安全工程专业英语部分翻译.docx

1、安全工程专业英语部分翻译 Company number【1089WT-1898YT-1W8CB-9UUT-92108】安全工程专业英语部分翻译Unit 1 safety management systemAccident causation models 事故致因理论Safety management 安全管理Physical conditions 物质条件Machine guarding 机械保护装置House-keeping 工作场所管理Top management 高层管理人员Human errors 人因失误Accident-proneness models 事故倾向模型Munitio

2、ns factory 军工厂Causal factors 起因Risking taking 冒险行为Corporate culture 企业文化Loss prevention 损失预防Process industry 制造工业Hazard control 危险控制Intensive study 广泛研究Organizational performance 企业绩效Mutual trust 相互信任Safety officer 安全官员Safety committee 安全委员会Shop-floor 生产区Unionized company 集团公司Seniority 资历、工龄Local cu

3、lture 当地文化Absenteeism rate 缺勤率Power relations 权力关系Status review 状态审查Lower-level management 低层管理者Business performance 组织绩效Most senior executive 高级主管Supervisory level 监督层Safety principle 安全规则Wall-board 公告栏Implement plan 执行计划Hazard identification 危险辨识Safety performance 安全性能One comprehensive definition

4、for an organizational culture has been presented by Schein who has said the organizational culture is “a pattern of basic assumptions invented, discovered, or developed by a given group as it learns to cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration that has worked well enough

5、 to be considered valid and, therefore, to be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems”译文：Schein给出了组织文化的广泛定义，他认为组织文化是由若干基本假设组成的一种模式，这些假设是由某个特定团体在处理外部适应问题与内部整合问题的过程中发明、发现或完善的。由于以这种模式工作的有效性得到了认可，因此将它作为一种正确的方法传授给新成员，让他们以此来认识、思考和解决问题指适应外部与整合内部的过

6、程中的问题。The safety culture of an organization is the product of individual and group values, attitudes, perceptions, competencies, and patterns of behavior that determine the commitment to, and the style and proficiency of , an organizations health and safety management.译文：组织的安全文化由以下几项内容组成：个人和群体的价值观、态

7、度、观念、能力和行为方式。这种行为方式决定了个人或团体对组织健康安全管理的责任，以及组织健康安全管理的形式和熟练程度。Unit 2 System Safety EngineeringSystem safety engineering 系统安全工程By-product 附带产生的结果Engineering practice 工程实践Safety problem 安全问题Accelerating technology 快速发展的技术Safety effort 安全投入Systems life cycle 系统的生命周期System effectiveness 系统有效性Logical reason

8、ing 逻辑推理Potential accident 潜在事故Accident cause 事故原因Logical programming 合理的规划System hazard 系统危害Safety input 安全投入Inherently safe system 本质安全系统Schedule delays 进度拖延Concept phase 初步计划阶段Safety criteria 安全标准Government regulations 政府管制System operation 系统运行System analysis 系统分析System design 系统设计Aid in 有助于Equip

9、ment specifications 设备说明Maintenance plans 维护计划Safety problems 安全问题Development phase 发展阶段Operation phase 运行阶段Performance reviews 绩效评估Disposal phase 处理阶段Intuitive process 直觉过程Make decisions 做决定Hazard control 危险控制Protective apparel 防护服Engineering solutions 工程方法/手段Protective devices 保护装置Warning devices

10、报警装置Incorrect interpretation 误解Hazardous material 危险物质Work area layout 工业区布局Educational solutions 教育方法/手段Training sessions 培训会议Safety promotion programs 安全促进项目Administrative solutions 行政方法/手段Personnel selection 人员选择Safety shoes 安全鞋Safety belt 安全带Safety glasses 防护眼镜Accident prevention 事故预防Technical s

11、ystem 技术系统Responsible official 负责人Hazard analysis is not an intuitive process. For an analysis to be meaningful, it must be logical, accurate, descriptive of the system, and based on valid assumptions. Its success largely depends on the skill and knowledge of those conducting the analysis. Anyone wh

12、o has a thorough, working knowledge of both the system under consideration and the analysis technique to be used may perform a hazard analysis. In practice, the efforts of several persons with varying backgrounds are usually required to assure that meaningful and comprehensive hazard information is

13、obtained.译文：危险分析过程不是凭直觉就能完成的。对于一个有意义的分析，必须在有效的假设基础上对系统进行合理的、准确的描述。它的成功主要取决于进行分析的人所具有的技能与知识。只要对被研究的系统和用于分析的技术有全面的了解，任何人都可以进行危险分析。在实践过程中，要想获得全面而有价值的危险信息，必须要一些具有不同知识背景的人共同努力才行。System safety engineering is a relatively new approach to accident prevention. Its concepts and techniques have evolved from ef

14、forts to improve the safety of the complex technical systems that are common in todays society. It is based on the ideas that accidents result from a number of interacting causes within a system, and that each cause and interaction can be logically identified, evaluated, and controlled. Through the

15、logical application of scientific and management principles over the life cycle of a system, system safety engineering attempts to achieve an optimum degree of safety.译文：安全系统工程是一个相对较新的预防事故的方法。它的概念和相关技术是在人们提高当今普遍存在的复杂技术系统安全性的各种努力过程中逐渐发展而来的。它基于这样一个思想，即所有的事故都是系统内大量相互作用的原因造成的，理论上，各种原因及相互作用都能被识别、评估，并得到控制

16、。通过在系统的生命周期内合理的应用科学的管理原则，系统安全工程就有望获得最佳的安全程度。The efforts necessary to achieve the desired degree of safety are usually organized into formal programs. The objective of such programs is to assure that system hazards are eliminated or otherwise controlled as early in the life cycle as possible. Most of

17、 the detail work involved in a system safety program is in the performance of hazard analyses. With the information provided by analysis, responsible officials can determine the safest, most efficient means of controlling the hazards identified.译文：要想获得所期望的安全程度，所有必须做的工作都应编制成正式的计划。这些计划的目标就是确保系统里的危险被消除

18、，或者使危险在系统生命周期内尽早的得到控制。系统安全计划中的大量具体工作在危险分析的过程中得以执行。通过分析提供的信息，负责人就能选择最安全、最有效的方式来控制被识别出来的危险。Unit 3 The ergonomics Processergonomics process 人机工程过程MSDs （are injuries and illnesses of the safe tissue and nervous system that affect your bodys: Muscles, Nerves, Tendons(经脉), Ligaments(韧带 ), Joints）由肌肉组织或神经系

19、统引起的伤害或疾病Upper echelons 上层、高层hourly employee 钟点工Job sites 工地Ergonomics committee 人机工程委员会Medical management 医疗管理Musculoskeletal stressors 肌肉骨骼紧张性刺激Ergonomics input 人机工程投入Management commitment 管理承诺/行为Manufacturing engineers 制造业工程师Plant manager 工厂经理Process engineer 生产工程师Human resource manager 人力资源经理Saf

20、ety manager 安全经理Sub-committee 分委员会Overseeing body 监督主体low back disorder 腰部疾病Active and passive surveillance 主动和被动监督Job stressors 工作压力源Follow-up 后续工作Ergonomics awareness 人机工程意识Follows through 实现，把进行到底Chain of command 指挥链Hit list 黑名单You must assess the outcome of the hazard identification process and

21、determine if immediate action is necessary or if, in fact, there is an actual hazard involved. When you do not view a reported hazard as an actual hazard, it is critical to the ongoing process to inform the worker that you do not view it as a true hazard and explain why. This will insure the continu

22、ed cooperation of workers in hazard identification.你必须对危险辨识过程中得到的结果进行评估，并决定在实际危险存在时是否需要立刻采取措施。当你不把一个已被报告的危险当做一个实际存在的危险时，你必须在工作过程中告诉工人你没把这个被报告的危险当做一个真正的危险，并解释原因。这将确保工人们在危险识别过程中进行持续合作。Unit 4 Hazard identificationHazard identification 危险识别Outcome 后果Ongoing process 正在进行的过程Place on 重视Exposure limit 暴露极限V

23、entilation system 通风系统Budgetary constraint 预算约束Jobsite safety inspection 工作场所安全检查Accident investigation 事故调查Labor management committee 劳动管理委员会Accident incidence 事故发生率Severity rate 严重事故率Industrial accident 工业事故Work procedure 工作/操作程序Walk-round inspection 巡视Overexertion 用力过度Carpal tunnel syndrome 腕管综合症

24、Extreme temperature 极限温度Worker-oriented 以人为本的Mitigate 减轻/缓和Abatement 降低/消除This approach to hazard identification does not require that someone with special training conduct it. It can usually be accomplished by the use of a short fill-in-the-blank questionnaire. This hazard identification technique

25、works well where management is open and genuinely concerned about the safety and health of its workforce. The most time-consuming portion of this process is analyzing the assessment and response regarding potential hazards identified. Empowering workers to identify hazards, make recommendations on a

26、batement of the hazards, and then suggest how management can respond to these potential hazards is essential.这种危险辨识的方法不需要经过特需训练的人来执行。通常经过一个简短的问卷调查就能完成。在一些管理比较开放、真心关心工人安全和健康的地方，这种危险辨识方法能起到很好的作用。这个过程中最耗时的部分就是对识别的潜在的危险进行分析评估和反馈。赋予工人识别危险、对减小危险提出建议并提出如何对这些潜在的危险进行管理的权利是必须的。Unit 5 What is an OHSMSOHSMS 职业健

27、康安全管理体系Legacy 遗产，留给后人的东西In practice 在实践中Allow for 考虑到Regulatory system 监管体系Review phase 审查阶段Specific objective 特殊目标Corrective action 纠正措施Be central to 极为重要Systematic approach 系统方法Systemic linkage 体系联动Inter-linked 相互链接Feedback loop 反馈环Specific program element 详细计划Mandatory 强制的Arise from 由。引起Strategic

28、 objective 战略目标Commercial pressure 商业压力Principal contractor 总承包商Hybrid method 混合方法Market-based 基于市场的Formalised prescription 正式的法规/规定Mandated principle 明文规定的原则Stem from 起源于，来自于Regulatory framework 规章制度European Union Framework Directive 欧盟框架指令All-encompassing approach 包罗万象的方法Sparingly 少量的Home grown 国产

29、的/自己制定Chamber of Commerce and Industry 工商会/工商联Framing 编制/制定Emergency planning 应急计划Planning and accountability 计划与职责Managerialist and participative models 经理主导模式和参与模式bureaucratic model 官僚模式Top down 由上而下Trace to 追溯到Empirical test 经验实验 Mutually exclusive 相互排斥的Quality levels 质量标准Expand upon 详述/进一步阐述Leve

30、l of achievement 成就水平 Performance level 执行标准Graduating up 逐渐变化 At the behest of 在。命令/要求下Set out 阐述、陈列Conversely, an alternative participative model of “management systems” can be traced to socio-technical systems theory, which emphasises organisational interventions based on analysis of the inter-re

31、lationships of technology, environment, the orientation of participants, and organisational structure.相反，一个可选择来使用的“管理系统”模型可以追溯到社会-技术系统理论，该理论强调组织干预，这种组织干预是建立在对技术、环境、参与者的定位及组织结构之间的相互关系进行分析的基础上的。So far, we have shown that OHSMS can vary upon a number of dimensions relating to method of implementation, system characteristics, and degree of implementation. Such variance is important because it affects evaluation and measurement of OHSMS performance. Measures appropriate for one dimension of a system will be irrelevant to another. Evaluation of OHSMS