职称英语考试《综合类》每日一练精选及答案0524121.docx

1、职称英语考试综合类每日一练精选及答案0524121职称英语考试综合类每日一练精选及答案0524-1211、The State of Marriage TodayIs there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years, the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going t

2、o get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital (婚外的) affairs will be even more common tha

3、n now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy (明暗的)? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically de

4、pendent on their husbandsas they usually didnt have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in wellpaying jobs, this is no longer the case, So they dont feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic (悲观的)

5、as it seems. While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this, many couples now simply live together and dont bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear i

6、n either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of first marriages survive.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isnt. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they su

7、ffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!Why is the outlook of marriage not

8、 as hopeless as it appears? _【单选题】A. Many people still like to get married.B.The rate of divorce has actually decreased.C.Over 60% of the marriages continue to exist.D.The statistics of divorce is reliable.正确答案:A答案解析:本题难度也不大，正确答案正好是选项A，所以看到A的信息提示，然后马上回到原文验证，可以找到答案依据是文章第三段第二句后半部分：so marriage is still

9、 quite popular.2、CultureCulture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, techn

10、ology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with

11、 the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, glob

12、alization is a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question

13、 centers around acceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or overseas. The internationall

14、y successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.According to the

15、passage, which of the following is true?【单选题】A.All international managers can learn culture.B.Business diversity is not necessary.C.Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.D.Most people do not know foreign culture well.正确答案:C答案解析:文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素。不同的国家与地区可能会有不同的文化体系。在商业中，应该怎样对待不同的文化，

16、商业界存在着不同的看法。3、Sharing SilenceDeaf teenagers Orlando Chavez and German Resendiz have become friends since kindergarten (幼儿园). Together the two boys, who go to Escondido High School in California, have had the difficult job of learning in schools where the majority of the students can speak and hear.O

17、rlando lost his hearing at the age of one. German was borned deaf, and his parents moved from Mexico to find a school where he could learn sign language. He met Orlando on their first day of kindergarten.We were in a special class with about 25 other deaf kids, German remembers. Before then, I didnt

18、 know I was deaf and I was different.Being young and deaf in regular classes was very hard, signs Orlando. The other kids didnt understand us and we didnt understand them. But weve all grown up together, and today, Im popular because Im deaf. Kids try hard to communicate with me.Some things are very

19、 difficult for the two boys. We cant talk on the phone. so if we need help, we cant call an emergency service, German signs. And we cant order food in a drive - thru.Despite their difficulties, the two boys have found work putting food in bags at a local supermarket. They got their jobs through a wo

20、rkability program designed for teenagers from local schools with different types of learning disabilities.German has worked in the supermarket since August, and Orlando started in November.The other people who work here have been very nice to us, Orlando signs. They even sign sometimes. At first, we

21、 were nervous, but weve learned a lot and were getting better.The opportunity to earn money has been exciting, both boys said. After high school, they hope to attend the National Technical Institute for the deaf in New York.Orlando and German have been _.【单选题】A.to Mexico togetherB.deaf since they we

22、re bornC.to different high schoolsD.friends since they were very young正确答案:D答案解析:本题难度不大，本题针对文章开头第一句出题，找到答案依据很容易。根据题干提示词汇迅速到文章定位。找到文章开头第一句，这一句谈到，Orlando和German从上幼儿园时就是好朋友，回来看选项，很明显，D项是近义解释，是答案。4、A Countrys Standard of LivingThe standard of living of any country means the average persons share of the

23、goods and services the country produces. A countrys standard of living, therefore, depends first on its capacity to produce wealth. Wealth in this sense is not money, for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy: goods such as food and clothing, and services such as transport and ent

24、ertainment.A countrys capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors most of which have an effect on one another. Wealth depends to a great extent upon a countrys natural resources. Some region of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have fertile (肥沃的) soil and a favorable c

25、limate, other regions possess none of them.Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use, China is perhaps as rich as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from civil and external wars, For this and other reasons it was unable to develop her resources. Sound and

26、 stable political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasions, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, to produce more wealth than other country.A countrys standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and consumed within its own borde

27、rs, but also upon what is directly produced through international trade. For example, Britains wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much less if she had to depend only on those grown at home. Trade makes it possible for her surplus (剩余的) manufactured goods to be traded abroa

28、d for the agricultural products _ would otherwise be lacking. A countrys wealth is, therefore, much influenced by its manufacturing capacity, providing that other countries can be found ready to accept its manufactures.【单选题】A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when正确答案:B答案解析:本题有一定难度，干扰项干扰较大，本题考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是p

29、roducts，所以正确答案是B。5、Fermi ProblemOn a Monday morning in July, the worlds first atom bomb exploded in the New Mexico desert, Forty seconds later, the shook waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fezmi and his team stood. After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to h

30、is team that the bombs energy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Sin

31、ce Fermis death in 1954, no physicist has been at once a master experimentalist and a leading theoretician.Like all virtuosos (大师), Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult problems into small, manageable bits talent we al

32、l can use in our daily lives.To develop this talent in his students, Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you havent the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too little information had been given to solve it, Yet when the problem is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of expert. s or books, you can come close to the exact solution.Suppose you want to determine Earths circumference without looking