奥运会英文广播稿.docx

1、奥运会英文广播稿The modern Olympic Games or Olympics are leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a variety of competitions. The Olympic Games are considered the worlds foremost sports competitio

2、n with more than 200 nations participating. The Olympic Games are held every four years, with the Summer and Winter Games alternating by occurring every four years but two years apart.Their creation was inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, which were held in Olympia, Greece, from the 8th century B

3、C to the 4th century AD. Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee in 1894. The IOC is the governing body of the Olympic Movement, with the Olympic Charter defining its structure and authority.The evolution of the Olympic Movement during the 20th and 21st centuries has re

4、sulted in several changes to the Olympic Games. Some of these adjustments include the creation of the Winter Olympic Games for ice and winter sports, the Paralympic Games for athletes with a disability, and the Youth Olympic Games for teenage athletes. The IOC has had to adapt to a variety of econom

5、ic, political, and technological advancements. As a result, the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism, as envisioned by Coubertin, to allowing participation of professional athletes. The growing importance of mass media created the issue of corporate sponsorship and commercialisation of the

6、 Games. World wars led to the cancellation of the 1916, 1940, and 1944 Games. Large boycotts during the Cold War limited participation in the 1980 and 1984 Games.The Olympic Movement consists of international sports federations, National Olympic Committees , and organising committees for each specif

7、ic Olympic Games. As the decision-making body, the IOC is responsible for choosing the host city for each Games, and organises and funds the Games according to the Olympic Charter. The IOC also determines the Olympic programme, consisting of the sports to be contested at the Games. There are several

8、 Olympic rituals and symbols, such as the Olympic flag and torch, as well as the opening and closing ceremonies. Over 13,000 athletes compete at the Summer and Winter Olympic Games in 33 different sports and nearly 400 events. The first, second, and third-place finishers in each event receive Olympi

9、c medals: gold, silver, and bronze, respectively.The Games have grown so much that nearly every nation is now represented. This growth has created numerous challenges and controversies, including boycotts, doping, bribery, and a terrorist attack in 1972. Every two years the Olympics and its media ex

10、posure provide unknown athletes with the chance to attain national and sometimes international fame. The Games also constitute an opportunity for the host city and country to showcase themselves to the world.Ancient OlympicsThe Ancient Olympic Games were religious and athletic festivals held every f

11、our years at the sanctuary ofZeusinOlympia, Greece. Competition was among representatives of severalcity-statesand kingdoms ofAncient Greece. These Games featured mainly athletic but also combat sports such as wrestling and thepankration, horse and chariot racing events. It has been widely written t

12、hat during the Games, all conflicts among the participating city-states were postponed until the Games were finished. This cessation of hostilities was known as the Olympic peace or truce.3This idea is a modern myth because the Greeks never suspended their wars. The truce did allow those religious p

13、ilgrims who were travelling to Olympia to pass through warring territories unmolested because they were protected by Zeus.4The origin of the Olympics is shrouded in mystery and legend;5one of the most popular myths identifiesHeraclesand his fatherZeusas the progenitors of the Games.678According to l

14、egend, it was Heracles who first called the Games Olympic and established the custom of holding them every four years.9The myth continues that after Heracles completed histwelve labours, he built theOlympic Stadiumas an honour to Zeus. Following its completion, he walked in a straight line for 200 s

15、teps and called this distance a stadion (Greek:,Latin:stadium, stage), which later became aunit of distance. The most widely accepted inception date for the Ancient Olympics is 776BC; this is based on inscriptions, found at Olympia, listing the winners of a footrace held every four years starting in

16、 776BC.10The Ancient Games featured running events, a pentathlon (consisting of a jumping event,discusand javelin throws, a foot race, and wrestling), boxing, wrestling,pankration, andequestrianevents.1112Tradition has it thatCoroebus, a cook from the city ofElis, was the first Olympic champion.13Th

17、e Olympics were of fundamental religious importance, featuring sporting events alongside ritual sacrifices honouring both Zeus (whosefamous statuebyPhidiasstood in his temple atOlympia) andPelops, divine hero and mythical king of Olympia. Pelops was famous for his chariot race with KingOenomausofPis

18、atis.14The winners of the events were admired and immortalised in poems and statues.15The Games were held every four years, and this period, known as anOlympiad, was used by Greeks as one of their units of time measurement. The Games were part of a cycle known as thePanhellenic Games, which included

19、 thePythian Games, theNemean Games, and theIsthmian Games.16The Olympic Games reached theirzenithin the 6th and 5thcenturiesBC, but then gradually declined in importance as theRomansgained power and influence in Greece. While there is no scholarly consensus as to when the Games officially ended, the

20、 most commonly held date is 393AD, when the emperorTheodosius Idecreed that all pagan cults and practices be eliminated.17Another date commonly cited is 426AD, when his successor,Theodosius II, ordered the destruction of all Greek temples.18Modern GamesForerunnersVarious uses of the term Olympic to

21、describe athletic events in the modern era have been documented since the 17th century. The first such event was theCotswold Gamesor Cotswold Olimpick Games, an annual meeting nearChipping Campden, England, involving various sports. It was first organised by the lawyerRobert Doverbetween 1612 and 16

22、42, with several later celebrations leading up to the present day. TheBritish Olympic Association, in its bid for the2012 Olympic Gamesin London, mentioned these games as the first stirrings of Britains Olympic beginnings.19LOlympiade de la Rpublique, a national Olympic festival held annually from 1

23、796 to 1798 inRevolutionary Francealso attempted to emulate the ancient Olympic Games.20The competition included several disciplines from the ancient Greek Olympics. The 1796 Games also marked the introduction of themetric systeminto sport.20In 1850 an Olympian Class was started byWilliam Penny Broo

24、kesatMuch Wenlock, inShropshire, England. In 1859, Brookes changed the name to theWenlock Olympian Games. This annual sports festival continues to this day.21The Wenlock Olympian Society was founded by Brookes on 15 November 1860.22Between 1862 and 1867,Liverpoolheld an annual Grand Olympic Festival

25、. Devised byJohn HulleyandCharles Melly, these games were the first to be wholly amateur in nature and international in outlook, although only gentlemen amateurs could compete.2324The programme of the first modern Olympiad in Athens in 1896 was almost identical to that of the Liverpool Olympics.25In

26、 1865 Hulley, Brookes and E.G. Ravenstein founded the National Olympian Association in Liverpool, a forerunner of theBritish Olympic Association. Its articles of foundation provided the framework for theInternational Olympic Charter.26In 1866, a national Olympic Games in Great Britain was organised

27、at LondonsCrystal Palace.27RevivalGreek interest in reviving the Olympic Games began with theGreek War of Independencefrom theOttoman Empirein 1821. It was first proposed by poet and newspaper editorPanagiotis Soutsosin his poem Dialogue of the Dead, published in 1833.28Evangelos Zappas, a wealthy G

28、reek-Romanian philanthropist, first wrote toKing Otto of Greece, in 1856, offering to fund a permanent revival of the Olympic Games.29Zappas sponsored the firstOlympic Gamesin 1859, which was held in anAthenscity square. Athletes participated from Greece and the Ottoman Empire. Zappas funded the res

29、toration of the ancientPanathenaic Stadiumso that it could host all future Olympic Games.29The stadium hosted Olympics in 1870 and 1875.30Thirty thousand spectators attended that Games in 1870, though no official attendance records are available for the 1875 Games.31In 1890, after attending the Olym

30、pian Games of theWenlock Olympian Society, BaronPierre de Coubertinwas inspired to found theInternational Olympic Committee(IOC).32Coubertin built on the ideas and work of Brookes and Zappas with the aim of establishing internationally rotating Olympic Games that would occur every four years.32He pr

31、esented these ideas during the firstOlympic Congressof the newly created International Olympic Committee. This meeting was held from 16 to 23 June 1894, at theUniversity of Paris. On the last day of the Congress, it was decided that the first Olympic Games to come under the auspices of the IOC would

32、 take place in Athens in 1896.33The IOC elected the Greek writerDemetrius Vikelasas its first president.341896 GamesThe first Games held under the auspices of the IOC was hosted in the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens in 1896. The Games brought together 14 nations and 241 athletes who competed in 43 events.35Zappas and his cousinKonstantinos Zappashad left the Greek government a trust to fund future Olympic Games. This trust was used to he