大学英语语法汇总.docx

1、大学英语语法汇总大学英语语法汇总 作者:日期： 大学英语语法汇总1、名词（1）以S结尾的名词做主语的主谓一致1、以结尾的疾病和游戏arthrs,bronchis,rickets,meases,mps,dibtes,dats,marble做主语时谓语动词应使用单数形式。例:Arthiscuses pain inthe jnt特殊情况:有一些疾病/游戏名词作谓语动词可单可复：measls,icketsCards做主语动词用复数;drt，marbes指游戏使用的具体的镖和弹子意义时，谓语动词abes可单可复，at用复数形式。例：Meallwysccur/ocu aong kds. Nine drts

2、 are rowaac urn.2、以s结尾的学科名称hysics,mahemais，ptis,acoustics,politc,atis,tacti，nguistis,tc做主语时谓语动词使用单数。例：aetics is away aheadache or Plitcs always attracsboys.特殊情况：如果这些词并不是只带“学科”等意义，谓语动词便可做复数使用。例如,mahemaics运算能力，athletic体育运动,acots音响效果，act策略，conomic经济学意义。例：Te acoticsiBon Jvis Tul cncert were bd criticism

3、 lat spring.3、以s结尾的地理名称eSates,he unied staes，tNtherlan,th Phpies，he Unterbmiraes,the Unied Nation做主语时，谓语动词使用单数。例:The Netherlands is a Euroupean cory.Te Sats is dveloped counr特殊情况:如果主语是群岛chpelago,山脉mouais,海峡rait,瀑布watfalls,运动会mes等，谓语动词则使用复数。例：The NanshaIsads (The Srtly slnds）einteal prt ofCina.The Wu

4、 montaare pturesuehe Olympic Gme are he every fouryers4、其他以S结尾的名词（1）成双成对出现的名词做主语时:例如ean,cpasss(圆规)scissors，incers，glasses,nt,shorts,troser，slck,sendes等谓语动词使用复数.例:The lck are scopetful.he Heglilass are soricey但是加上单位词则使用单数。例:Oe pairf glas iar from enoughweyo ve aroad.（2）英语中还有一些以结尾的名词,如archiv,arms，clth

5、es,ontents,ve,fie，firecracers，os，mals,thns等，谓语动词使用复数。例：h fireraes are soloud.Many thaks ot m wife ad r ls（3）ngs结尾的名词谓语动词一般使用复数。如,cppings，diggigs,earnins,illngs,sweeings,tc例：His arnings are prty good.特殊情况:tiding(旧）做主语时谓语动词可单可复。例oodtiin are heerful（4）英语中有一些词，单复数同形，例如brracks，eadqurer,eas，see,speces，wor

6、ks，sheep，dee谓语动词根据实际情况而定。例: This mens of trasprtion does nt wo for me. his men habntied These enagerd seciesae well otctein main Cna（5）少数的名词做单数和复数时意义不一样。例：Wht is the ods?(有什么要紧）he odd r ou favors.(形式对我们有利)特殊情况：Remais做“遗体”时，谓语动词使用复数，如果当“遗迹”“剩余物”时,谓语动词可单可复。例:The rime misers remainwereburid i the viiiy

7、 o te hrch. The remas oth ancien capital has ben edued to debis after h assive quak. Th reainsof e mealwas/erfed to th o.（2）集体名词做主语的主谓一致1、通常做复数的集体名词plic,pele，cattl，miliia,poulry,ersl,lerg,verin等做主语时谓语动词使用复数。例:Th crgyrmain divid on e isu owon piess. Tepersonal(总称：员工)e reutnt tolterte rues2、通常做单数的集体名词

8、:foage（叶子总称),machiery,qupment,furniture,erchandie,cloting(clothes),oery(oe,poe)，bagage,ug，ceery,jewllery（ewel).例:ll the machier is mde in China. Th wooden furnureis unaffordable3、可单可复的集体名词：congregatin,family,govrnmnt,pbic,rew,cls,mmiee，ude,couple,natin,polaio等谓语动词根据实际情况对待。例：Te fiy is a lar n.he fail

9、 are tin salmo at tabl4、A omitee/anelboard of +pl. ,谓语动词通常使用单数。 例：Apnel of expert isto give opnon onways o tckonetio.(3）prblmsf concor t a coordin suiect1、an连接的是一个人/一件事例:The ecr interpreterha bee lad upfor a cuple of ds.arly t bd erly to maks mnealthy,wealhy,and ise.2、and连接成对出现的名词：ni fr,cartand hors

10、e,needl nhed,lwander,ed ad btte,ham and gs,el nd ilk,fshnd chip,ncakesndsyru,etc例:Bead ad butr is a ttybreafat inwstern culture.Fiand chips is a populay tae-way foo th orignate n the ntdKngdom3、nd连接every/each/n/many a 单数名词,谓语动词使用单数。例：ery mae nd vry fel has t vcuatef te powr pnt.aa mn ndwoman inthis

11、ommniy inds himselfor herefin nd.N bon n girl lying tenns4、nd连接专有名词：t Stars ad Stres，theBt a ball例:he atandBall i adlghtful Inn it lo of expoed ba，fagtone fr，ornglg fies catheral cad all creatinga traditional villag atphee.TeStrsad Srie was apt ashe fg of the Unitd SttsonJune 14,777.5、rther.or.ot.bu

12、t./not ony.but aso./neither.nor.连接的主语按The prnle o proxiomty(就近原则）例:Eiter y r I am wn.A ether yu or I wong?6、主语+as uc s/rather tan/mor thn/o l thn/as ell a/in ddiion twith/aon wth/togthe wth/ecept/ut,et例:A tecer,wih hsstudents,is wtching an Enlih ovie.Te in,wi t ordsandcommos,cstitutes her gvernme.Hi

13、 usn tr han his pars iseld rsponsible frthis inhuae msare(4）Prolems f ocordwith experessos of anityassuet1、DefiniteQuantt(确定数量)时间、数量、金钱、距离、重量等做主语时作为整体看待例：100 dollars means a lt to a kindf i age300 podmakesan bese guyTee 句型例外:Thrare10dols i his pocketFracin分数/percentage百分数+of,谓语动词和of后的名词保持一致例：Two thi

14、rds of theap is rotEiercent ote studetshae beemuged ith ara.ppulan例Fify-fv ere o ins populain iv in h rua areapratins运算ddition加：plus,and ubtrain减：mius，subtracted yMultiplican乘:(mulpid)b,tims visin除:diiddby都可以使用单数,但是加法和乘法有时候可以用复数。Foty mustwentyleaves tenty.Twotims euls ixtenone inut of .一般使用单数，有时使用复数

15、例：Oe in te grldates in olee.2、InefnieQuanty(不确定数量)all/sme/none/half/mot of n.谓语动词根据后面的名词来定例：ot of te mony has been enon travelgabroad.Mt ofte Amrican hgschool boshae dats.onebut te bet coffees o noug for Lynne.a ortionseripiep o,of后面的名词一般使用单数例：A pile oogsispin up.Apanl of expert i unable to ech an r

16、eeent.a nd/type/sor of,of后面通常跟不可数名词或者单数名词,谓语动词使用单数。This type of sorts car s eaycostly.但Carsthis ype are cstly.tese/thos knd +l.谓语动词使用单数例：Thesekin of birds re o rreor tshgatitue.any a/ore tha one谓语动词使用单数例:My sudenasfiled cplans. Mre than onear mpany has lodge clms gainstKho Tire3、Othrroles of S-V con

17、cordominal Clase名词性从句谓语动词一般使用单数例:How he cae er waa ytery.Hw h cae he a wh he ceherwre ysteriosVC结构中，如果是名词复数，那么谓语动词可单可复。例:Wt is of impotacet m s/are th dtils f my wfs lfeNon-finite Causes,doing/to 做主语谓语动词使用单数例:T seeisto believe.To takeadrin akscourage.Reativ Claes，定语从句中的谓语动词和先行词保持一致。例:Jn isoe of the

18、fwgirls who dont like rm.*e o.，the(vy/only)one o.例:Js te oly one of th wgr hodoes lieproms.left etence,强调句谓语动词和主语一致。例:Its I oam mistanken.xstnia Steces,The priileof roimit(就近原则)例:Th sa thnyo not and t wristbds o the tble.4、Miscellaneous（其他)Te +adj.:thedead/rich/vig/wealty/wunde/bld/deaf ec谓语动词复数例:Te

19、 dea arehautng theils ivin tt orno f th nihborod.a(the）number of，（th)tl of区分umber o famersae proesting agai bildin new airprt ohe armlandne an a alf做主语时谓语动词常用单数形式。例:One nd a af banaas is et othe ale.Large qantesof snd have be trasportedto te Yngtzeivr.(4）Cllective Nous1、有的集体名词只做复数:people,polce，catt,

20、vrmi et 有的集体名词只做单数:anknd,fitr,mcnry,merchanis t. 有的集体名词可单可复:amiy,re,governen ect.特殊情况:有一些集体名词具有个体意义:he csset cople hve fourfamies osupt.T faiyareetig luchThamily iompose o repeople.efor leration，Chin use to avooveets for a while.Thegovrent is tryingto urb oline rme.The goermet ar negtatig he in-dept

21、h detail with he foei enypeneur2、Mateil Nns,物质名词一般为不可数名词，没有单数、复数之分。特殊情况：物质名词如果作为复数出现，意义不同。hve a er?Hae wbeeshve teaLongjn s a world-fmoustawhite haiehasa few whte hirs.sandsns沙 沙滩r waters水 大片水体food/ritoodits食物/水果 多种食物/水果offee/twocofees咖啡/两杯咖啡rubr(橡皮 胶鞋)橡胶ewrrubbers o ourfet wh itrais.sone(石头)石料Marbl

22、 isa precious tone.Egg(鸡蛋）蛋渍Thee issome eggon is noseLam(羔羊）羊羔肉The s lam on odys me.ono（洋葱头)洋葱味You smell of onionWod(树林）木材h chairs re mad of ood/the lost n led,hopig thasoe the wood coul har hiron(熨斗)铁I have ostam iron.Paper(论文，报纸）纸张 hv a paper to wete.Glass（玻璃杯)玻璃Tiss a madof temprd glss.cloth(一块布)

23、布料hisi alh or thetbeChicke(小鸡）鸡肉My nicraises chcke ase petFire（火灾）火A firebroke out he taler parklat igt3、Abstra Nuns,抽象名词没用单复数之分,因为不能计数。例:Knoledge is owerBeay is ruth.indess isa virtue.但是有的抽象名词使用单数和复数意义不同。sympahy(同情、怜悯）sympates(慰问、同情、怜悯）experinc(经验）eeences(经历)rlatin(关系)relatins（亲戚）ut(青春)yuts(男青年）wor

24、ry(忧愁、烦恼)wories(烦恼事)dtatn(心烦)istrcins(心烦得事）buiss(商业、交易）bussinese（商店、商行)kdnes(仁慈）ndnes（善行)Scss(成功)Succes(成功者、成功得事)failure(失败）Failres(失败者、失败的事）Space(空间） space(空格）dappointment(失望)dsapoitmet(令人失望得事）4、fmly，om,muh,er在某些搭配中可以表示抽象概念。例：ae too mch mily/winr/mouhHave to litle r,ak oomr,fel theatrot ie5、man,rard，oquette，plitcian,sosmn,shlr，oet，fo等词在某些搭配中成了不可数名词。例：to be fol enouh,mre fafol han,as mchof a fools,toouchofa fol,nough of an,omething a clebrity6、专有名词有时候具有可数名词来使用。例:hengs ued to hl way in hinaI wis to bcoean Edison. will buy ard/inco.The To ChinPolcy cnn be brooked by e Chine populatn（5）Indpend