完成句子带解析.docx

1、完成句子带解析（一）第一节：完成句子1. Look out! Dont get too close to the building, _ (屋顶正在重建) these days. (restore)whose roof is being restored / the roof of which is being restored 考查定语从句和时态。分析句子结构可知是定语从句，还原从句成分可知应用whose引导定语从句，whose在定语从句中作定语。whose引导的定语从句可以转化为“the+名词+of which”引导的定语从句。由时间状语和主谓语之间关系判断应使用现在进行时的被动语态。2.

2、 Not only_ (我们表示出同情) after the alarming earthquake and tsunami in Japan, but we also offered to assist the country. (sympathy)did we express sympathy 考查倒装和时态。not only but (also) 意为“不但而且”，此结构连接除主语之外的句子成分并且not only置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装语序。由but后的句子的时态可知，所缺部分应用一般过去时态。3. He _（假装已睡着了）when his mother called him. (

3、pretend) pretended to have fallen asleep 考查动词的用法及时态。pretend to do sth.假装干某事；pretend to have done sth.假装干了某事。fall asleep意为“睡着;熟睡”。由句子的时间状语when his mother called him可知主句的谓语动词应用一般过去时态。4. It was strongly suggested that the injured passenger _ (动手术) as soon as possible. (operate) (should) be operated on

4、考查虚拟语气和语态。分析句子成分可知it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。suggest意为“建议”时，后面跟的从句要用虚拟语气，其构成为“should+动词原形”，其中should可以省略。operate on 意为“给动手术”，the injured passenger和operate on之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以从句的谓语动词要用被动语态。5. The young man, who _ (本不该驾驶) his car so fast, was to blame for the accident. (ought) ought not to have driven

5、考查情态动词的用法。 ought to = should , ought not to have done sth.表示“本不该干某事，而实际上已经干了”。6. (一个人留在家里), Mary felt lonely and frightened, so she turned on the TV. (leave) Left alone at home 考查非谓语动词的用法。“leave +宾语+补语”表示“让某人保持某种状态”，leave和句子的主语Mary之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。 7. I _ (偶然发现) this book in an old bookstore

6、 near the Palace Museum. (come)came across 考查动词短语及时态。come across意为“偶然遇见；偶然发现”。根据句意可知“偶然发现”这一动作发生在过去，所以句子的谓语动词要用一般过去。8. _ (你注意到) it is getting windy outside? (aware)Are you aware that 考查形容词的用法。在句中“it is getting windy outside”为从句，所以所缺部分应用“be aware that”结构，be aware that意为“意识到”。 9. What do you think of

7、Mrs. Smith? She is _ (一位善良的女士) as you could ever meet. (kind)such a kind lady / so kind a lady考查比较结构。在句中as引导定语从句，修饰先行词a lady,由as可知a kind lady前应由such或者as修饰。“such+a/ an + adj.+单数名词”=“so + 形容词+ a / an +单数名词”。10. Hearing the terrible news, his parents hurried home _ (结果发现他坐着) in the garden. (only)only t

8、o find him sitting 考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知填入部分在句中作结果状语。在句中现在分词和不定式都可以作状语，现在分词作结果状语时表示必然的、意料之中的结果；不定式作结果状语时表示偶然的、意料之外的结果。find的宾语him和sit之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以要用现在分词作find的宾语补足语。（二）第一节: 完成句子1. Some terrible _ (一定发生了) if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. (happen)must have happened 考查情

9、态动词的用法。可以用情态动词表示推测，用于肯定句中表示肯定推测要用情态动词must，如果是对现在的推测，则用must do的形式；如果是对过去的推测则用must have done的形式。根据句意可知此句表示对过去的推测。2. How I wish my house _（没有卖掉）. Its more valuable now.（sell）had not been sold 考查虚拟语气和语态。wish后面跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，如果是对现在的虚拟，那么从句的谓语动词就要用一般过去时；如果是对过去的虚拟，从句的谓语动词就要用过去完成时；如果是对将来的虚拟，从句就要用would(migh

10、t)+动词原形。根据句意可知此句是对过去的虚拟，所以此句中的谓语动词要用过去完成时态。sell和my house之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以谓语动词要用被动语态。3. The star said he had hoped to win the Golden Horse Film Awards within 20 years, but _ (使他震惊) was that his dream was being fulfilled so soon. (shock)what shocked him / what made him shocked 考查主语从句。系动词was前面缺少主语，所以所缺部分

11、为主语从句，在主语从句中缺少主语，所以要用what引导此主语从句。shock为及物动词，其后加上-ed后可以变成形容词，意为“感到震惊的”，因此可以用shock作谓语动词也可以使用“make +宾语+ 补语”结构。4. With the fact that hes younger than the rest of us (考虑) , I think he has done pretty well indeed. (consideration)taken into consideration 考查with复合结构和动词短语。take sth. into consideration意为“把考虑在内

12、”。with复合结构为：with+宾语+宾语补足语，take和the fact之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以要用过去分词作宾语补足语。5. In the past women _ (受歧视) and now things have changed a lot. (look)were looked down upon 考查时态和语态。look down upon sb.意为“看不起某人；歧视某人”。由句子的时间状语in the past可知，句子要用一般过去时态；look down upon和women之间构成动宾关系，所以句子的谓语动词要用被动语态。6. We accepted the inv

13、itation. Only later （我们怀疑）it might be a trap. (suspect)did we suspect 考查倒装语序。later意为“后来”，在句中作时间状语，“only +状语”置于句首，句子要用部分倒装语序。所以句子要用部分倒装。7. The writer made up his mind to devote all he had (成立) some schools for the children in the poor areas. (set)to setting up 考查动词短语。set up意为“成立；建立”。devote to 意为“把贡献给

14、”，其中to为介词。分析句子结构可知：句中代词all为devote的宾语，he had为省略了连接词的定语从句，所以set up的形式与had没有任何关系。因为to为介词，所以要用set up的动名词形式。8. （尽管她很累）, there was no hope of her being able to sleep.（as）Tired as she was 考查倒装。as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句时，从句要用倒装语序，即把表语、副词或者动词原形提前；如果表语为可数名词单数，名词前不加冠词。其结构为：adj./ adv./ n./ v. +as +主语+句子其他成分。9. Not （看完那

15、本小说）, Tom knew nothing about its tragic ending. (finish)having finished reading the novel 考查非谓语动词。Tom和finish之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以要用现在分词作状语；“finish”这一动作发生在“know”之前，故应用现在分词的完成式。10. Across the lake are two small villages, （其中之一已见证过）a historic reform in China. (see)one of which has seen / and one (of them) ha

16、s seen 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，which指代 two small villages，引导此非限制性定语从句；还可以用并列连词and连接两个句子，用them代指 two small villages。see在句中意为“目睹；见证”。（三）第一节：完成句子1. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ (我所不同意的). (disagree)where I disagree 考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知系动词is的后面为表语从句。disagree为不及物动词，所以表语从句中缺

17、少状语，用where引导此表语从句，where意为“的那点”。2. In the class the teacher told us that three-fourths of the earths surface _ (由水覆盖). (cover)is covered with water 考查主谓一致。分数、百分数修饰名词，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，此处 three-fourths 修饰the earths surface，故谓语动词取决于名词短语the earths surface，surface为不可数名词，所以句子的谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。be covered with意为“

18、被所覆盖”。3. It was on the shelf _ (我放鞋子的地方) that I found my car keys. How careless I was! (put)where I put my shoes 考查强调句型和定语从句。强调句型的基本结构是：“It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who /whom +句子剩余部分”，强调句型可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语和表语，若强调的主语是人，后面的that也可以用who。此句强调的是地点状语on the shelf。定语从句where I put my shoes修饰先行词the shelf 。强调句型

19、常常和定语从句结合起来考查。4. Hardly _ (我们宣布仪式) open when the rain began to pour down. (declare)had we declared the ceremony 考查倒装句和时态。句型“hardly when ”意为“一就”，在此结构中如果从句为一般过去时态，那么主句就要用过去完成时态；如果把hardly置于句首，那么句子要用部分倒装语序。5. In the big fire the woman saved a little boy but lost her son. When asked if she regretted _ (没

20、有救) her son, she said she made the right choice. (save) not having saved 考查动词的用法。regret to do sth.意为“遗憾地去干某事”而regret doing sth.意为“后悔做过某事”。根据句意可知应用动名词作regret的宾语。not save发生在regret之前，所以要用动名词的完成时。6. Hello! Is that ABC company? Could I speak to _ (负责的人) the International Sales, please? (whoever)whoever i

21、s in charge of 考查宾语从句。be in charge of 意为“负责 ”。to后缺少宾语，所以所缺部分为宾语从句，whoever引导宾语从句，并且在从句中作主语。7. He was absent again, which _(使得我们困难) to carry on with the work. (make)made it difficult for us 考查it的用法。“make+宾语+补语”表示“使处于某种状态”。在句中it作形式宾语，代指不定式短语 to carry on with the work。8. As is reported, Chen Guangbiao,

22、known as Chief Charitarian in China (“中国首善”), _ (捐献了) billions to helping people in disaster-stricken areas these years. (contribute)has been contributing 考查时态。“捐献”这一动作从过去就已经开始，一直持续到现在，并且还有可能继续持续下去，所以句子要用现在完成进行时。9. _ (在水少的地方), it is hard or even impossible to develop good farming. (where)Where there

23、 is little water 考查状语从句。根据句意可知在句中缺少地点状语，所以要用where引导此状语从句。10. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ (过去常常管理) poorly, is now a successful business. (run)which used to be run考查定语从句和语态。分析句子结构可知，两个逗号之间的部分为非限制性定语从句，补充说明Chans restaurant，在定语从句中缺少主语，又因为that不能引导非限制定语从句所以要用which引导此非限制性定语从句，which指代Chans restauran

24、t。used to do sth.意为“过去常常干某事”，run和Chans restaurant之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以从句的谓语动词要用被动语态。（四）1. In the past, only in country areas _ (人们倾向) to believe that boys were smarter than girls, which was great prejudice against girls. (tend)did people tend 考查倒装语序和时态。由时间状语in the past可知，句子的谓语动词要用一般过去时态；in country areas在句

25、中作地点状语，“only+状语”置于句首，句子要用部分倒装。2. Officials answered questions about Japans recent nuclear leak, saying that it was not _ (如此严重的一个问题) as people expected. (so)so serious a problem 考查比较结构。表示原级的比较要用as / so as 结构，在肯定句中要用as as；在否定句或者疑问句中要用so as 。as/ so as 中间要加形容词或者副词的原级，如果中间既有形容词又有单数可数名词，那么就要用“as/ so +形容词

26、+a / an+单数名词”结构。3. _ (放弃原则), according to some experts, is often the cause of damage or destruction of both personal and professional relationships. (abandon)Abandoning principles / To abandon principles 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知句子缺少主语，可以用动词的ing形式，或者动词的不定式形式作句子的主语。4. Word came from the earthquake-hit area in

27、 Yunnan _(人们已安定下来) in new houses. But they face difficult challenges associated with the need to find work. (settle)that people had settled down 考查同位语从句。that引导同位语从句补充说明word的内容，that在从句中不作任何句子成分，但是不能省略。settle down 意为“定居；安居”，“settle down”这一动作发生在“came”之前，所以从句的谓语动词要用过去完成时态。5. When he came back home he se

28、nsed something unusual the room seemed _ (有人进来过) .（break） to have been broken into 考查不定式的用法。seem to have done sth.意为“好像干过某事”，break into意为“破门而入；闯入”，break into和the room之间构成动宾关系，所以要用不定式的被动语态。6. You _(没必要拿) all these parcels yourself. The shop would have delivered them if you had asked them. (carry)need

29、nt have carried 考查情态动词和虚拟语气。neednt have done sth.表示“本没有必要干某事而实际上已经干了”。7. According to the diary he kept in his Blog, they have reached the point _ (他们只得分手) with each other. (separate)where they have to separate 考查定语从句。当先行词为point，situation，conditions，case，position，stage等表示某人/ 物所处的情况、发展的阶段或者表达某事物的某个方面

30、时，要用where引导此定语从句，where 表示“在这种情况下，从中”等。8. Jane just loves skiing. She _(一直在练习) it since she was six years old so it comes pretty naturally to her now. (practise)has been practicing (doing) 考查时态。根据句意可知此句要用现在完成进行时态。现在完成进行时表示动作或者状态从过哦去就已经开始一直持续到现在，还有可能继续持续下去。9. _(到底为什么) his work was still as it had been? (it; be)Why was it that 考查强调句型。强调句型的基本结构是：“It is / was + 被强调部分+ that / who /whom +句子剩余部分”，强调句型可以用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语和表语，若强调的主语是人，后面的that也可以用who。强调结构的特殊疑问句的形式为：疑问词+ is/ was it that ?判断一个句子是不是强调句式的方法：把句中的it is