学年译林版必修三unit 2 language project学案教育文档.docx

1、学年译林版必修三unit 2 language project学案教育文档unit 2 language project学案教师范读的是阅读教学中不可缺少的部分，我常采用范读，让幼儿学习、模仿。如领读，我读一句，让幼儿读一句，边读边记；第二通读，我大声读，我大声读，幼儿小声读，边学边仿；第三赏读，我借用录好配朗读磁带，一边放录音，一边幼儿反复倾听，在反复倾听中体验、品味。 .Choose the best answers according to The development of Chinese characters.家庭是幼儿语言活动的重要环境，为了与家长配合做好幼儿阅读训练工作，孩子一

2、入园就召开家长会，给家长提出早期抓好幼儿阅读的要求。我把幼儿在园里的阅读活动及阅读情况及时传递给家长，要求孩子回家向家长朗诵儿歌，表演故事。我和家长共同配合，一道训练，幼儿的阅读能力提高很快。 1The main difference between the Chinese language and many Western languages should be that _ according to the passage.我国古代的读书人,从上学之日起,就日诵不辍,一般在几年内就能识记几千个汉字,熟记几百篇文章,写出的诗文也是字斟句酌,琅琅上口,成为满腹经纶的文人。为什么在现代化教学的今

3、天,我们念了十几年书的高中毕业生甚至大学生,竟提起作文就头疼,写不出像样的文章呢?吕叔湘先生早在1978年就尖锐地提出:“中小学语文教学效果差,中学语文毕业生语文水平低,十几年上课总时数是9160课时,语文是2749课时,恰好是30%,十年的时间,二千七百多课时,用来学本国语文,却是大多数不过关,岂非咄咄怪事!”寻根究底,其主要原因就是腹中无物。特别是写议论文,初中水平以上的学生都知道议论文的“三要素”是论点、论据、论证,也通晓议论文的基本结构:提出问题分析问题解决问题,但真正动起笔来就犯难了。知道“是这样”,就是讲不出“为什么”。根本原因还是无“米”下“锅”。于是便翻开作文集锦之类的书大段抄

4、起来,抄人家的名言警句,抄人家的事例,不参考作文书就很难写出像样的文章。所以,词汇贫乏、内容空洞、千篇一律便成了中学生作文的通病。要解决这个问题,不能单在布局谋篇等写作技方面下功夫,必须认识到“死记硬背”的重要性,让学生积累足够的“米”。 AWestern languages are usually formed by combining and mixing many different languages from different countries语文课本中的文章都是精选的比较优秀的文章,还有不少名家名篇。如果有选择循序渐进地让学生背诵一些优秀篇目、精彩段落,对提高学生的水平会大有裨

5、益。现在,不少语文教师在分析课文时,把文章解体的支离破碎,总在文章的技巧方面下功夫。结果教师费劲,学生头疼。分析完之后,学生收效甚微,没过几天便忘的一干二净。造成这种事倍功半的尴尬局面的关键就是对文章读的不熟。常言道“书读百遍,其义自见”,如果有目的、有计划地引导学生反复阅读课文,或细读、默读、跳读,或听读、范读、轮读、分角色朗读,学生便可以在读中自然领悟文章的思想内容和写作技巧,可以在读中自然加强语感,增强语言的感受力。久而久之,这种思想内容、写作技巧和语感就会自然渗透到学生的语言意识之中,就会在写作中自觉不自觉地加以运用、创造和发展。 Bthe characters the Chinese

6、 language uses have meanings and can work alone as words, while Western languages cant要练说，得练听。听是说的前提，听得准确，才有条件正确模仿，才能不断地掌握高一级水平的语言。我在教学中，注意听说结合，训练幼儿听的能力，课堂上，我特别重视教师的语言，我对幼儿说话，注意声音清楚，高低起伏，抑扬有致，富有吸引力，这样能引起幼儿的注意。当我发现有的幼儿不专心听别人发言时，就随时表扬那些静听的幼儿，或是让他重复别人说过的内容，抓住教育时机，要求他们专心听，用心记。平时我还通过各种趣味活动，培养幼儿边听边记，边听边想，

7、边听边说的能力，如听词对词，听词句说意思，听句子辩正误，听故事讲述故事，听谜语猜谜底，听智力故事，动脑筋，出主意，听儿歌上句，接儿歌下句等，这样幼儿学得生动活泼，轻松愉快，既训练了听的能力，强化了记忆，又发展了思维，为说打下了基础。 Cthe Chinese language has a longer history than Western languagesDthe Chinese language is easier to be understood than the English language2From the story of Cang Jie we know the firs

8、t Chinese characters were invented to represent _.AobjectsBideasCactions Dpictures3How many kinds of Chinese characters are mentioned in the passage?A1. B2.C3. D4.4Which is the correct explanation about the forming of the character “休”？AA man lying on the ground with his arms crossed.BA man lying ag

9、ainst a tree.CA man running.DA tree lying beside a man.5The passage is mainly talking about _.Ahow the Chinese characters were inventedBhow the Chinese characters have developedChow the Chinese characters have been influenced by Western languagesDhow the simplified Chinese characters were introduced

10、答案：1.B2.A3.B4.B5.B.Fill in each blank with no more than three words.The development of Chinese charactersBrief introduction to Chinese charactersThe Chinese language uses 1.characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.Chinese words are formed by 2.putting_together different characters.The orig

11、ins of Chinese charactersChinese 3.writing began thousands of years ago.A man named Cang Jie thought different shapes or pictures could be used to 4.represent_different_objectsThe formationand development of Chinese charactersThe first Chinese characters were 5.drawings of physical objects.The chara

12、cters have developed from drawings into 6.standard_formsCharacters were made by bining two or more characters together.Other characters were developed for 8.directions and numbers.PronunciationOne part of a character indicates the meaning and the other suggests the 9.pronunciationSimplified Chinesec

13、haractersThey were 10.introduced by the Chinese government in the 1950s.单词拼写1He hunted (搜寻) for a lost book and finally found it.2This painting represents (展现) a hunting scene.3People who cannot distinguish (区别) between colours are said to be colourblind.4She has many shortcomings (缺点), but were all

14、 very fond of her.5Her eyesight (视力) grew so bad that she could hardly see.6The little boy was being dragged (拖) away from the toy store.7Deeds (行动) are better than words when people are in need of help.拓展词汇8differ vi.相异，有区别difference n差别，不同different adj.不同的，有差别的differently adv.不同地，有差别地9appearance n

15、外观，外貌appear vi.出现；出场10drawing n绘画，绘画艺术draw v绘画，画11simplify vt.简化simplification n简化simple adj.简单的12combine vt.& vi.组合；(使)联合combination n组合13indicate vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示indication n征兆，迹象；指示indicator n指示者；指示器，显示器14press vt.(被)压，挤，推，施加压力 n报刊；新闻界；出版社pressure n压力；挤压；压强；压迫(感)15convenient adj.方便的convenience n方便，

16、便利inconvenient adj.不方便的16practical adj.切实可行的，实用的practically adv.讲究实际地；从实际出发地practice n实际；练习；惯例；实习practise v实践；实习，练习巧记单词词根词形变化构词点拨appearappearance动词ance构成名词simplesimplify形容词变e为ify构成动词convenientconvenience形容词变t为ce构成形容词.补全短语1differ from与不同，不同于2as a whole 作为整体，总体上3stand for 代表，象征4instead of 代替，而不是5turn

17、into 变成6think of 想到7in the 1950s 在二十世纪五十年代8as a result of 由于1教材原句Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.并不是所有的汉字都是从物体的图画演变而来。句型点拨部分否定。佳句赏析Not all birds fly away to the south in winter.冬天不是所有的鸟都飞往南方。2教材原句Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate th

18、e meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.于是就产生了另外一种方法：字的一部分表意，而另一部分表音。句型点拨have sb. do . “让某人做”。佳句赏析If you cant work out this problem, you can have your brother help you.如果你解不出这道题，你可以让你的兄弟帮助你。3教材原句While the students found the soldiers idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of p

19、ractical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这个系统太复杂而不实用。句型点拨be ofn.(抽象名词)结构。佳句赏析Basic research is of great importance in all scientific fields.在各个科学领域里，基础研究是非常重要的。The development of Chinese charactersThe Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which st

20、and for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters. In many cases, a single character can also make up a word. The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at how these characters developed.Chinese writing began thousands of years ago

21、. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the tracks of animals in the snow and observed that the appearance of each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different obj

22、ects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms. The character for a mountain was at first three mountai

23、ntops together.This became one mountaintop and three lines, and over time turned into the character used nowadays.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together. For example, rest was made

24、 up of the characters for a man and a tree. The character prisoner was formed with a man inside a square. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for up and down， which are opposites of each

25、other.Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used tod

26、ay were made this way.In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters and now they have widespread use in Chinas mainland.汉字的演变汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示观点、物体或行为。汉语中的汉字是通过把不同的汉字组合而构成的。在许多情况下，单个的汉字也可以构成一个单词。通过考察汉语中单个汉字的发展过程就可以明白汉语的历史。汉字书写起始于数千年前。根据古代传说，一个名叫仓颉的人发明了汉字。冬季的

27、一天，他在打猎的时候看到雪地上的动物的足迹，并注意到每个足迹的外观是不同的。于是，他想到可以用不同的形状代表不同的物体。最初的汉字只是表现有形物体的图画。随着时间的推移，有些汉字被简化了，有些变得更复杂。然而，整体上看，汉字已经从图画的形式发展成为了标准形式。汉字“山”起初是三座在一起的山峰，接着变为一座山峰和三条线条，随着时间推移又变成了我们今天使用的汉字。并非所有的汉字都从物体的图画演变而来。有时，为了表达想法，有些汉字是结合了两个或更多的符号。例如，“休”是由汉字“人”和“树”结合在一起而构成的。“囚”则表示把“人”的符号放在一个方格里面。还有一些汉字是为了表示方向和数字的。只看外形就能

28、容易地辨别其含义。例如，互为反义词的汉字“上”和“下”。尽管这些类型的汉字能表达意义，但它们的缺点之一就是其字形不具有表音的功能。因此，一种把表意部分和表音部分结合起来的造字法产生了。目前使用的许多汉字就是用这种方法造出来的。在20世纪50年代，中国政府推行简化汉字，现在，简化汉字已在中国内地广泛使用。The Story of BrailleUsually, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes to see letters written in ink on paper. However, this is not alw

29、ays true. For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.The man who introduced blind people to reading was Louis Braille (18091852). Braille lost his eyesight at the age of three as a result of an injury. When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris. In those day

30、s, books for blind people used paper pressed against metal wire to form letters. Since the metal wire was heavy, each book weighed as much as 100 pounds. The whole system was not convenient for use.Indeed, the school library only had fourteen such books in it.In 1821, a soldier visited the school an

31、d showed the students a system for passing messages at night during times of battle. His system used paper with small, raised dots that could be felt with the fingers. Each letter of the alphabet was represented by a different pattern which consisted of twelve dots. The soldiers would drag their fingers over the raised dots to read the message.While the students found the soldiers idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use. However, young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it. At the age of fifteen, he created a sys