a problemGone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing8: no choice, no anxie

13、ty. The plethora of choice is. not limited to consumer items. With the greater mobility of people around the world, people have more choice about where they want to live and work-a fairly recent phenomenon. In the past, nations migrated across huge swathes of the earth in search of food, adventure,

14、and more hospitable environments. Whole nations crossed continents and changed the face of history. So the mobility of people is nothing new. The creation of nation states and borders9 effectively slowed this process down. But what is different now is the speed at which migration is happening.练习：1Wh

15、at is the difference between the decision to shop in a certain supermarket and the decision to drop out of college according to the first paragraph? A) The former is a right while the latter is not B) The latter has more impact on life C) The former may happen for many times in life D) The latter re

16、quires a fee.2When people can not easily decide what to buy，what is the least possible choice? A ) Give up B) Walk away C) Buy an unsuitable item D ) Seek advice3Why do products have short lifespan nowadays? A) They are more often replaced with better ones B) They have worse quality C) They have too

17、 many versions D) Computer technology advances too fast4How does migration differ from the past? A) People now migrate across the whole earth B) People now migrate for better life C) People now have more choice about where to migrate D) People now migrate for better environment5Which is the best sum

18、mary of the writers attitude towards choice in a commercial society? A)More choice，more anxiety B)Better more choice than no choice C)Better no choice than more choice D) All choice is not easy第四十七篇 多不胜选 （综A）综合 第四十七篇 Spoilt 破坏for Choice(A级) Choice, we are given to倾向于believe, is a right. In daily lif

19、e, people have come to expect期待endless无止境的 situations情形, 境遇 about which they are required to make decisions决定 one way or another. In the main大体上, these are just irksome讨厌的moments at work which demand some extra energy or brainpower智能, or during lunch breaks like choosing which type of coffee to orde

20、r or indeed which coffee shop to go to .But sometimes selecting one option选择权 as opposed to反对 another can have serious or lifelong repercussions影响或结果. More complex decision-making is then either avoided, postponed, or put into the hands of the army of professionals, lifestyle coaches, lawyers, advis

21、ors, and the like, waiting to lighten the emotional burden for a fee2 But for a good many4 people in the world, in rich and poor countries，choice is a luxury, not a right. And for those who think they are exercising their right to make choices, the whole system is merely an illusion, created by comp

22、anies and advertisers wanting to sell their wares5通常我们认为选择是一种权利。在日常生活中，人们已经习惯了在数不胜数的情境中做出种种选择。但是基本说来，这些选择要么是些需要更多精力的恼人活计，要么就是决定午餐时间喝什么咖啡、去哪家店。然而有时，这种舍此取彼却具有重大甚至是对众生的影响。因此在面对困难的抉择时，人们要么躲躲闪闪，有意拖延，要么把选择的权利交给形形色色的专业人士，像生活方式指导、律师、顾问或其他类似的人；这些人也正等着人们付费求助他们减轻心理负担呢。但无论富国穷国，对于世界上的许多人来说，能够选择并非一项权利，而是一件奢侈品。有些人

23、以为自己在行使选择权，但这一整套体制那不过是企业和广告商为了卖出商品所制造的幻想。 The main impact of endless choice in peoples lives is anxiety忧虑. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of consumer goods induces a sense感觉 of powerlessness, even paralysis瘫痪, in many people, ending in th

24、e shopper giving up and walking away6 or just buying an unsuitable item that is not really wanted in order to solve the problem and reduce the uneaseRecent surveys in the United Kingdom have shown that a sizeable proportion of electrical goods bought per household are not really neededThe advertiser

25、s and the shareholders of the manufacturers are, nonetheless, satisfied. It is not just their availability that is the problem, but the speed with which new versions of products come on the market. Advances in design and production mean that new items are almost ready by the time that goods hit the

26、shelves7Products also need to have a short lifespan so that the public can be persuaded to replace them within a short time. The classic example is computers, which are almost obsolete once they are bought. At first, there were only one or two available from a limited number of manufacturers, but no

27、w there are many companies all with not only their own products but different versions of the same machineThis makes selection a problemGone are the days when one could just walk with ease into a shop and buy one thing8: no choice, no anxiety. The plethora过剩 of choice is not limited to consumer item

28、s. With the greater mobility of people around the world, people have more choice about where they want to live and work-a fairly recent phenomenon. In the past, nations migrated 移动across huge swathes 束缚 of the earth in search of food, adventure, and more hospitable宜人的 environments. Whole nations cro

29、ssed continents and changed the face of history. So the mobility of people is nothing new. The creation of nation states and borders9 effectively slowed this process down. But what is different now is the speed at which migration is happening.练习：1What is the difference between the decision to shop i

30、n a certain supermarket and the decision to drop out of不参与,退出 college according to the first paragraph? A) The former前面的is a right while the latter后面的 is not B) The latter后面的 has more impact影响on life C) The former may happen for many times in life D) The latter requires a fee.2When people can not ea

31、sily decide what to buy，what is the least最小的 possible可能的 choice? = which is not mentioned? A ) Give up B) Walk away C) Buy an unsuitable item D ) Seek advice3Why do products产品have short lifespan 寿命nowadays? A) They are more often replaced 取代with better ones B) They have worse更坏的 quality质量 C) They ha

32、ve too many versions形式 D) Computer technology advances前进 too fast4How does migration 移民differ from the past? A) People now migrate across the whole earth B) People now migrate for better life C) People now have more choice about where to migrate D) People now migrate for better environment5Which is the best summary 概要of the writers attitude towards choice in a commercial so